Retrospective Comparison of Nigeria's Emergency Response Between the 2014 Ebola Outbreak and 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic.

The 2014 Ebola Virus disease outbreak and the COVID-19 pandemic are prominent among the viral infectious diseases that threatened our existence in the last decade. We did a retrospective review of Nigeria's responses during the two crises using different keywords: . These served as discussion points, and we ended by highlighting a few salient observations that should serve as reflection, learning points, and recommendations for better responses in the future.

COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey of its Knowledge and Risk Perception among Nigerians.

Background: The effect of the current COVID-19 pandemic on economies and health systems has been profound. Knowledge of the virus continues to evolve over time. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and the factors associated with the perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 infection during the pandemic.

Determinants of primary healthcare services utilisation in an under-resourced rural community in Enugu State, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: primary health care (PHC) is essential towards achieving universal health coverage. Improving PHC services require understanding context-specific factors influencing utilisation. We assessed the factors influencing utilisation of PHC services in a rural community in Enugu, Nigeria.

Determinants for Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine in Nigeria.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic heralded an unprecedented race to the development of several vaccine candidates at record speeds never seen in global health. Within nine months, Pfizer-BioNTech's COVID-19 vaccine was approved by the United States FDA. Unfortunately, while these advances were ongoing, there was a burgeoning epidemic of disinformation about the virus and the vaccines that affected the willingness of people, especially minority groups, to get vaccinated.

Water, sanitation and hygiene risk factors associated with diarrhoea morbidity in a rural community of Enugu, South East Nigeria.

Introduction: diarrhoea remains a public health problem globally with majority of diarrhoea morbidity and mortality occurring in low resource settings. This study assessed the prevalence of diarrhoea and factors associated with diarrhoea in a rural community in Enugu, South East Nigeria.

Methods: a community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between May and June, 2017.

Primary motives for demand of ivermectin drug in mass distribution programmes to control onchocerciasis.

Background: Onchocerciasis is a disease with a spectrum of manifestations suffered by different infected people. Based on individual perceptions and manifestations presented, demand for the drug Ivermectin was due to different motives and priorities during mass distribution programmes.

Subjects And Method: This study presents findings from a sample of 594 persons out of a total of 35,763 treated individuals who voluntarily demanded Ivermectin treatment during a community-based Ivermectin distribution exercise.

Perceptions on the use of insecticide treated nets in parts of the Imo River Basin, Nigeria: implications for preventing malaria in pregnancy.

This study aimed at assessing perceptions on use of ITNs in parts of the Imo River Basin, Nigeria and its implications in preventing malaria in pregnancy. Data was collected using focus group discussions, key informant interviews and structured questionnaires. Results showed high awareness on the benefits of ITNs.

Malaria infection in HIV/AIDS patients and its correlation with packed cell volume (PCV).

Background & Objectives: The study was designed: (i) to determine the prevalence of malaria parasites; (ii) to determine the relationship between parasitaemia and age/sex; (iii) to correlate the PCV levels with parasitaemia; and (iv) to determine the influence of protection against natural transmission on the prevalence of malaria.

Methods: Participants were recruited at the Plateau State Human Virology Research Laboratory (PLASVIREC), Robert Gallo House at the Plateau State Specialist Hospital, Jos and grouped into: (i) Malaria and HIV co-infection group (n = 64); and (ii) HIV infected group without concurrent malaria infection (n = 136). Standard laboratory procedures were used for the HIV and Plasmodium parasites screening, malaria parasite density, and packed cell volume.

Epidemiology and psycho-social aspects of onchocercal skin diseases in northeastern Nigeria.

Background: Observations were made on the prevalence of onchocerciasis and Onchocercal Skin Diseases (OSD); frequency of occurrence and anatomical distribution of OSD in the Hawal River Valley, an established onchocerciasis endemic focus in north-eastern Nigeria.

Methods: Symptoms of OSD were diagnosed in 5 844 subjects using Rapid Assessment Method (RAM) while 1 479 of the subjects chosen from alternate households had their skin biopsies examined for active microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus. Also, Focal Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted at the Health District levels.

Lymphatic filariasis among the Ezza people of Ebonyi State, eastern Nigeria.

A total of 1,243 Ezza people living in 10 communities of Ebonyi State, eastern Nigeria were examined between July 2002-January 2003 for lymphatic filariasis. This is the first time a filariasis survey due to Wuchereria bancrofti has been carried out in this state. Of the 1,243 persons examined, 210 (16.

Clinical and parasitological aspects of onchocercal skin diseases in Nigeria.

An assessment of onchocercal skin disease (OSD) conducted in 38 rural communities in the Imo River Basin, Nigeria, between March 1999 and September 2000, showed that depigmentation (DPM) was the most prevalent lesion in persons with skin microfilariae (mf) (26.3%), followed by chronic papular onchodermatitis (CPOD) (18.1%) and acute papular onchodermatitis (APOD) (15.

Prevalence of Mansonella perstans infections among the nomadic Fulanis of northern Nigeria.

The study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence and clinical manifestations of Mansonella perstans infection in the nomadic Fulanis of northern Nigeria. Physical examination of 755 consenting nomads for clinical manifestations of M. perstans infection was carried out between June 1996-September 2000.

Prevalence of parasitic diseases among nomadic Fulanis of south-eastern Nigeria.

A study was carried out to determine the prevalence of parasitic infections among the nomadic Fulanis of south-eastern Nigeria between September 2003-March 2004. Urine, stool and blood specimens were collected from each of 231 subjects. Of these, 98 (42.

Onchocerciasis in Imo state, Nigeria (2): the prevalence, intensity and distribution in the upper Imo river basin.

Human infection with Onchocerca volvulus was investigated in 13 rural communities in the Upper Imo River basin, Imo State, Nigeria between March 1997 and December 2000 using the skin snip method. Of the 3,311 persons examined, 889 (26.8%) had microfilariae.

A survey of predilection sites and degree of disability associated with guineaworm (Dracunculus medinensis).

Of the 1,200 people surveyed for dracontiasis in Ribi and Kanje villages in Awe Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria, 982 (82%) were infected. Most infections (98%) involved the lower limb. Worms emerging from the umbilicus, groin, palm, wrist, and upper arm were also encountered.

Prevalence of schistosomiasis and other intestinal helminth infections among senior primary school children in Makenene Sub-Division, Cameroon.

A study was carried out in four villages of Makenene Sub-Division some 85 km north-west of Yaounde, between November 1993 and March 1994 to assess the prevalence and intensity of schistosomes and other helminth infections among senior primary school pupils aged 9-16. An extensive questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic information and information on water-related activities. The overall prevalence of S.

Studies on filariasis in Bauchi State, Nigeria. 1. Endemicity of human onchocerciasis in Ningi Local Government Area.

The endemicity of human onchocerciasis was assessed in eight rural, at-risk communities in Ningi Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria, between July 1990 and March 1991. Of the 1536 subjects skin-snipped, 334 (21.7%) were positive for Onchocerca volvulus microfilariae.

A case of probable transplacental transmission of Wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae.

A case of transplacental transmission of Wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae is reported in endemic are of Bauchi State, Nigeria. The diagnosis was based on the history of illness, clinical symptoms, age of the child and presence of sheathed microfilariae of nocturnal periodic form of W. bancrofti in the peripheral blood films.

Studies on filariasis in Bauchi State, Nigeria. II. The prevalence of human filariasis in Darazo Local Government area.

In an eleven months study of eleven communities of Darazo Local Government Area of Bauchi state, northern Nigeria, 293 (21.7) of 1,349 persons examined harboured various filarial parasites. Of the sampled population, 18%, 1.

The ecology of animal parasitic nematodes in endemic areas of Jos, Nigeria.

A survey involving 3418 faecal samples collected from three areas of heavy human and animal activities in Jos, Nigeria showed that 2354 (68.9%) of the samples harboured various parasitic nematodes of man and animals. Altogether, twelve species of parasitic nematodes were encountered.

A probable case of vertical transmission of Onchocerca volvulus microfilariae.

A probable case of vertical transmission of Onchocerca volvulus microfilariae in Dass Bauchi State, Nigeria is presented. A 28-week-old male child delivered by a 39-year-old Fulani woman suffering from onchocerciasis was positive for O. volvulus microfilariae based on skin snip examinations.

Trichomoniasis amongst students of a higher institution in Nigeria.

A total of 2048 urine specimens were examined to assess the infection prevalence and epidemiological factors of T. vaginalis amongst students in a Nigerian higher institution. Five hundred and five students were infected (24.