The impact of femoral/internal jugular vein selection on postoperative infection in central vein cannulation of newborns undergoing cardiac surgery.

In the low-weight newborn patient group, the development of catheter related bloodstream infections after cardiac surgery significantly impacts morbidity and mortality. In our study, the effects of choosing femoral or internal jugular vein localization in newborns on postoperative infection will be examined. Our hypothesis is that there may be a higher risk of catheter related bloodstream infections in the femoral region.

Crosstalk among miR-29, α-SMA, and TGFβ1/β3 in melatonin-induced exosome (Mel-prExo) treated human limbal mesenchymal stem cells (hLMSCs): An insight into scarless healing of the cornea.

Inflammatory mediators that infiltrate the corneal stroma after corneal infections, trauma or refractive surgery can trigger the transformation of corneal keratocytes into myofibroblasts, resulting in highly irregular collagen deposition and subsequently corneal scarring. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used as therapeutic agents to regenerate corneal and conjunctival tissue damage, regulate inflammation, and reduce the development of limbal stem cell failure. The use of MSC-derived exosomes as a cell-free therapeutic vector is a novel therapeutic approach.

Investigation of the Role of Convolutional Neural Network Architectures in the Diagnosis of Glaucoma using Color Fundus Photography.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures to distinguish eyes with glaucoma from normal eyes.

Materials And Methods: A total of 9,950 fundus photographs of 5,388 patients from the database of Eskişehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine Ophthalmology Clinic were labelled as glaucoma, glaucoma suspect, or normal by three different experienced ophthalmologists. The categorized fundus photographs were evaluated using a state-of-the-art two-dimensional CNN and compared with deep residual networks (ResNet) and very deep neural networks (VGG).

Biometric Determinants of Epithelial Thickness Profile Across a Wide Range of Refractive Errors.

Introduction: To evaluate the corneal epithelial thickness (CET) profiles and their correlations with axial length (AL) and anterior corneal radius of curvature (Rm F) across different refractive error groups.

Methods: A total of 1225 eyes of 616 normal patients were included. CET mapping, AL, and Rm F were obtained using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, optical biometry, and Scheimpflug corneal tomography, respectively.

Superiority of Baseline Biomechanical Properties over Corneal Tomography in Predicting Keratoconus Progression.

Objectives: To determine corneal biomechanical and tomographic factors associated with keratoconus (KC) progression.

Materials And Methods: This study included 111 eyes of 111 KC patients who were followed-up for at least 1 year. Progression was defined as the presence of progressive change between the first two consecutive baseline visits in any single parameter (A, B, or C) ≥95% confidence interval or two parameters ≥80% confidence interval for the KC population evaluated by the Belin ABCD progression display.

Belin ABCD Progression Display Identifies Keratoconus Progression Earlier Than Conventional Metrics.

Purpose: To compare the progression rate and time to progression determined using the Belin ABCD Progression Display (BAPD) with conventional metrics in patients with keratoconus (KC).

Design: Retrospective comparison of progression assessment.

Methods: Patients 18 years and older and 35 years and younger with at least 1 year of follow-up and 3 Pentacam (Oculus, Inc) visits were included in the study.

Risk factors for hypertensive phase after Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation.

Purpose: To investigate the risk factors and the clinical characteristics of the hypertensive phase (HP) after Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation.

Methods: This retrospective study included 60 eyes of 57 patients who underwent AGV implantation and with at least 1-year follow-up. HP was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) > 21 mmHg in the first 3 months after the surgery.

[Three Candida auris Case Reports from Istanbul, Turkey].

Candida auris is a fungal pathogen that was first identified in 2009. Since its definition, it has spread globally and has caused life-threatening nosocomial infections. Increases in the number of immunocompromised individuals, empirical use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials and widespread use of catheterizations are the predisposing factors in the development of infection.

Awareness and Attitudes Toward Cornea Donation in a Turkish Population: A Web-Based Survey.

Objectives: With low supply and high demand for donor corneas, we surveyed Turkish participants on level of knowledge, awareness, and willingness toward cornea donation.

Materials And Methods: Our prepared internet-based questionnaire on awareness and attitudes toward cornea donation was structured into 6 parts (parts 1-2 examined socio-demographic data and existing chronic eye diseases, parts 3-4 evaluated level of knowledge on cornea donation and willingness to donate, parts 5-6 questioned whether level of cornea donation was sufficient within the country). For univariate analyses, the chi-square test (Fisher exact where appropriate) was used.

The relationship of retinopathy of prematurity with brain-derivated neurotrophic factor, vascular endotelial growth factor-A, endothelial PAD domain protein 1 and nitric oxide synthase 3 gene polymorphisms.

Background: In addition to risk factors such as low birth weight and uncontrolled oxygen therapy, genetic predisposition is also thought to play a role in the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). In our study, we aimed to analyze single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in and genes in infants who develop ROP.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-five mild-moderate and 73 severe ROP cases were included in this study.

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of keratoconus.

Keratoconus had traditionally been considered a rare disease at a time when the imaging technology was inept in detecting subtle manifestations, resulting in more severe disease at presentation. The increased demand for refractive surgery in recent years also made it essential to more effectively detect keratoconus before attempting any ablative procedure. Consequently, the armamentarium of tools that can be used to diagnose and treat keratoconus has significantly expanded.

Prevalence and risk factors for keratoconus in a university-based population in Turkey.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of keratoconus (KC) in the students and faculty members (aged ≥18 and ≤30 years) studying/working at the Medical and Health Sciences faculties of Eskişehir Osmangazi University.

Setting: Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.

Design: Prevalence study.

Distribution of Microbial Keratitis After Penetrating Keratoplasty According to Early and Late Postoperative Periods.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of microbial agents in the early and late postoperative periods in patients with microbial keratitis (MK) after penetrating keratoplasty (PK).

Materials And Methods: The records of 36 patients who were clinically diagnosed as having MK after PK were retrospectively reviewed. Culture results were obtained from microbiology records and the organisms that were produced were noted.

The Relationship Between Vasoproliferative Tumor and Uveitis in a Multiple Sclerosis Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Vasoproliferative retinal tumor (VPRT) is a rare, benign lesion with a variable clinical course depending on the individual. Favorable outcomes are obtained with early diagnosis and treatment of patients with VPRT. In this case report, we present a case of concomitant VPRT and multiple sclerosis along with our management of uveitis and secondary glaucoma that presumably developed following cryotherapy for VPRT.

A Combined Biomechanical and Tomographic Model for Identifying Cases of Subclinical Keratoconus.

Purpose: To develop a combined biomechanical and tomographic model for identifying eyes with subclinical keratoconus (SKC) that are categorized as normal or borderline in the Pentacam Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display.

Methods: This case-control study comprised 62 eyes with SKC and randomly selected eyes of 186 age-matched healthy controls. SKC was defined as the presence of the following: 1) normal topography, topometric indices, and slit lamp; 2) normal or borderline Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display D index, back and front elevation difference; and 3) keratoconus in the fellow eye.

Assessment of Phosphate and Osmolarity Levels in Chronically Administered Eye Drops.

Objectives: To assess phosphate and osmolarity levels of chronically administered eye drops commercially available in Turkey.

Materials And Methods: A total of 53 topical eye drops including 18 antiglaucoma drugs, 4 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 10 corticosteroids, 7 antihistaminics, and 14 artificial tears identified using the Vademecum Modern Medications Guideline (2018) were included in the study. Phosphate levels were assessed using Roche Cobas C501 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) and the respective kits.

Corneal elevation changes after forced eyelid closure in healthy participants and in patients with keratoconus.

Background: To assess pointwise corneal elevation changes after forced eyelid closure test (FECT) in the eyes of healthy subjects and in eyes with keratoconus.

Methods: Twenty-nine subjects with keratoconus and 31 healthy volunteers were evaluated. Patients with keratoconus who had corneal hydrops, apical scarring, corneal thickness ≤ 400 μm, ocular surface disease, contact lens wear on the examination day and a history of corneal cross-linking were excluded.