Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) persists as a global challenge, accounting for 20%-25% of all healthcare-associated infections. The SSI rate has been reported to range from 2.5% to 41.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLarge-scale genotype and phenotype data have been increasingly generated to identify genetic markers, understand gene function and evolution and facilitate genomic selection. These datasets hold immense value for both current and future studies, as they are vital for crop breeding, yield improvement and overall agricultural sustainability. However, integrating these datasets from heterogeneous sources presents significant challenges and hinders their effective utilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Progressive improvement in the accuracy of profiling of hormone receptors in breast cancer provides the basis for targeted endocrine therapy, a major pillar of multimodal breast cancer treatment. However, the disparity in findings from comparatively smaller sample-sized studies in West Africa has led to somewhat conflicting conclusions and recommendations.
Objectives: This study investigates the immunohistochemical (IHC) profile of breast cancer specimens for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal receptor-2 (HER2)/neu, and Ki-67 in a tertiary hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria over 12 years.
Background: Surgical resection margins (RM), axillary nodal involvement and lymph node ratio (LNR) determine loco-regional control (LRC) in breast cancer management. Late presentation precludes breast conservation therefore surgical option is usually mastectomy and adjuvant chemoradiation minimize loco-regional recurrence (LRR).
Objective: We investigated the prognostic role of lymph nodes positive for malignancy (pN), LNR and RM on LRR of breast cancer in a tertiary hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Objective: While the epidemiology of benign colonic pathologies has not significantly changed in our region, colorectal cancer has steadily increased with a majority of patients presenting with late stage disease particularly large bowel obstruction. This study reviews the outcome of emergency and elective colon and proximal rectal cases with regards to perioperative morbidity and mortality.
Setting: All patients who had surgery for symptoms of lower gastrointestinal tract disease (caecum and proximal rectum) between January 2008 and January 2018 at University College Hospital, Ibadan were included.
Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) consist of over 70 histologic subtypes and constitute only 1% of adult malignancies. The fulcrum of management is surgical resection with neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment-chemoradiation.
Methods: The study is a retrospective review of consecutive STS patients who had surgery at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, between October 2007-2017.
Niger J Clin Pract
November 2018
Introduction: The pyramidal lobe of the thyroid gland is derived from remnant of the thyroglossal duct. Its presence may be missed clinically; however radiologic and intra-operative findings reveal its presence in up to 50% of cases. The incidence of pyramidal lobe is however not clearly known in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Nigeria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Peritonitis induces an inflammatory response characterized by the elevation of various cytokine levels. Included in this cascade of cytokines are tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α). The outcome of patient care may be associated with the pattern of elaboration of these cytokines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Surgery is the most common source of acute pain.
Aim: To determine the intensity of acute pain following day case surgery and evaluate the effectiveness of the prescribed analgesics.
Methods: A descriptive observational study carried out at the main operating and the Urology Outpatient theatre suites of the University College Hospital, Ibadan.
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) rates in low-resource countries, which typically lack CRC screening programs, are rising. This study determined whether a risk model for patients with rectal bleeding could identify patients with curable CRC.
Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study evaluated a model constructed from data from 1 hospital and validated at 2 other hospitals.
Introduction: Total thyroidectomy as a treatment for simple multinodular goitre is not well recognised in most centres in low middle income countries.
Method: This paper is a retrospective review of outcomes of total thyroidectomy for simple multinodular goitres in the last fifteen years in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.
Results: A total of 652 thyroidectomies were done from January 2001 to December 2015.
We describe the use of single-shot lamina thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) with sedation for a 56-year-old female patient who had modified radical mastectomy with axillary clearance. Two years ago, she suffered vocal cord palsy post thyroidectomy, which was managed with tracheostomy. The tracheostomy tube was removed 8 months later, leaving the patient with persistent hoarseness of voice and left vocal cord palsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Peritonitis is a life-threatening condition and requires urgent surgical management. Despite improvements in the care of patients with peritonitis, its management is still challenging and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine factors influencing the outcome in patients managed for peritonitis in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatic abscess as a manifestation of sickle cell disease is rare. A 25 year old Nigerian male with sickle cell disease presented with right sided upper abdominal pain, fever, massive hepatomegaly, neutrophilic leucocytosis and mildly deranged liver enzymes. Sonographic findings were a large thin walled right hepatic lobe abscess; with an estimated volume of 2000ml.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Abdominal wall hernias are very common diseases encountered in surgical practice. Groin hernia is the commonest type of abdominal wall hernias. There are several methods of hernia repair but tension-free repair (usually with mesh) offers the least recurrent rate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Elevated levels of serum lactate and glucose during resuscitation have been demonstrated to be predictors of morbidity and mortality in hemodynamically unstable patients with surgical abdominal conditions. However, the rate of return to normal levels of both lactate and blood glucose may be better predictors of mortality and morbidity. The aims of this study are: (I) To determine the pattern of serum lactate and glucose changes in patients with surgical abdominal conditions requiring resuscitation within 48 hours of presentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is no general consensus on the definition of retrosternal goitre (RSG) however thyroidectomy remains the gold standard of treatment with or without a sternotomy.
Aim: To review the outcome of surgical management of retrosternal goitres.
Methodology: Retrospective review of records of patients who had thyroidectomy for RSG over a 15-year period.
Introduction: Pain control is a challenge after surgery. Inadequate control of acute postoperative pain in mastectomy patients may lead to chronic post mastectomy pain syndrome. The study aimed to compare the effect of diathermy incision with scalpel incision on the severity of acute postoperative pain after mastectomy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfr J Med Med Sci
September 2014
Background: Laparoscopy is now readily being deployed for abdominal surgeries in our centre, thanks to the surgeons' interest and the desire to follow best practice as obtained in other climes. General anaesthesia (GA) with intermittent positive pressure ventilation is usually the preferred mode of anaesthesia for this procedure. There are reports of laparoscopic surgery of abdomen performed under spinal and or epidural anaesthetic techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The anecdotal fear of using cautery for surgical incisions is still common in surgical practice despite recent evidences. The aim of this study is to compare the results of electrocautery and the scalpel in skin incisions.
Materials And Methods: This is a prospective randomized double blind study conducted in the Department of Surgery, of a teaching hospital in Ibadan.
MATERIALS AND METHODS- Archival formalin fixed paraffin embedded gastric Adenocarcinoma tumour tissue from the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan were studied for HER 2 protein status using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS- HER 2 protein receptor status was determined in 36 cases using immunohistochemistry. The male: female ratio was 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF