Focusing on autism symptoms masks sex-specific needs of autistic children: An example from the Sydney Child Neurodevelopment Research Registry.

Studies have shown that there is a difference between biological sex at birth in autism spectrum disorder. There remains a lack of understanding about how the symptoms of autism differ between assigned males at birth and assigned females at birth. We looked at the presence of sex differences in a large group of autistic toddlers, children and adolescents, who were seen in a large diagnosis and assessment clinic.

Identifying Patient Safety Competencies for Healthcare Staff Treating Children and Young People With Intellectual Disability in Hospitals: A Delphi Study.

Background: Children and young people with intellectual disability have poor healthcare and are at risk of patient safety events due to lack of staff training and consensus on competencies for safe and quality care. For the adoption of reasonable adjustments in mainstream paediatric healthcare clinical competencies needed to be adapted to an existing patient safety education framework.

Methods: Thirteen experts in intellectual disability health and patient safety participated in an eDelphi survey aimed at reaching consensus on core competencies required of the paediatric healthcare workforce.

: An assistive mobile manipulator with a webcam-based gaze control system.

designed to assist people with motor disabilities to perform object retrieval tasks using a webcam-based gaze control system. Using off-the-shelf components such as reproducible acrylic and 3D-printed plates, and a webcam for eye tracking, serves as an inexpensive, open-source, and customizable solution in assistive robotics. The robotic system consists of a mobile base that can move forward and backward, as well as turn in place; and a 2-axis cartesian arm equipped with a claw gripper that opens and closes.

Exploring the Effects of Age at Menarche and Pregnancy on Myopia.

Purpose: Associations between age at menarche and myopia have been observed in studies that included older women. Furthermore, pregnancy-related hormone surges in young women are associated with short-term changes in refractive error, although the long-term effects are less known. This study explored associations of age at menarche and parity with refractive error and ocular biometry in young women, and the relationship between age at menarche and refractive error in middle-aged adults for comparison.

Adhesion Evolution: Designing Smart Polymeric Adhesive Systems with On-Demand Reversible Switchability.

Smart polymeric switchable adhesives represent a rapidly emerging class of advanced materials, exhibiting the ability to undergo on-demand transitioning between "On" and "Off" adhesion states. By selectively tuning external stimuli triggers (including temperature, light, electricity, magnetism, and chemical agents), we can engineer these materials to undergo reversible changes in their bonding capabilities. The strategic design selection of stimuli is a pivotal factor in the design of switchable adhesive systems.

Perioperative pathways for children with neurodevelopmental conditions and behaviours that challenge: An evaluation of parent experiences for service improvement.

Aim: To elicit experiences of parents of children with neurodevelopmental conditions using a new perioperative pathway.

Method: Parents of children accessing an adapted perioperative clinical pathway in a tertiary children's hospital between July 2019 and December 2020 were invited to participate. A mixed method study was conducted comprising a short survey questionnaire followed by telephonic interviews.

Toward 1D Transport in 3D Materials: SOC-Induced Charge-Transport Anisotropy in SmZrBi.

1D charge transport offers great insight into strongly correlated physics, such as Luttinger liquids, electronic instabilities, and superconductivity. Although 1D charge transport is observed in nanomaterials and quantum wires, examples in bulk crystalline solids remain elusive. In this work, it is demonstrated that spin-orbit coupling (SOC) can act as a mechanism to induce quasi-1D charge transport in the LnMPn (Ln = lanthanide; M = transition metal; Pn = Pnictide) family.

Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on the well-being of healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Growing evidence attests to the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), but their effectiveness for healthcare workers remains uncertain.

Aims: To evaluate the evidence for MBIs in improving healthcare workers' psychological well-being.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to 31 August 2022 using the keywords 'healthcare worker', 'doctor', 'nurse', 'allied health', 'mindfulness', 'wellness', 'workshop' and 'program'.

A psychometric investigation of health-related quality of life measures for paediatric neurodevelopment assessment: Reliability and concurrent validity of the PEDS-QL, CHU-9D, and the EQ-5D-Y.

There is a need for tools that can provide a brief assessment of functioning for children with neurodevelopmental conditions, including health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). This study evaluated the psychometric properties of three commonly used and well known HR-QoL measures in a cohort of children presenting to clinical developmental assessment services. The most common diagnoses received in these assessment services were autism spectrum disorders.

Collective dynamics of actin and microtubule and its crosstalk mediated by FHDC1.

The coordination between actin and microtubule network is crucial, yet this remains a challenging problem to dissect and our understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. In this study, we used travelling waves in the cell cortex to characterize the collective dynamics of cytoskeletal networks. Our findings show that Cdc42 and F-BAR-dependent actin waves in mast cells are mainly driven by formin-mediated actin polymerization, with the microtubule-binding formin FH2 domain-containing protein 1 (FHDC1) as an early regulator.

Platycodin D facilitates antiviral immunity through inhibiting cytokine storm via targeting K63-linked TRAF6 ubiquitination.

Influenza virus infection is a worldwide challenge that causes heavy burdens on public health. The mortality rate of severe influenza patients is often associated with hyperactive immunological abnormalities characterized by hypercytokinemia. Due to the continuous mutations and the occurrence of drug-resistant influenza virus strains, the development of host-directed immunoregulatory drugs is urgently required.

The development and evaluation of a vaccination pathway for children with intellectual and developmental disability and needle fear.

This qualitative study describes the development and evaluation of a clinical pathway to facilitate the implementation of catch-up vaccinations for children with significant needle fear, particularly in children with developmental disabilities. The Specialist Immunization Team, based at a tertiary level teaching children's hospital, participated in process mapping activities using Motivational Interviewing (MI) techniques and reflective discussions. Team members developed a clinical pathway by incorporating parental feedback from semistructured interviews and clinical expertise from within the team, facilitated by colleagues from the Child Development Unit.

Chemical Bonding Induces One-Dimensional Physics in Bulk Crystal BiIrSe.

One-dimensional (1D) systems persist as some of the most interesting because of the rich physics that emerges from constrained degrees of freedom. A desirable route to harness the properties therein is to grow bulk single crystals of a physically three-dimensional (3D) but electronically 1D compound. Most bulk compounds which approach the electronic 1D limit still field interactions across the other two crystallographic directions and, consequently, deviate from the 1D models.

Comparing the Impact of Stenting vs. Medical Therapy for Intracranial Arterial Stenosis : A Systematic Review and One-stage and Two-stage Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Purpose: In the treatment of intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS), controversies remain regarding the optimal treatment strategy. Our study aims to conduct an individual patient-level data meta-analysis of existing RCTs comparing PTAS versus best medical therapy and to identify differences in outcomes such as incidence of ischemic stroke or death.

Methods: Randomised controlled trials comparing the outcomes of stenting versus best medical therapy for patients who had symptomatic ICAS of >50%.

Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants versus Low Molecular Weight Heparin for Cancer-Related Venous Thromboembolic Events: Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) has been the standard of care but new guidelines have approved the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC). By conducting an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the outcomes of NOAC versus LMWH in cancer patients, we aim to determine an ideal strategy for the prophylaxis of VTE and prevention of VTE recurrence.

Telehealth assessment of autism in preschoolers using the TELE-ASD-PEDS: A pilot clinical investigation.

Purpose: Appropriate early intervention is beneficial but dependent on accurate and timely diagnoses. This has been affected by long waiting lists for face-to-face clinical services, in part due to pandemic lockdowns, with telehealth introduced in many services to continue clinical services. This pilot clinical study investigated the feasibility of integrating a specially-designed telepractice autism assessment tool into a tertiary diagnostic service.

Psychoactive substance intoxication leading to general hospital admission in young and middle-aged people during and after the first lockdown.

Introduction: Incidence of hospitalisations related to psychoactive substance (H-PS) intoxication has been strongly decreased during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic especially in young adult and French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine was mostly concerned. This study aimed to describe (i) the incidence of H-PS in Bordeaux teaching hospital during and after the first 2020 lockdown in adults aged 18-29 years or 30+ then (ii) their characteristics specifically associated with the pandemic period by comparing 2020 with 2017-2019 baseline period.

Material And Methods: This historical cohort study was conducted in adults admitted to the Bordeaux teaching hospital with main or associated diagnosis codes of intoxication with benzodiazepine, methadone, buprenorphine, codeine, morphine, heroin, cocaine, ecstasy and alcohol.

What do parents think about the quality and safety of care provided by hospitals to children and young people with an intellectual disability? A qualitative study using thematic analysis.

Objectives: Children with intellectual disability experience patient safety issues resulting in poor care experiences and health outcomes. This study sought to identify patient safety issues that pertain to children aged 0-16 years with intellectual disability admitted to two tertiary state-wide children's hospitals and a children's palliative care centre; to describe and understand these factors to modify the Australian Patient Safety Education Framework to meet the particular needs for children and young people with intellectual disability.

Design, Setting And Participants: Parents of children with intellectual disability from two paediatric hospitals and a palliative care unit participated in semi-structured interviews to elicit their experiences of their child's care in the context of patient safety.

Access and barriers to supports for children and caregivers attending public child developmental assessment services: Findings from the Sydney child neurodevelopment research registry.

Families can spend years waiting for a developmental assessment. We sought to understand supports caregivers had accessed by the time of their child's first multi-disciplinary developmental assessment, the supports caregivers wanted, and the barriers caregivers reported to accessing these supports. We also sought to understand how government funding schemes (the National Disability Insurance Scheme) and sociodemographic factors influenced access to supports.

Anisotropic resistance with a 90° twist in a ferromagnetic Weyl semimetal, CoMnGa.

Weyl semimetals exhibit exotic magnetotransport phenomena such as the chiral anomaly and surface-to-bulk quantum oscillations (Weyl orbits) due to chiral bulk states and topologically protected surface states. Here we report a unique transport property in crystals of the ferromagnetic nodal-line Weyl semimetal CoMnGa that have been polished to micron thicknesses using a focused ion beam. These thin crystals exhibit a large planar resistance anisotropy (10 × ) with axes that rotate by 90 degrees between opposite faces of the crystal.

Colossal magnetoresistance in the multiple wave vector charge density wave regime of an antiferromagnetic Dirac semimetal.

Colossal negative magnetoresistance is a well-known phenomenon, notably observed in hole-doped ferromagnetic manganites. It remains a major research topic due to its potential in technological applications. In contrast, topological semimetals show large but positive magnetoresistance, originated from the high-mobility charge carriers.

Increase in hospitalisation-associated methadone intoxication in France following first COVID-19 lockdown.

Objectives: At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the French Addictovigilance Network drew attention to the need to facilitate access to methadone while ensuring its safe use, in order to avoid the occurrence of overdoses and deaths. The objectives of the study were to assess the impact of the lockdowns on the incidence of methadone-use-related hospitalisations (MUHs) and describe the characteristics of patients and hospitalisations.

Study Design: An interrupted time series using the unobserved components model was performed to predict the monthly incidence of MUHs in 2020 on the basis of previous years' data and compared with MUHs observed.