Diode laser for harvesting de-epithelialized palatal graft in the treatment of gingival recession defects: a randomized clinical trial.

Aims: The aim of present randomized controlled clinical study was to evaluate the effects of the use of diode laser for graft harvesting and palatal wound irradiation on post-operative morbidity and root coverage outcomes after a coronally advanced flap (CAF) with de-epithelialized gingival grafts (DGG).

Methods: Fifty-two patients with isolated recessions were treated. The CTG resulted from the de-epithelialization of a free gingival graft (FGG) with blade (control group:DGG-B) or diode laser (DL) (test group:DGG-L).

The effect of a streptococci containing probiotic in periodontal therapy: a randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To evaluate the adjunctive effects of a Streptococcus oralis KJ3, Streptococcus uberis KJ2 and Streptococcus rattus JH145 containing probiotic tablet after scaling and root planing (SRP).

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight periodontitis patients were included in this double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. After root planing, patients used either a placebo or a probiotic tablet twice a day for 12 weeks.

Prediction of root coverage for single recessions in anterior teeth: a 6-month study.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive values of baseline inter-dental papilla height (IPH), loss of inter-dental papilla height (LPH), avascular exposed root surface area (AERSA) and inter-dental clinical attachment level (ICAL) measurements on complete root coverage (CRC) of single recession defects treated with coronally advanced flap and connective tissue graft technique (CAF+CTG).

Material & Methods: A total of 122 patients with one isolated gingival recession were enrolled. All recession defects without loss of ICAL (ID-CAL) (RT1) and with an amount of ID-CAL equal or smaller to the buccal attachment loss (RT2), located at upper and lower anterior teeth were treated with CAF+CTG.

An explorative study to develop a predictive model based on avascular exposed root surface area for root coverage after a laterally positioned flap.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the reliability of the avascular exposed root surface area (AERSA) as a prognostic test for gingival recessions (GRs) and to compare the predictive value of the avascular root surface area calculation and Miller classification on the final root-coverage outcomes.

Methods: Ninety-one patients with 91 isolated single GRs (32 Miller Class I, 29 Miller Class II, and 30 Miller Class III defects) located at the upper and lower incisors and canines were treated with a laterally positioned flap. Clinical parameters were recorded and correlated with the achievement of complete root coverage (CRC) after 6 months.

Laser-assisted laterally positioned flap operation: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Objective: The purpose of this randomized, controlled clinical trial was to compare the effectiveness of a new treatment approach, which consisted of laterally positioned flap (LPF) procedure combined with an external vestibular releasing incision made by a diode laser (LALPF) to LPF alone for the treatment of isolated gingival recession defects.

Methods: Thirty-two healthy patients presenting single Miller class II isolated gingival recessions with minimal loss of interdental papilla were treated with an LPF technique. Sixteen patients were randomly assigned to the test group (laser-assisted laterally positioned flap [LALPF]), and the other 16 patients were assigned to the control group (LPF).

Clinical and microbiological effects of Lactobacillus reuteri probiotics in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled study.

Aim: The aim of this randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus reuteri-containing probiotic lozenges as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP).

Material And Methods: Thirty chronic periodontitis patients were recruited and monitored clinically and microbiologically at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks after therapy. All patients received one-stage full-mouth disinfection and randomly assigned over a test (SRP + probiotic, n = 15) or control (SRP + placebo, n = 15) group.

Role of 3D animation in periodontal patient education: a randomized controlled trial.

Aim: This randomized controlled parallel trial investigates the effect of 3D animation on the increase and recall of knowledge on periodontitis by patients with periodontitis. The effects of a 3D animation (3D animation group) were compared with narration and drawing (control group) for periodontal patient education.

Material And Methods: A total of 68 periodontitis patients were stratified according to educational level and then randomly allocated to control or 3D animation groups.

Inter-bacterial correlations in subgingival biofilms: a large-scale survey.

Aim: Although the complexity of the oral ecology and the ecological differences between health and disease are well accepted, a clear view on the dynamics in relation to disease is lacking. In this study, the prevalence and abundance of 20 key oral bacteria was assessed in health and disease and more importantly a closer look was given to the inter-bacterial relationships.

Materials And Methods: A blinded microbiological database was analysed in this cross-sectional, retrospective study.

Periodontal disease in men.

In relation to periodontal diseases associated with sex-steroid hormones, men have been the forgotten sex. It is not surprising that there has been less scrutiny of the effects of sex-steroid hormones in men considering the more striking changes that occur in women during different periods of their life. Despite the gingival inflammatory changes reported in women, men have been reported to have a higher prevalence of destructive periodontal diseases.

Coronally advanced flap adjunct with low intensity laser therapy: a randomized controlled clinical pilot study.

Aim: Coronally advanced flap (CAF) technique and its modifications have been proposed in the literature. Low intensity laser therapy (LILT) is shown to increase wound healing. The aim of this split-mouth randomized controlled pilot study was to assess the effects of LILT with respect to root coverage after CAF procedure for the treatment of multiple-recession type defects (MRTD).

Treatment of multiple gingival recessions using a coronally advanced flap procedure combined with button application.

Aim: The purpose of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of a new treatment approach, which consists of coronally advanced flap (CAF) procedure combined with orthodontic button application (CAF+B) for the treatment of multiple recession-type defects in patients with aesthetic demands.

Materials And Methods: Forty-one healthy subjects presenting at least three adjacent Miller Class I or II multiple gingival recessions were treated with a CAF technique. Twenty-one patients were randomly assigned to the test group, and the other 20 patients were assigned to the control group.

Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene polymorphisms in Turkish patients with localized aggressive periodontitis.

Localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) is a complex multifactorial periodontal disease to which genetic factors are thought to predispose individuals. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) are potent immunomodulators and proinflammatory cytokines that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and infectious diseases and proposed to be risk factors for LAgP. Our aim was to investigate IL-1 alpha (+4845), IL-1 beta (+3954), and TNF-alpha (-308) gene polymorphisms in Turkish LAgP patients.

Improved wound healing by low-level laser irradiation after gingivectomy operations: a controlled clinical pilot study.

Aim: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) may induce morphological, molecular and cellular processes, which are involved in wound healing. The aim of this split-mouth controlled clinical trial was to assess the effects of LLLT on healing of gingiva after gingivectomy and gingivoplasty.

Material And Methods: Twenty patients with inflammatory gingival hyperplasias on their symmetrical teeth were included in this study.

The immunohistochemical analysis of vascular endothelial growth factors A and C and microvessel density in gingival tissues of systemic sclerosis patients: their possible effects on gingival inflammation.

Objective: In systemic sclerosis (SSC), certain abnormalities can occur in fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune system cells. Severe pathological changes such as visceral fibrosis and obliteration of the lumen of arteries may develop due to functional alterations of these cells. Because the vascular abnormality is a central mechanism of sclerosis, the aim of this study was to further investigate the impaired vascularity in the gingival tissues of SSC patients by means of immunohistochemistry using vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), VEGF-C, and CD34 staining.

Enamel matrix derivative and low-level laser therapy in the treatment of intra-bony defects: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate post-operative pain, wound healing and clinical results after the application of an enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) alone or combined with a low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for the treatment of deep intra-bony defects.

Material And Methods: This study was an intra-individual longitudinal test of 12 months' duration conducted using a blinded, split-mouth, placebo-controlled and randomized design. In 22 periodontitis patients, one intra-bony defect was randomly treated with EMD+LLLT, while EMD alone was applied to the contra-lateral defect site.

Epileptic seizures triggered by the use of a powered toothbrush.

Background: Reflex epilepsy is characterized by seizures that are triggered in response to a specific stimulus and tooth-brushing epilepsy is an extremely rare form of reflex epilepsy in which the seizures are mainly induced by the act of tooth brushing. In this report, we describe an epilepsy patient whose seizures were exclusively triggered by the use of a powered toothbrush.

Methods And Results: A 31-year old female had been treated for partial epilepsy of left temporal or frontal lobe for 20 years and she did not have seizures for the last 3 years.

Immediate post-operative effects of different periodontal treatment modalities on oral health-related quality of life: a randomized clinical trial.

Aim: Oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) characterizes a person's perception of how oral health influences an individual's life quality. The aim of this study is to investigate how the treatment modalities may affect the immediate post-operative quality of life of patients with periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: Sixty psychologically and socio-demographically matched periodontitis patients were randomly divided into three groups [20 non-surgical (NS), 20 surgical (SG), 20 surgical plus enamel matrix protein derivative (S+EMD)].

Combined treatment approach of gingivectomy and CO2 laser for cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth.

The aim of this report is to present a combined treatment approach with gingivectomy and CO2 laser for the management of cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth in 4 cases. Four renal transplant patients were surgically treated for marked gingival overgrowth by means of gingivectomy and CO2 laser. Postoperatively, all patients were followed for bleeding, pain, infection during the early healing period, and recurrence of gingival overgrowth for 12 months.

The phenotypic overlap of syndromes associated with hereditary gingival fibromatosis: follow-up of a family for five years.

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is characterized by the slowly progressive fibrous enlargement of gingival tissue. It usually develops as an isolated disorder but can also be one feature of various syndromes. The currently preferred terminology of these syndromes mainly describes the clinical features of the disorder without identifying the cause.

Evaluation of patient perceptions after frenectomy operations: a comparison of carbon dioxide laser and scalpel techniques.

Background: A frenum that encroaches on the margin of the gingiva may interfere with plaque removal and cause tension. Frenectomy is the complete removal of the frenum that can be made by scalpels or with soft tissue lasers. The aim of this article was to compare the degree of postoperative pain, such as discomfort and functional complications (eating and speech), experienced by patients after two frenectomy operation techniques.

The effects of anabolic androgenic steroid abuse on gingival tissues.

Background: Anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) is the familiar name for synthetic derivatives of the male sex hormone, testosterone. A large number of young adults abuse AAS to enhance performance and physical appearance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of AAS abuse on the gingival tissues in a group of bodybuilders and weight lifters.

Oral challenge test for the diagnosis of gingival hypersensitivity to apple: a case report.

Food intolerance is the term used to describe a hypersensitivity reaction to a food component. These reactions refer to the drug-like side effects caused by a range of chemicals that may be present in food as natural or added components. The range of symptoms which can be induced by food intolerance are very similar to those caused by food allergy, oral allergy syndrome, acute infectious diseases and vesiculobullous disorders; so that on initial presentation, it can be difficult to differentiate between these conditions.

Iatrogenic trauma to oral tissues.

Background: Iatrogenic trauma can be defined as any trauma that has been induced by the dentist's activity, manner, or therapy. The aim of this article is to present traumatic oral tissue lesions of iatrogenic origin.

Methods: Thirteen cases of chemical (due to ferric sulfate and formocresol), physical (due to orthodontic wires and appliances), and thermal (due to electrosurgery) injuries to the oral tissues are reported.