Protocol of the Nutritional, Psychosocial, and Environmental Determinants of Neurodevelopment and Child Mental Health (COINCIDE) study.

Background: Over 250 million children are developing sub-optimally due to their exposure to early life adversities. While previous studies have examined the effects of nutritional status, psychosocial adversities, and environmental pollutants on children's outcomes, little is known about their interaction and cumulative effects.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the independent, interaction, and cumulative effects of nutritional, psychosocial, and environmental factors on children's cognitive development and mental health in urban and rural India.

Correction: Psychosocial and sociodemographic factors associated with gestational blood glucose levels in women attending public hospitals: Results from baseline of MAASTHI cohort.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Practices and outcomes of responsive caregiving on child neurodevelopment and mental health across diverse global populations: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Responsive caregiving (RC) leads to positive outcomes in children, including secure attachment with caregivers, emotional regulation, positive social interactions and cognitive development. Through our scoping review, we aim to summarise the practices and outcomes of RC in diverse caregiver and child populations from 0 to 8 years.

Methods And Analysis: We will use the Arksey and O'Malley framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews.

Psychosocial and sociodemographic factors associated with gestational blood glucose levels in women attending public hospitals: Results from baseline of MAASTHI cohort.

Background: Understanding psychosocial environment is important for improving maternal and fetal health outcomes during pregnancy. We aimed to identify the association between gestational blood glucose levels and psychosocial and demographic factors in pregnant women.

Methods: In the MAASTHI pregnancy cohort in Bengaluru, we assessed depressive symptoms, and social support using validated scales at baseline in first trimester.

Health needs assessment for the double burden of malnutrition: a community-based study on nutrition facilitators and barriers in rural Tanzania.

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore nutrition-related health needs, the perceptions and beliefs regarding the double burden of malnutrition, as well as barriers and facilitators in accessing nutritious food among the local population in rural Tanzania.

Design: A qualitative study design using semi-structured individual interviews and focus-group discussions (FGD) was used. Basic socio-demographic information was obtained from all participants.

Antibiotics versus placebo for acute bacterial conjunctivitis.

Background: Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is an infection of the conjunctiva and is one of the most common ocular disorders in primary care. Antibiotics are generally prescribed on the basis that they may speed recovery, reduce persistence, and prevent keratitis. However, many cases of acute bacterial conjunctivitis are self-limited, resolving without antibiotic therapy.

How do tobacco control policies work in low-income and middle-income countries? A realist synthesis.

Background: The burden of tobacco use is disproportionately high in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). There is scarce theorisation on what works with respect to implementation of tobacco control policies in these settings. Given the complex nature of tobacco control policy implementation, diversity in outcomes of widely implemented policies and the defining role of the context, we conducted a realist synthesis to examine tobacco control policy implementation in LMICs.

Implementation research for taking tobacco control policies to scale in India: a realist evaluation study protocol.

Introduction: There are ongoing policies and programs to reduce tobacco use and minimise the associated health burden in India. However, there are several challenges in practice leading to different outcomes across Indian states. Inadequate understanding of how national tobacco control policies achieve their results under varied circumstances obstruct the implementation and scaling up of effective strategies.

Effectiveness of an exercise training programme COPD in primary care: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation is very effective in improving exercise capacity, dyspnea and quality of life in the small group of patients with moderate to severe COPD. Given that little is known about exercise training in the large group of patients with mild to moderate COPD, we assessed the effectiveness of an exercise training programme in primary care.

Methods: In this RCT, 90 patients with mild to moderate COPD (FEV 74.

Validation of the Dutch version of the primary care resources and support for self-management tool: A tool to assess the quality of self-management support.

Introduction: Enhancing the self-management activities of patients improves the quality of care and is an integrated element of current healthcare provision. However, self-management support (SMS) is not yet common in healthcare. The Primary Care Resources and Support for Self-Management (PCRS) is a tool for healthcare professionals to assess the quality of SMS.

Lessons Learned From a Living Lab on the Broad Adoption of eHealth in Primary Health Care.

Background: Electronic health (eHealth) solutions are considered to relieve current and future pressure on the sustainability of primary health care systems. However, evidence of the effectiveness of eHealth in daily practice is missing. Furthermore, eHealth solutions are often not implemented structurally after a pilot phase, even if successful during this phase.

Healthcare financing systems for increasing the use of tobacco dependence treatment.

Background: Tobacco smoking is the leading preventable cause of death worldwide, which makes it essential to stimulate smoking cessation. The financial cost of smoking cessation treatment can act as a barrier to those seeking support. We hypothesised that provision of financial assistance for people trying to quit smoking, or reimbursement of their care providers, could lead to an increased rate of successful quit attempts.

Barriers and facilitators influencing self-management among COPD patients: a mixed methods exploration in primary and affiliated specialist care.

Self-management is becoming increasingly important in COPD health care although it remains difficult to embed self-management into routine clinical care. The implementation of self-management is understood as a complex interaction at the level of patient, health care provider (HCP), and health system. Nonetheless there is still a poor understanding of the barriers and effective facilitators.

Erratum: An innovative COPD early detection programme in general practice: evaluating barriers to implementation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/npjpcrm.2014.

Internet Services for Communicating With the General Practice: Barely Noticed and Used by Patients.

Background: The Netherlands is one of the frontrunners of eHealth in Europe. Many general practices offer Internet services, which can be used by patients to communicate with their general practice. In promoting and implementing such services, it is important to gain insight into patients' actual use and intention toward using.

Early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): the role of spirometry as a diagnostic tool in primary care.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is common and often undiagnosed in its early stages, especially in smokers, who are also most at risk. Patients can develop severe or very severe disease before they consult a physician. It is therefore important to identify patients at-risk of COPD and check their lung function regularly since early stage disease is often asymptomatic or mistaken for asthma.

COPD: The role of primary care in effective diagnosis, treatment and management.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global problem and its prevalence is increasing; yet under- or misdiagnosis is widespread, possibly due to clinical misinterpretation of symptoms, or lack of symptom reporting by patients. Increasing awareness of COPD, and the implementation of effective screening programmes and treatment strategies in primary care could significantly improve management of the disease.