Systemic chemotherapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer.

A total of 60 patients with muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were entered into the nonrandomized study. The 1st group consisted of 30 patients treated by M-VAC neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy when a residual tumor had been detected by biopsy made after the treatment. The overall clinical response was 70%.

[Primary adenocarcinoma of the esophagus].

The presented analysis of a patient treated at the 1st Surgical Department of the Teaching Hospital in Bratislava meets the criteria for being classified as primary adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, whose characteristics are described in the paper. Primary adenocarcinomas of the esophagus occur rarely and constitute only about 0.5% of large series of esophageal malignancies.

[Metastasizing melanoma].

The complexities of diagnosing melanoma metastases are discussed. More accuracy can be attained with the aid of USG, CT, NMR and scintiscans of the liver. The LDH test appears to be the most effective in cases of metastases developing in the liver.

[Factors affecting the recurrence of epithelial tumors of the urinary bladder].

Of the 178 patients with superficial tumors of the urinary bladder followed up over minimally three years from the onset of treatment, 137 (77%) developed relapse of the tumor. Comparison of anamnestic data and objective examination findings in patients with and without relapses yielded a statistically significant probability of relapses in patients with multiple tumors, in tumors with an increased number of cell layers, and in tumors with infiltration of the lamina propria. Patients presenting with any of these features are at risk of relapses and require prophylactic treatment.

Formation of calcium oxalate urolithiasis in experiment and its inhibition by pyridoxine and magnesium.

Possibility of application of experimental model of calcium oxalate urolithiasis to the study of some medicament actions useful in prevention of calcium oxalate urolithiasis in men has been examined in animal experiments. Inhibition effects of pyridoxine and magnesium in formation of calcium oxalate stone formation have been proved. Administration of pyridoxine and/or magnesium to experimental animals inhibited formation of incrustations on renal papillae.

Malignant Leydig-cell tumour of testis.

A rare case of a malignant Leydig-cell tumour of the testis in a 26-year-old patient, with radical orchiectomy from an inguinal incision is described. Although the results of AFP, HCG, biochemical, X-ray, lymphographic and scintigraphic examinations were negative, the first metastases into the lungs appeared one year after the operation. Combined cytostatic treatment, polychemotherapy and X-ray therapy proved ineffective.

[Significance of infiltration of the lamina propria for the prognosis of patients with bladder tumors].

3- and 5-year survival rate from 128 patients with superficial bladder cancer was evaluated. With noninvasive papillary cancer the 3- and 5-year patient survival rate was 83,6 respectively 58,1%. If the tumor had been infiltrated the Lamina propria patients survival rate was 57,5 respectively 28,7%.