The real-world comparison of non-small cell lung cancer survival outcomes depending on immunotherapy treatment and PD-L1 expression level.

The incidence and mortality trends of lung cancer in Slovakia are not favorable. In our single-center, non-interventional retrospective cohort study, we provide comprehensive information about Slovakia's non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient population. We evaluated how the introduction of immunotherapy agents affected the survival of NSCLC patients and tried to identify whether the PD-L1 expression level was associated with a negative patient survival effect.

Pancreatic cancer - epidemiology, risk factors, nutritional and infl ammatory prognostic and predictive factors.

Background: Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most challenging malignancies to treat, with consistently low survival rates despite advances in medical research. The identification and validation of effective prognostic biomarkers are crucial for improving diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes.

Objective: The aim of the work is to analyze the latest data of the pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality, comparing them with global epidemiological data.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Teduglutide Treatment in Patients with Short Bowel Syndrome in Slovakia-Multicenter Real-World Study.

(1) We present the first real-world-data study on teduglutide-treated SBS patients in the Slovak Republic and the first study to enable the comparison of the effects of teduglutide treatment between the adult and pediatric populations. (2) This was a non-interventional retrospective cohort study of adult and pediatric SBS patients treated with teduglutide. Primary and secondary endpoints were the results of teduglutide use at 12 weeks and 6 months after the initiation of treatment, compared to baseline.

Complex analysis of the national Hereditary angioedema cohort in Slovakia - Identification of 12 novel variants in gene.

Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease characterised by acute episodes of non-pruritic skin and submucosal swelling caused by increase in vascular permeability.

Objective: Here we present the first complex analysis of the National HAE Slovakian cohort with the detection of 12 previously un-published genetic variants in gene.

Methods: In patients diagnosed with hereditary angioedema caused by deficiency or dysfunction of C1 inhibitor (C1-INH-HAE) based on clinical manifestation and complement measurements, gene was tested by DNA sequencing (Sanger sequencing/massive parallel sequencing) and/or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification for detection of large rearrangements.

Usage and impact of patient-reported outcomes in epilepsy.

Background: The use of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) in clinical practice is gaining increasing attention. This study aimed to provide a critical assessment of the current state-of-the-art and beliefs about the use of PRO in the management of people with epilepsy across some European countries.

Methods: Structured interviews were conducted with European experts to collect insights about (I) the personal experience with PRO; (II) the value and impact of PRO in the decision-making process at the national level; and (III) the interest for and use of PRO by national health authorities.

The Checklist for Standard Methodological Requirements and Reporting of Economic Evaluation of Medicines in Slovakia.

Objectives: We have developed a scientifically well-grounded, methodological, and reporting checklist for economic evaluation (EE) of medicines in the Slovak health technology assessment process, which serves as a supplement to the Slovak pharmacoeconomic guidelines.

Methods: The checklist was developed using an iterative process in which items were generated and gradually added to the baseline checklist based on shortcomings identified in an analysis of Slovak EEs, using relevant published checklists, and Slovak, as well as international, methodological guidance that was identified in the systematic literature review. The selection of checklist recommendations, their clarity, and relevance to the Slovak setting were validated in the online survey.

Selected trends in head and neck cancer epidemiology in Slovakia - an international comparison.

Background: Head-and-neck malignant neoplasms (diagnosis group C00-C14, according to ICD-10) form a heterogeneous group of diseases with close anatomical localization. The incidence is twice to three times higher in men than in women and is increasing worldwide.

Objective: The aim of our analysis was to estimate changes of incidence and mortality rates of head-and-neck malignancies associated with anatomical topographic regions over the time as well as to compare these indicators in different selected countries of the world.

Lung Cancer Screening Initiative in Slovakia: Guidelines of screening implementation.

Lung cancer (LC) represents a major healthcare issue worldwide. It is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in Slovakia and European Union. Data from multiple randomized controlled trials have shown significant evidence of a mortality benefit in LC using screening with low-dose computed tomography of the chest (LDCT).

Treatment With Cholecalciferol Leads to Increase Of Selected Semen Parameters in Young Infertile Males: Results of a 6-month Interventional Study.

High incidence of infertility along with low vitamin D levels was detected in otherwise healthy young men. The aim is to observe the effect of vitamin D supplementation on semen parameters as assessed by semen analysis in infertile men. In total, 45 men (mean age 36.

Treatment With Cholecalciferol Leads to Increase Of Selected Semen Parameters in Young Infertile Males: Results of a 6-month Interventional Study.

High incidence of infertility along with low vitamin D levels was detected in otherwise healthy young men. The aim is to observe the effect of vitamin D supplementation on semen parameters as assessed by semen analysis in infertile men. In total, 45 men (mean age 36.

Bilateral testicular germ cell tumors - 50 years experience.

Objective: This study analysed the characteristics and outcome of the patients with bilateral germ testicular cell cancer (TC), especially synchronous.

Methods: Among 2.124 TC patients diagnosed between 1970 and 2020, 96 (4.

Stage I testicular seminoma risk-adapted therapeutic management.

Following orchiectomy, patients with clinical stage I (CSI) testicular seminoma may be managed by active surveillance (S) or adjuvant treatment (radiotherapy or chemotherapy). In view of the published data on long-term toxicity, especially second malignant neoplasms (SMNs), adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) is currently no longer recommended as an adjuvant therapy option for these patients. The purpose of our recent study was to compare the impact of two selected treatment approaches - S versus adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) on the survival of patients with CSI testicular seminoma.

Extremely rare synchronous primary neoplasms in testicular cancer patients.

Objectives: This study analyzes the incidence of multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPN) in patients with testicular cancer (TC), the results are compared with literature findings and assess the rarest subgroup of patients with MPN.

Patients And Methods: Clinical data of 1870 patients with TC treated or followed up in a single center in the period of 5/1970-12/2018 were collected and analyzed retrospectively in focus of the occurrence of MPN.

Results: The overall incidence of MPN was 150 (8.

Malignant Tumors of the Penis - Dia-gnostics and Therapy.

Background: Penile cancer belongs to group of relatively rare malignancies. It represents, on average, 0.5-1% of all tumours in males globally and occurs predominantly in older individuals (> 65 years).

Results of long term testosterone replacement therapy in men with abdominal obesity, erectile dysfunction and testosterone deficiency.

Introduction: In this article, the authors evaluate subjective and objective results of long testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and possible risk.

Methods: In a single center study, the authors treated 69 men with testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS). The average age was 57.

Late relapse in stage I of nonseminomatous germ cell testicular cancer on surveillance.

Objective: Primary aim was to assess relapse‑free survival (RFS) in patients with clinical stage I (CS I) of non-seminomatous germ cell testicular tumors (NSGCTT) undergoing surveillance after orchiectomy. The secondary aim was to examine differences in risk factors in patients with early relapse (ER 2 years) and very late relapse (VLR > 5 years).

Methods: Cross-sectional study analyzed 25‑year single‑center experiences with 198 CS I NSGCTT patients according the time to relapse.

Management of Clinical Stage I Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Testicular Tumors: A 25-year Single-center Experience.

Background: Surveillance after orchiectomy alone has become popular in the management of clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumors (CSI NSGCTT). Efforts to identify patients at high risk of disease progression led to a search for risk factors in CSI NSGCTT. The aim of this study was to analyze a 25-year single-center experience with risk-adapted therapeutic approaches-active surveillance (AS) versus adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT).

[Recent Overview of Kidney Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment].

The incidence of kidney cancer has increased in the majority of countries worldwide, and this disease has relatively high lethality. For many years, the Slovak Republic has been among the countries with the highest kidney cancer incidence, in particular in 2012 (according to global estimated values) in both genders, although mainly in females. In the last few years, the Czech Republic has had the highest incidence of kidney cancer worldwide.

[Trends in Prostate Cancer Epidemiology in Slovakia - an International Comparison].

Introduction: According to worldwide estimates, Slovakia is classed as a country with a medium-high incidence of prostate cancer. Current predictions indicate that in the near future prostate cancer will become the most frequent cancer among males in Slovakia.

Aims: The aims of the study presented in this paper were to analyse trends in the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer in Slovakia and compare these trends with those in other countries and regions of the world, predict epidemiological indicators of prostate cancer in Slovakia, and provide relevant and updated data for the purposes of further analyses and evaluation of the impacts of interventions.

Malignant Mesothelioma of the Tunica Vaginalis Testis. A Clinicopathologic Analysis of Two Cases with a Review of the Literature.

Paratesticular malignant mesothelioma is an extremely rare type of mesothelioma with only a limited number of reported cases. Its clinical differentiation is challenging, and its diagnosis is almost exclusively accidental. The major risk factor is exposure to asbestos, typically with a long latency between exposure and diagnosis.

Testosterone Deficiency and Bone Metabolism Damage in Testicular Cancer Survivors.

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of therapeutic modalities and sexual hormone levels on changes in bone mineral density (BMD) in testicular cancer (TC) survivors. In a cross-sectional descriptive, long-term follow-up study, a total of 1,249 long-term TC survivors were evaluated according to treatment modality: orchiectomy (OE) only, OE + chemotherapy (CT), or OE + radiotherapy (RT). Luteinizing hormone (LH), total testosterone (TST), marker of bone resorption (β-carboxyl-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen-CTx), and BMD were evaluated.

Importance of Different Grades of Abdominal Obesity on Testosterone Level, Erectile Dysfunction, and Clinical Coincidence.

The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of different grades of abdominal obesity (AO) on the prevalence of testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS), erectile dysfunction (ED), and metabolic syndrome (MetS). In a cross-sectional descriptive study, a total of 216 males underwent a complete urological, internal, and hormonal evaluation. Males were divided according to waist circumference into five groups: less than 94 cm (Grade [G] 0), 94 to 101 cm (G1), 102 to 109 cm (G2), 110 to 119 cm (G3), and more than 120 cm (G4).