Laser dissection-assisted phloem transcriptomics highlights the metabolic and physiological changes accompanying clubroot disease progression in oilseed rape.

Plasmodiophora brassicae, a soil-borne biotroph, establishes galls as strong physiological sinks on Brassicaceae plants including Brassica napus and Arabidopsis thaliana. We compare transcriptional profiles of phloem dissected from leaf petioles and hypocotyls of healthy and infected B. napus plants.

Diethyl ether anaesthesia does not block local touch response in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Plants can sense and respond to non-damaging mechanical stimulation such as touch, rain, or wind. Mechanical stimulation induces an increase of cytosolic calcium ([Ca]), accumulation of phytohormones from the group of jasmonates (JAs) and activation of gene expression, which can be JAs-dependent or JAs-independent. Response to touch shares similar properties with reactions to stresses such as wounding or pathogen attack, and regular mechanical stimulation leads to changes in growth and development called thigmomorphogenesis.

Multi-class plant hormone HILIC-MS/MS analysis coupled with high-throughput phenotyping to investigate plant-environment interactions.

Plant hormones are chemical signals governing almost every aspect of a plant's life cycle and responses to environmental cues. They are enmeshed within complex signaling networks that can only be deciphered by using broad-scale analytical methods to capture information about several plant hormone classes simultaneously. Methods used for this purpose are all based on reversed-phase (RP) liquid chromatography and mass spectrometric detection.

PGI1-mediated vascular oxidative pentose phosphate pathway modulates photosynthesis via long-distance cytokinin signaling.

In Arabidopsis, the plastidial isoform of phosphoglucose isomerase, PGI1, mediates growth and photosynthesis, likely due to its involvement in the vascular production of cytokinins (CK). To examine this hypothesis, we characterized pgi1-2 knockout plants impaired in PGI1 and pgi1-2 plants specifically expressing PGI1 in root tips and vascular tissues. Moreover, to investigate whether the phenotype of pgi1-2 plants is due to impairments in the plastidial oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) or the glycolytic pathway, we characterized pgl3-1 plants with reduced OPPP and pfk4pfk5 knockout plants impaired in plastidial glycolysis.

The crosstalk of far-red energy and signaling defines the regulation of photosynthesis, growth, and flowering in tomatoes.

This study investigated the effect of light intensity and signaling on the regulation of far-red (FR)-induced alteration in photosynthesis. The low (LL: 440 μmol m s) and high (HL: 1135 μmol m s) intensity of white light with or without FR (LLFR: 545 μmol m s including 115 μmol m s; HLFR: 1254 μmol m s + 140 μmol m s) was applied on the tomato cultivar (Solanum Lycopersicon cv. Moneymaker) and mutants of phytochrome A (phyA) and phytochrome B (phyB1, and phyB2).

Stomatal effects and ABA metabolism mediate differential regulation of leaf and flower cooling in tomato cultivars exposed to heat and drought stress.

Co-occurring heat and drought stresses challenge crop performance. Stomata open to promote evaporative cooling during heat stress, but close to retain water during drought stress, which resulted in complex stomatal regulation under combined heat and drought. We aimed to investigate stomatal regulation in leaves and flowers of perennial, indeterminate cultivars of tomatoes subjected to individual and combined heat and drought stress followed by a recovery period, measuring morphological, physiological, and biochemical factors involved in stomatal regulation.

Antifungal triazoles affect key non-target metabolic pathways in Solanum lycopersicum L. plants.

Several 1,2,4-triazoles are widely used as systemic fungicides in agriculture because they inhibit fungal 14ɑ-demethylase. However, they can also act on many non-target plant enzymes, thereby affecting phytohormonal balance, free amino acid content, and adaptation to stress. In this study, tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.

Can plant hormonomics be built on simple analysis? A review.

The field of plant hormonomics focuses on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the hormone complement in plant samples, akin to other omics sciences. Plant hormones, alongside primary and secondary metabolites, govern vital processes throughout a plant's lifecycle. While active hormones have received significant attention, studying all related compounds provides valuable insights into internal processes.

Is the co-option of jasmonate signalling for botanical carnivory a universal trait for all carnivorous plants?

The carnivorous plants in the order Caryophyllales co-opted jasmonate signalling from plant defence to botanical carnivory. However, carnivorous plants have at least 11 independent origins, and here we ask whether jasmonate signalling has been co-opted repeatedly in different evolutionary lineages. We experimentally wounded and fed the carnivorous plants Sarracenia purpurea (order Ericales), Cephalotus follicularis (order Oxalidales), Drosophyllum lusitanicum (order Caryophyllales), and measured electrical signals, phytohormone tissue level, and digestive enzymes activity.

Water Cannot Activate Traps of the Carnivorous Sundew Plant : On the Trail of Darwin's 150-Years-Old Mystery.

In his famous book , Charles Darwin observed that the bending response of tentacles in the carnivorous sundew plant was not triggered by a drop of water, but rather the application of many dissolved chemicals or mechanical stimulation. In this study, we tried to reveal this 150-years-old mystery using methods not available in his time. We measured electrical signals, phytohormone tissue level, enzyme activities and an abundance of digestive enzyme aspartic protease droserasin in response to different stimuli (water drop, ammonia, mechanostimulation, chitin, insect prey) in Cape sundew ().

Chilling induces sugar and ABA accumulation that antagonistically signals for symplastic connection of dormant potato buds.

Endodormancy (ED) is a crucial stage in the life cycle of many perennial plants. ED release requires accumulating a certain amount of cold exposure, measured as chilling units. However, the mechanism governing the effect of chilling on ED duration is poorly understood.

Use of seed priming to improve Cd accumulation and tolerance in Silene sendtneri, novel Cd hyper-accumulator.

Changes in the environment as a result of industrialisation and urbanisation impact negatively on plant growth and crop production. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most dangerous metals that enters the food chain, with toxic effects on plants and human health. This study evaluated the potential of Silene sendtneri as a novel hyperaccumulator and the role of seed priming in tolerance and accumulation rate of Cd.

Characterization of five CHASE-containing histidine kinase receptors from Populus × canadensis cv. Robusta sensing isoprenoid and aromatic cytokinins.

Five poplar CHASE-containing histidine kinase receptors bind cytokinins and display kinase activities. Both endogenous isoprenoid and aromatic cytokinins bind to the receptors in live cell assays. Cytokinins are phytohormones that play key roles in various developmental processes in plants.