Incidence, outcomes, and risk factors of postlaparoscopic subcutaneous emphysema: a historical cohort study.

Purpose: Subcutaneous emphysema is a common complication of laparoscopic surgery. We aimed to determine the incidence, outcomes, and risk factors of postlaparoscopic subcutaneous emphysema.

Methods: We conducted a single-centre historical cohort study of adult patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery at Kagoshima University Hospital between 1 April 2018 and 31 March 2021.

Effect of Residual Pain After Posterior Fusion Surgery for Lumbar Degenerative Disorders on Health-Related Quality of Life: A Two-Year Follow-Up Using Patient-Reported Outcome Measures.

Study Design: This is a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of residual pain after fusion surgery for lumbar degenerative diseases on quality of life (QOL).

Overview Of Literature: Residual symptoms after spinal surgery often restrict patients' activities of daily living and reduce their QOL.

Symptomatic Liver Cyst Successfully Treated with Transgastric Drainage and Sclerotherapy Using Minocycline Hydrochloride.

A liver cyst is hepatic fluid-filled cavities often detected in clinical surveillances such as a health examination. Although the liver cyst is usually asymptomatic and observed without any therapeutic intervention, it can be symptomatic and needs treatment due to its enlargement, hemorrhage, and infection. A 74-year-old woman presented with upper abdominal pain and a huge liver cyst in the left lobe.

Facile End-Functionalization of Poly(Quinolylene-2,3-Methylene) Using the Terminal Palladium Complex: Thiocarbonylation through Formation of an Acyl Palladium Complex at the Polymer Terminal.

The end-functionalization of poly(quinolylene-2,3-methylene)s (PQM) via thiocarbonylation is successfully achieved by forming an acyl palladium complex. The terminal palladium complex of the PQMs synthesized by living cyclocopolymerization of o-allenylaryl isocyanide is quantitatively converted to a tractable acyl palladium complex through the carbon monoxide insertion into a palladium-carbon bond. The resulting acyl palladium complex exhibits high reactivity toward thiols, thereby enabling the introduction of various substituents at the ω-chain end of PQM by selectively converting them to thioester groups.

Synthesis of novel entecavir analogues having 4'-cyano-6''-fluoromethylenecyclopentene skeletons as an aglycone moiety as highly potent and long-acting anti-hepatitis B virus agent.

Encouraged by our recent findings that 4'-cyano-deoxyguanosine (2), entecavir analogues 4 and 5 are highly potent anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) agents, we designed and synthesized 6 having a hybridized structure of 4 and 5. The chiral quaternary carbon portion at the 4'-position, which is substituted by cyano- and 5'-hydroxymethyl groups, was stereospecifically constructed by radical-mediated 5- mode cyclization of 10. The introduction of the fluorine atom into the 6''-position was achieved by radical-mediated stannylation of sulfide ()-11 and subsequent electrophilic fluorination of ()-12.

Syntheses and Structures of Arenethiolato Cobalt(II) Complexes Containing Acylamino Groups: Steric Effects of Bulky Ligands on Coordination and Geometry.

Bulky thiolato ligands have been developed for creating biomimetic model complexes of active sites in metalloenzymes. Herein, we report a series of di--substituted arenethiolato ligands containing bulky acylamino groups (RCONH; R = -Bu-, (4--BuCH)C-,{3,5-(MeCH)CH}C-, and {3,5-(MeSi)CH}C-) that were developed for biomimetics. Bulky hydrophobic substituents generate a hydrophobic space around the coordinating sulfur atom through the NHCO bond.

Muscle co-activation in the elderly contributes to control of hip and knee joint torque and endpoint force.

We investigated the coordinated activity patterns of muscles based on cosine tuning in the elderly during an isometric force exertion task. We also clarified whether these coordinated activity patterns contribute to the control of hip and knee joint torque and endpoint force as co-activation. Preferred direction (PD) of activity for each muscle in 10 young and 8 older males was calculated from the lower limb muscle activity during isometric force exertion task in various directions.

Kluyvera intermedia bacteremia with septic shock: A case report.

Background: Kluyvera intermedia is a bacterium indigenous to humans. But Kluyvera intermedia bacteremia has been not reported thus far. We report a case of Kluyvera intermedia bacteremia with septic shock due to left obstructive pyelonephritis as a result of urolithiasis.

Clinical utility of markerless motion capture for kinematic evaluation of sit-to-stand during 30 s-CST at one year post total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective study.

Background: Although the importance of kinematic evaluation of the sit-to-stand (STS) test of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients is clear, there have been no reports analyzing STS during the 30-s chair sit-up test (30 s-CST) with a focus on kinematic characteristics. This study aimed to demonstrate the clinical utility of kinematic analysis of STS during the 30 s-CST by classifying STS into subgroups based on kinematic parameters, and to determine whether differences in movement strategies are expressed as differences in clinical outcomes.

Methods: The subjects were all patients who underwent unilateral TKA due to osteoarthritis of the knee and were followed up for one year postoperatively.

The investigation of an analysis method for co-activation of knee osteoarthritis utilizing normalization of peak dynamic method.

Background: Assessing co-activation characteristics in knee osteoarthritis (knee OA) using method of quantification of the activity ratio (such as the co-contraction index (CCI) or the directed co-activation ratios (DCAR)) for surface electromyography (EMG) has been reported. However, no studies have discussed the differences in results between non-negative matrix factorization (NNMF) and the DCAR.

Research Question: Does DCAR or NNMF reflect the characteristic co-activation pattern of knee OA while using EMG normalized by the peak dynamic method?

Methods: Ten elderly control participants (EC) and ten knee OA patients (KOA) volunteered to participate in this study.

Early treatment with a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor in high-risk patients with acute heart failure: Rationale for and design of the EMPA-AHF trial.

Aims: The aim of the EMPA-AHF trial is to clarify whether early initiation of a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor before clinical stabilization is safe and beneficial for patients with acute heart failure (AHF) who are at a high risk of adverse events.

Methods: The EMPA-AHF trial is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial examining the efficacy and safety of early initiation of empagliflozin (10 mg once daily). In total, 500 patients admitted for AHF will be randomized 1:1 to either empagliflozin 10 mg daily or placebo at 47 sites in Japan.

Stability Enhancement of a π-Stacked Helical Structure Using Substituents of an Amino Acid Side Chain: Helix Formation via a Nucleation-Elongation Mechanism.

Molecular design involving the incorporation of an α-amino acid residue into the side chain or main chain of a polymer is often used to stabilize artificial molecular architectures through intramolecular hydrogen bonding. However, this molecular design strategy rarely considers the importance of interactions between substituents at the α-position of amino acid moieties, as found in nature. Herein, we report the synthesis of a novel series of π-stacked helical poly(quinolylene-2,3-methylene) with amino acid derivatives bearing different substituents at the α-position.

Image-guided confirmation of a precision pull-through procedure during laparoscopically assisted anorectoplasty in an open MRI operating theater: first application in an infantile case with anorectal malformation.

Background: Image-guided surgery with an open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system is applied for brain tumors in the neurosurgery field, but has rarely been reported in pediatric surgery. We report our initial experience of intraoperative confirmation of precision rectal pull-through during laparoscopically assisted anorectoplasty (LAARP) in an open MRI operating theater for pediatric patients with anorectal malformation (ARM).

Case Presentation: A 3.

Conformational Switch of Arylopeptide: Helix-Helix Transition Based on Side Chain Solvation.

Controlling the structural transition between well-defined architectures found in living system is essential in polymer chemistry as well as material science. Herein, the reversible conformational switch of a non-natural polypeptide with an aromatic ring (2,6-naphthalene spacer) on its peptide backbone, referred to as an arylopeptide, between two distinct well-defined helical structures (extended 3 -helix and contracted 4 -helix) using side chain solvation is demonstrated. The folding selectivity of the arylopeptide and found that the affinity between the solvent and side chains is an essential factor for determining the global structure is investigated.

Capital and symbolic power in water quality governance: stakeholder dynamics in managing nonpoint sources pollution.

Maintaining quantity and quality is a primary concern in the supply of drinking water. One critical indicator of water quality is nonpoint sources (NPS) pollution. However, persistent risks regarding water quality maintenance have often resulted from compounded social dynamics occurring within and between institutions, while solutions tend to concentrate on scientific/technological treatments.

Can indicators of myocardial damage predict carbon monoxide poisoning outcomes?

Background: Carbon monoxide causes electrical, functional, and morphological changes in the heart. It is unclear, however, whether the indicators of myocardial damage can predict the patient's prognosis after carbon monoxide poisoning. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between the carboxyhemoglobin level and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes and whether the ECG changes and troponin I levels are related to the patient's prognosis after carbon monoxide poisoning.

Construction of Helically Stacked π-Electron Systems in Poly(quinolylene-2,3-methylene) Stabilized by Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds.

π-Stacked polymers, which consist of layered π-electron systems in a polymer, can be expected to be used in molecular electronic devices. However, the construction of a stable π-stacked structure in a polymer is considerably challenging because it requires sophisticated designs and precise synthetic methods. Herein, we present a novel π-stacked architecture based on poly(quinolylene-2,3-methylene) bearing alanine derivatives as the side chain, obtained through the living cyclo-copolymerization of an o-allenylaryl isocyanide.

Folding control of a non-natural glycopeptide using saccharide-coded structural information for polypeptides.

We synthesized "glyco-arylopeptides", whose folding structure significantly changes depending on the kind of saccharide in their side chain. The saccharide moiety interacts with the main chain via hydrogen bonding, and the non-natural polypeptides form two well-defined architectures-(P)-3- and (M)-4-helices-depending on the length of the saccharide chains and even the configuration of a single stereo-genic center in the epimers.

Crystal-to-Crystal Isomerization via Drastic Intramolecular Ligand Exchange: Vapochromism of a Bis(arenethiolato)cobalt(II) Complex Containing Bulky Acylamino Groups.

Crystal-to-crystal transitions normally avoid drastic configurational changes that result in loss of crystallinity. A cobalt(II) complex, containing two unsymmetrically disubstituted arenethiolato ligands with bulky acylamino (ArCCONH, Ar = 4-BuCH) and BuCONH groups, showed crystal-to-crystal configurational isomerization accompanied by vapochromism. Recrystallization using THF/-hexane afforded green crystals (isomer ) containing one -hexane molecule per asymmetric unit.

Synthesis and evaluation of the anti-hepatitis B virus activity of 4'-Azido-thymidine analogs and 4'-Azido-2'-deoxy-5-methylcytidine analogs: structural insights for the development of a novel anti-HBV agent.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major worldwide health problem that requires the development of improved antiviral therapies. Here, a series of 4'-Azido-thymidine/4'-Azido-2'-deoxy-5-methylcytidine derivatives (, ) were synthesized, and their anti-HBV activities evaluated. Compounds were synthesized via an SAr reaction of , in which the 4-position of the thymine moiety was activated as the 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzenesulfonate.

Living Cyclocopolymerization through Alternating Insertion of Isocyanide and Allene via Controlling the Reactivity of the Propagation Species: Detailed Mechanistic Investigation.

Living cyclocopolymerization through the alternating insertion of an isocyanide and allene into palladium-carbon bond was developed based on the controlling the reactivity of the propagation species using bidentate ligands. We revealed that the rate of the presented cyclocopolymerization was depended on the ligands of Pd-initiator. When the palladium-methyl complexes having appropriate cis-chelating ligand, such as 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (dppp), were used as initiator, the cyclocopolymerization of bifunctional aryl isocyanides () that contain both isocyano and allenyl moieties polymerized to afford poly(quinolylene-2,3-methylene)s with controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distributions.

Zigzag-Helix Transformation of Expanded Polyvaline Induced by Racemization.

Biological macromolecules are essentially homochiral. For example, proteins mostly consist of l-amino acids. What happens when a chiral molecule meets itself in a mirror? For expanded polyvaline, zigzag-helix transformation occurs.

Side-Chain-Driven Dual Structural System of Poly-Arylopeptide: Selective Helical Formation Derived from Aromatic Ring Flips on the Backbone.

A methodology for producing dual structural systems of macromolecules, which involves flipping the unsymmetrical aromatic rings on the main chain is presented. Previously, we reported a non-natural polypeptide containing an aromatic ring on the peptide backbone, called a poly "". Herein, we used 2,6-naphthalene rings as axially unsymmetrical spacers, which has two geometrical isomers, and , to create dual structural properties.

Controlling joint instability after anterior cruciate ligament transection inhibits transforming growth factor-beta-mediated osteophyte formation.

Objective: Abnormal joint instability contributes to cartilage damage and osteophyte formation. We investigated whether controlling joint instability inhibited chronic synovial membrane inflammation and delayed osteophyte formation and examined the role of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling in the associated mechanism.

Design: Rats (n = 94) underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) transection.

Prognostic Value of Neurological Status on Hospital Arrival for Short-Term Outcome in Patients With Cardiovascular Shock - Sub-analysis of the Japanese Circulation Society Cardiovascular Shock Registry.

Background: Consciousness disturbance is one of the major clinical signs associated with shock state, but its prognostic value has not been previously evaluated in cardiovascular shock patients. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of neurological status for 30-day mortality in cardiovascular shock patients without out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Methods and results: Patients with out-of-hospital onset cardiovascular shock were recruited from the Japanese Circulation Society Shock Registry.