Prospective observational study of adverse drug reactions to diclofenac in children.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the type of common (occurring in >1% of patients) adverse reactions caused by diclofenac when given to children for acute pain.

Methods: A prospective observational study was undertaken on paediatric surgical patents aged < or =12 years at Great Ormond Street and University College London Hospitals. All adverse events were recorded, and causality assessment used to judge the likelihood of them being due to diclofenac.

Oral tumor resection and salivary duct relocation with an ultrasonic surgical aspirator.

We describe a procedure of oral tumor resection and salivary duct relocation with an ultrasonic surgical aspirator. After mucosal incision, resection of the underlying musculature was performed using an ultrasonic surgical aspirator. Using the apparatus, the salivary duct was easily exposed without damaging or cutting the duct.

Selective embolization and resection of a large noninvoluting congenital hemangioma of the lower eyelid.

Purpose: To present a combined interventional radiologic and resection technique for the management of a large amblyogenic, highly vascular lesion of the lower eyelid associated with severe mechanical ectropion, conjunctival pyogenic granuloma, and recurrent, spontaneous conjunctival bleeding.

Methods: Preoperative selective embolization and coil placement were followed by resection of the tumor.

Results: Embolization, coil placement, and resection were uneventful with cosmetic and functional visual improvement obtained.

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal in the retrofitting from an anoxic selector to an anaerobic selector in a full-scale activated sludge process in Singapore.

This paper presents the investigation results of retrofitting an anoxic selector to an anaerobic selector through stepwise reduction of air supply in a full-scale activated sludge process with a focus on enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). The process experienced gradual shift from a Ludzack-Ettinger (LE) to an anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (A(2)O) process and subsequently, an anaerobic-oxic (A/O) process. The major findings are: (i) the average influent-based PO(4) (3-)-P release in the anaerobic selector compartment was 16.

Topotactic intercalation of a bulky organic anion (thiacalix[4]arene) into LDH through an osmotic swelling/restoration reaction in formamide.

Utilizing the osmotic swelling of LDH in formamide, for the first time, the bulky thiacalix[4]arene anion is introduced, leading to the recovery of LDH layers, and the hexagonal prism morphology of the precursor is well retained.

Management of symptomatic colonic diverticular disease.

There are controversies surrounding the indications, time and place for elective surgery, and role of multistage operations in the treatment of complicated diverticular disease. Most patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis can be managed non-operatively. Previous indications for elective surgery after two attacks of diverticulitis have been questioned.

Three minimally invasive procedures for removing lesions in the maxillary sinus.

We describe here 3 minimally invasive procedures for removing lesions from the maxillary sinus using an ultrathin endoscope, microscope, and otoscope.Preoperatively, a lesion in the maxillary sinus was identified by radiographic examination. Then the access hole position and advance direction of the endoscope and forceps were planned.

Cure, continence and quality of life after treatment for fistula-in-ano.

Background: The best operation for high anal fistulas is difficult to nominate because they have varying cure and incontinence rates. The objective of this study was to quantify the relative importance of the outcomes of cure, continence and other quality-of-life (QOL) factors.

Methods: A questionnaire was sent in October 2006 to patients with anal fistulas and to colorectal surgeons.

[Prevention of irinotecan hydrochloride-induced diarrhea by oral administration of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota in rats].

Irinotecan hydrochloride is an inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase I enzyme by its main active metabolite SN-38. However, irinotecan-induced severe diarrhea has often limited its more widespread use. We assessed the effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) on irinotecan-induced diarrhea in rats.

A combination of three minimally invasive surgical procedures for implant placement in the posterior maxilla with insufficient bone quantity.

We describe a combination of 3 surgical procedures for implant placement in the posterior maxilla with insufficient bone quantity and quality. In these situations, we have performed 3 minimally invasive, safe, and reliable surgical procedures: buccal bone graft with bone harvested from the mandibular molar region, submucous vestibuloplasty using artificial dermis, and bone-added osteotome sinus floor elevation under endoscopic control. These modified procedures can be performed in the office setting under outpatient local anesthesia and may minimize patient discomfort and reduce postoperative complications.

Three-dimensional fabrication on GaAs surfaces using electron-beam-induced carbon deposition followed by wet chemical etching.

We propose a method for fabricating three-dimensional structures on GaAs surfaces using electron beam (EB) irradiation followed by wet chemical etching. An etch-resistant hydrocarbon layer forms on the GaAs surface with the EB irradiation. Structures can be fabricated after etching using the hydrocarbon layer to block the etching.

Autoimmune pancreatitis in a patient presenting with obstructive jaundice and pancreatic mass.

Background: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a rare cause of chronic pancreatitis.

Case Outline: A case of obstructive jaundice with pancreatic mass mimicking malignancy is described.

Discussion: Recognition of the disease by its typical radiological and serological findings permits trial of steroid therapy and may avoid resection.

A randomized controlled trial of 2 methods of immobilizing torus fractures of the distal forearm.

Objectives: Immobilization of torus fractures of the distal forearm, for 1 to 4 weeks in a slab, cast, or splint, produces good radiological and functional outcomes. This study assesses the pain associated with 2 forms of immobilization used for these injuries.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial comparing fiberglass volar slab and encircling plaster-of-paris cast was conducted at a children's hospital emergency department.

[Differences in pain anesthetic effect expression on using lidocaine tape for hemodialysis patients].

There are many clinical problems which are raised but not responded sufficiently, and pharmacy school plays a key role to solve these problems. We introduce the case in which pharmacy school collaborated with hospital about the clinical problem. Many hemodialysis patients experience much physical and mental pain associated with needle insertion before dialysis.

Recurrent multi-organism keratoconjunctivitis manifesting as a first presentation of common variable immune deficiency (CVID).

Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) is characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia, impaired antibody production, and recurrent bacterial infections. Reports of ocular manifestations of CVID are rare. The authors discuss a patient with recurrent keratoconjunctivitis that presented as an initial manifestation of CVID.

Procedure of endoscopic removal of a gutta-percha point under the maxillary sinus mucosa by using an ultrathin arthroscope.

We describe here a procedure of endoscopic removal of a gutta-percha point under the maxillary sinus mucosa by using an ultrathin arthroscope. In this study, a 1.2-mm-diameter ultrathin arthroscope was introduced for observation into the maxillary sinus.

Trabeculectomy trapdoor separation with allergic periorbital dermatitis: an unusual late-onset complication of guarded filtration surgery.

Hypotony post trabeculectomy may be the result of excessive aqueous outflow. Herein a case of an elderly man with excessive filtration 2 years post trabeculectomy resulting from trapdoor separation associated with allergic periorbital dermatitis is presented. Quaternary ammonium compounds are a significant cause of allergic periorbital dermatitis.

Numerical and in vitro investigations of pressure rise in a new hydrodynamic blood bearing.

The reliability and simplicity of rotor bearing are vital to the success of long-term implantation of rotary blood pumps. This article describes both numerical and in vitro studies of the pressure rise in a 5-cm-diameter spiral groove bearing. Results show that the simplified analytical model overpredicts the pressure rise across the bearing while the results from a more comprehensive three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model agree well with the measurements.

High-molecular intestinal alkaline phosphatase in chronic liver diseases.

The presence of high-molecular intestinal alkaline phosphatase (HIALP) different from bone ALP detected in the alpha(2)beta region was recently clarified. In this study we used a novel method in which HIALP was detected after conversion to ALP(5) by protease to investigate the clinical significance of the appearance of HIALP in patients with chronic liver disease. The subjects were 241 patients with chronic liver disease.

High-molecular intestinal alkaline phosphatase by agarose gel electrophoresis.

The presence of high-molecular intestinal ALP (HIALP) overlapping with bone ALP in the alpha(2)beta region has been demonstrated. In this study we evaluated a method of separating HIALP after its conversion into ALP(5) by the action of protease. Serum samples from patients were mixed with protease at a ratio of 5:1 and left at room temperature for more than 30 min.