Pre-exercise isomaltulose intake affects carbohydrate oxidation reduction during endurance exercise and maximal power output in the subsequent Wingate test.

Background: Ingestion of low-glycemic index (GI) isomaltulose (ISO) not only suppresses subsequent carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation but also inversely retains more CHO after prolonged endurance exercise. Therefore, ISO intake may affect anaerobic power output after prolonged endurance exercise. This study aimed to clarify the time course of CHO utilization during endurance exercise after a single intake of ISO or sucrose (SUC) and the anaerobic power output at the end of endurance exercise.

High-Efficiency Sky Blue-To-Green Fluorescent Emitters Based on 3-Pyridinecarbonitrile Derivatives.

The pyridinecarbonitrile derivative is well known as an acceptor unit in fluorescent materials. However, its use in thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters is very limited compared with its benzenecarbonitrile counterparts. Very recently, we developed a series of 4-pyridinecarbonitrile, so-called isonicotinonitrile derivatives, as a highly efficient sky blue-to-green TADF emitters realizing low-drive-voltage organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs).

A Series of Dibenzofuran-Based n-Type Exciplex Host Partners Realizing High-Efficiency and Stable Deep-Red Phosphorescent OLEDs.

Deep-red to near-infrared (NIR) OLEDs, which yield emission peak wavelengths beyond λ=660 nm, are applicable as unique light sources in plant growth or health monitoring systems. Compared with other visible-spectrum OLEDs, however, research in the field of deep-red OLEDs is not as advanced. In this work, three new types of dibenzofuran-based host materials are developed as n-type exciplex host partners.

Unique Solid-State Emission Behavior of Aromatic Difluoroboronated β-Diketones as an Emitter in Organic Light-Emitting Devices.

Aromatic difluoroboronated β-diketone (BF DK) derivatives are a widely known class of luminescent organic materials that exhibit high photoluminescent quantum efficiency and unique aggregation-dependent fluorescence behavior. However, there have been only a few reports on their use in solid-state electronic devices, such as organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). Herein, we investigated the solid-state properties and OLED performance of a series of π-extended BF DK derivatives that have previously been shown to exhibit intense fluorescence in the solution state.

High Power Efficiency Blue-to-Green Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Isonicotinonitrile-Based Fluorescent Emitters.

Herein, 9,10-dihydro-9,9-dimethylacridine (Ac) or phenoxazine (PXZ)-substituted isonicotinonitrile (INN) derivatives, denoted as 2AcINN, 26AcINN, and 26PXZINN, were developed as a series of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. These emitters showed reasonably high photoluminescence quantum yields of 71-79 % in the host films and high power efficiency organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Sky-blue emitter 26AcINN exhibited a low turn-on voltage of 2.

Glycerin esterification of scum derived free fatty acids for biodiesel production.

Scum is an oily waste stream of the wastewater treatment process that can be used to produce biodiesel. Combining acid hydrolysis and solvent extraction, a free fatty acid and acyl-glycerol rich product was produced. Free fatty acids (FFAs) present were converted to acyl-glycols via a high temperature (238°C) glycerin esterification process known as glycerolysis.

[Value of the palliative prognostic index, controlling nutritional status, and prognostic nutritional index for objective evaluation during transition from chemotherapy to palliative care in cases of advanced or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer].

Objective: We investigated whether objective evaluation by using the palliative prognostic index(PPI), controlling nutritional status(COUNT), and prognostic nutritional index(PNI)can provide prognostic information during the transition from chemotherapy to palliative care in patients with advanced or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer.

Methods: The subjects were 28 patients with gastrointestinal cancer who died of their disease between January 2009 and June 2012. We compared the PPI, COUNT, and PNI scores between patients who died within 90 days of completing chemotherapy(Group A, n=14)and patients who survived for 90 or more days(Group B, n=14).

Role of pediatric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in an era stressing less-invasive imaging modalities.

Background: The significance of pediatric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) according to age or disease variation is inconclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of pediatric ERCP in diagnosing or treating small children with pancreaticobiliary disorders, including choledochal cyst (CC) and biliary atresia (BA).

Methods: From 1980 to 2011, 235 ERCPs were performed in 220 pediatric patients (median age, 2 years) at our institution.

[A case of cytokeratin 19 positive extramammary Paget's disease with pulmonary metastases].

An 82-year-old woman was admitted because of progressing cough and dyspnea. Two years prior to admission, she had undergone an operation for extramammary Paget's disease which resected the primary lesion, the left labium majora, and ipsilateral inguinal and obturator lymph nodes. Thoracic images showed diffuse infiltrative shadows and bilateral effusions.

Improvement of energy-conversion efficiency from laser to proton beam in a laser-foil interaction.

Improvement of energy-conversion efficiency from laser to proton beam is demonstrated by particle simulations in a laser-foil interaction. When an intense short-pulse laser illuminates the thin-foil target, the foil electrons are accelerated around the target by the ponderomotive force. The hot electrons generate a strong electric field, which accelerates the foil protons, and the proton beam is generated.

[Effects of visual features of a weapon on eyewitnesses' cognitive processing].

This study examines the hypothesis that a knife attracts witnesses' attention because of its pointed shape. In Experiment 1, 60 participants were shown a picture of a kitchen scene in which a woman held one of three items: a pointed knife, a square-shaped knife, or a detergent spray bottle. The weapon focus effect was measured by the recognition of details related to the object.

[How does the emotionality of the witnessed event affect the source monitoring ability?].

This study investigated if emotionality affects the occurrence of source misattribution, which seems to be the most valid mechanism of misinformation effect. A half of 120 participants saw an emotionally stressful videotaped movie, and the other half a neutral one. Then, they answered the questionnaire, which included misinformation about the details of the movie.

[The effect of negative emotion on eyewitness functional field of view].

This study examined whether the functional field of view was shrunk by negative emotion. The functional field of view was determined in terms of the number detection task, in which a number presented for a brief exposure peripherally in one of the four video screen corners. Participants watched either negative emotional or neutral event on the screen.

[Clinical evaluation of granisetron (BRL43694) in nausea and vomiting induced by anticancer drugs--pediatrics].

Granisetron has been used widely for the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with anticancer drugs in adult patients with cancer. This multi-center open study was conducted to study the efficacy, safety and usefulness of granisetron in children with cancer. Among 166 evaluable patients, the efficacy rate (percentage of "remarkably effective" or "effective") was 84.

[Evaluation of the FREEDOM O2, DC Concentrator, a portable oxygen concentrator capable of operating under car battery power].

Unlabelled: The FREEDOM O2 DC Concentrator, an oxygen concentrator which can be powered by a car battery, was evaluated. The oxygen concentrator was used by a 67 year-old man with sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis who was receiving long-term oxygen therapy at home (HOT), and whose work required automobile trips over long distances. The equipment used was an adsorption-type oxygen concentrator capable of operating on a DC 12 V power supply, and which can be powered from a residential power outlet (AC 100 V) using a dedicated voltage converter.

Autologous bone marrow transplantation in children with advanced neuroblastoma.

Background: Encouraging results have been reported with high dose chemotherapy and total body radiation followed by bone marrow autotransplantation in children with advanced neuroblastoma; however, relapse remains a significant problem.

Methods: The authors treated 22 children with advanced neuroblastoma with high dose chemotherapy, surgery, intraoperative radiation, and a bone marrow autotransplant (treated in vitro to remove tumor cells) followed by 13-cis-retinoic acid.

Results: The 3-year relapse rate was 25% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6-44%).

[Albumin and fibronectin dynamics in an experimental adult respiratory distress syndrome model].

We produced an experimental adult respiratory distress syndrome model by intravenous administration of oleic acid (OA) in 30 dogs (Group I: 10 normal dogs; Group II: 10 dogs with 0.02 ml/kg of OA; Group III: 10 dogs with 0.04 ml/kg of OA; Group IV: 10 dogs with 0.

[Estimation of pulmonary vascular permeability by indocyanine green in permeability pulmonary edema].

In this study we attempted to estimate pulmonary vascular permeability by indocyanine green (ICG). Permeability pulmonary edema was produced in 9 adult dogs by injecting 0.08 ml/kg oleic acid.

Exercise-loaded blood pressure and Li-Na countertransport system in the erythrocyte membrane as predictors of mild essential hypertension prognosis.

1. The blood pressure response to exercise loading, Na concentration in the erythrocyte and Li-Na countertransport (Li-Na CT) system in the erythrocyte membrane in 40 male volunteers and 98 patients with mild essential hypertension were investigated. Subjects were divided into a juvenile group (less than 36 years) and a middle-aged (greater than 36 years and less than 65 years) group.

Oxygen Isotope Fractionation between Minerals and an Estimate of the Temperature of Formation.

Oxygen isotopic compositions of separated minerals from three type A and four type B rocks are very uniform. The delta(18)O values are: plagioclase, 6.20; clinopyroxene, 5.