Integrating Retinal Segmentation Metrics with Machine Learning for Predictions from Mouse SD-OCT Scans.

Purpose: This study aimed to initially test whether machine learning approaches could categorically predict two simple biological features, mouse age and mouse species, using the retinal segmentation metrics.

Methods: The retinal layer thickness data obtained from C57BL/6 and DBA/2J mice were processed for machine learning after segmenting mouse retinal SD-OCT scans. Twenty-two models were trained to predict the mouse groups.

The role of Perifoveal Arteriolar Tortuosity in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) images as an early indicator of hypertensive retinopathy.

Purpose: To assess the value of increased perifoveal retinal vascular tortuosity in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images as a biomarker of early hypertensive retinopathy and compare its clinical sensitivity and accuracy with traditional morphological changes used for Scheie classification.

Methods: OCTA images of 81 eyes (40 eyes from 20 hypertensive subjects and 41 eyes from 21 control subjects) were obtained retrospectively. Hypertensive retinopathy changes in randomized eyes were graded according to the Scheie classification, and perifoveal vessels were traced in a masked fashion.

Colorimetric Analyses of the Optic Nerve Head and Retina Indicate Increased Blood Flow After Vitrectomy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of vitrectomy and posterior hyaloid (PH) peeling on color alteration of optic nerve head (ONH) and retina as a surrogate biomarker of induced perfusion changes.

Methods: Masked morphometric and colorimetric analyses were conducted on preoperative (<1 month) and postoperative (<18 months) color fundus photographs of 54 patients undergoing vitrectomy, either with (44) or without (10) PH peeling and 31 years of age and gender-matched control eyes. Images were calibrated according to the hue and saturation values of the parapapillary venous blood column.

cFLIP in the molecular regulation of astroglia-driven neuroinflammation in experimental glaucoma.

Background: Recent experimental studies of neuroinflammation in glaucoma pointed to cFLIP as a molecular switch for cell fate decisions, mainly regulating cell type-specific caspase-8 functions in cell death and inflammation. This study aimed to determine the importance of cFLIP for regulating astroglia-driven neuroinflammation in experimental glaucoma by analyzing the outcomes of astroglia-targeted transgenic deletion of cFLIP or cFLIP.

Methods: Glaucoma was modeled by anterior chamber microbead injections to induce ocular hypertension in mouse lines with or without conditional deletion of cFLIP or cFLIP in astroglia.

Automated Category and Trend Analysis of Scientific Articles on Ophthalmology Using Large Language Models: Development and Usability Study.

Background: In this paper, we present an automated method for article classification, leveraging the power of large language models (LLMs).

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the applicability of various LLMs based on textual content of scientific ophthalmology papers.

Methods: We developed a model based on natural language processing techniques, including advanced LLMs, to process and analyze the textual content of scientific papers.

Effect of retrobulbar prostaglandin analog injection on orbital fat in rats.

Purpose: Periorbital fat atrophy is a known side effect of topical prostaglandin analogs (PA). This side effect may have implications in the treatment of diseases like thyroid orbitopathy. In this in vivo study we aimed to evaluate the effects of retrobulbar injection of three different PAs on orbital fat.

Retinal Hydration Assessment With Optical Coherence Tomography: Unraveling Its Significance in Retinal Fluid Dynamics, Macular Edema and Cell Viability.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify retinal hydration (RH) levels with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and determine the extent of cellular damage resulting from intraretinal fluid alterations.

Methods: We took 6.0 mm sections of the human sensory retina that were excised from 18 fresh (<24 hours) donor eyes.

The role of choroidal optical coherence tomography for follow-up of carotid cavernous fistula with anterior drainage.

Background: To evaluate the role of the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) and the tortuosity index (TI), along with choroidal thickness measurements, in follow-up for anteriorly draining carotid cavernous fistulas (CCF) that would otherwise necessitate an invasive carotid angiogram.

Methods: In this longitudinal observational study, analysis of enhanced depth imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-EDI-OCT) images of 22 patients with angiographically proven unilateral CCF with anterior drainage was performed for subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), central foveal thickness (CFT), CVI and TI. Baseline measurements were compared with those taken at the last visit after occlusion of the fistula.

Analysis of the choroidal vascularity in asymmetric pseudoexfoliative glaucoma using optical coherence tomography-based image binarization.

Purpose: To analyse choroidal vascular properties using an image binarization tool in patients with asymmetric pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG) and compare them with healthy individuals.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 144 eyes of 96 patients. The eyes were divided into three groups: 48 glaucomatous eyes and 48 non-glaucomatous contralateral eyes with no clinically observable pseudoexfoliation material of patients with asymmetric PXG, and 48 control eyes.

Peripapillary and macular choroidal vascularity index in patients with clinically unilateral pseudoexfoliation syndrome.

Purpose: To investigate choroidal vascular changes using an image binarization tool in patients with clinically unilateral pseudoexfoliation syndrome (XFS).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 150 eyes of 100 patients. The eyes were divided into three groups: (1) 50 affected eyes of patients with clinically unilateral XFS; (2) 50 unaffected fellow eyes; and (3) 50 healthy control eyes.

Retinal and Choroidal Optical Coherence Tomography Findings of Carotid Cavernous Fistula.

Purpose: To define the retinal and choroidal imaging findings of carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) including central foveal thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness, choroidal vascularity index (CVI) parameters, and tortuosity indexes (TIs) as compared to a control group (CG).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Materials And Methods: The spectral domain enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography images of 19 eyes of 19 consecutive patients with angiographically proven CCF and 19 eyes of 19 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were included.

Determination of Ophthalmic Drug Proparacaine Using Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube Paste Electrode by Square Wave Stripping Voltammetry.

Proparacaine, one of the most common local anesthetics to facilitate diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases, was assayed by square wave voltammetry using a paste electrode prepared with carbon nanotubes. In cyclic voltammetric studies, proparacaine has exhibited a single irreversible anodic peak at around + 900 mV vs. Ag/AgCl in pH 6.

Is macular pigment optical density really involved in fixation preference?

Purpose: To evaluate macular pigment optical density in healthy children and to compare the values with those of strabismic children with respect to fixation preference.

Methods: The study recruited 54 healthy and 41 strabismic children. Two groups were matched in terms of gestational age, birth weight, and body mass index.

Retrospective analysis of primarily treated group D retinoblastoma.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC), intravenous chemotherapy (IVC), and their combination in the management of group D retinoblastoma.

Methods: This was a retrospective, interventional, comparative, and non-randomized clinical study, including all eyes with primarily treated group D retinoblastoma managed in a single institution from February 2010 to July 2016. Patient demographics, treatment modality (primary enucleation, intravenous chemotherapy, intra-arterial chemotherapy alone or intravenous, and intra-arterial chemotherapy), additional need for consolidation treatments or intravitreal melphalan (IVM) injections, and follow-up time were recorded.