Academic Study XR-TEMinDREC - Combination of the Concomitant Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Local Excision Using Rectoscope and Accelerated Dispensarisation and Further Treatment of the Patients with Slightly Advanced Stages of Distant Localized Rectal Adenocarcinoma in MOÚ.

Background: Miniinvasive approaches are a long-term trend in surgery. Maximum possible quality of life after treatment of rectal cancer is a long-term goal. Adequate radicality of surgery is a long-term necessity.

[Von Meyenburg complexes - multiple biliary hamartomas mimicking metastatic liver lesions].

Von Meyenburg complexes are benign liver lesions usually consisting of dilated bile ducts surrounded by fibrous stroma. Their discovery is usually incidental and unsuspected during the early phase of the operative procedure. The sovereign diagnostic method is intraoperative frozen section examination.

[Transanal endoscopic microsurgery and its significance in rectal surgery--a review].

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is a novel endoscopic method. Primarily, it has been developed to manage pathological middle rectum conditions. Over the time, indication criteria for this procedure have become wider and, due to technical progress, more extensive procedures on distal and middle rectum, as well as perirectal transanal procedures, could be performed.

[Pneumoscrotum: uncommon sign in duodenal perforation (a case review)].

Therapeutic endoscopy is mostly primary method in treatment of biliary tree obstruction with its various complications. A case review describing an oncological pacient examined for obstructive icterus, with recognised pneumoscrotum after endoscopic examination (ERCP). In discussion we try to point out the need of knowledge of clinical examination, clinical signs of duodenal lesions and optimal treatment measures.

[Use of local hemostyptic drugs in liver resections].

Introduction: Bleeding during and following liver resection continues to be an object of surgeon's attention and a potential source of significant morbidity. Topical hemostatic agents are used during surgical intervention when conventional methods are not sufficient because of the site of surgery or degree of bleeding. A variety of agents with different effects is now available.

Use of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of malignant liver lesions.

Background/aims: The authors present their experience with the option of using radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of malignant focal liver lesions.

Methodology: In a prospective study conducted in the period from 2002-2005, 60 patients were treated using RFA during a total of 72 sessions and treating 108 lesions of various size, number and localisation. The method of RFA was applied either percutaneously under computed tomography (CT) or ultrasonographic (USG) navigation (22 patients) or surgically--during opened laparotomy or laparoscopy (42 patients).

[A role of PET and CT examinations in the management of malignant disorders of the large intestine and rectum--a review].

Current treatment methods of solid malignant disorders, in particular, depend, more and more, on perfection of paraclinical examination methods. Clinical examination conclusions, supported by imaging findings, determine the treatment strategy. Radical surgical procedures still remain the only treatment modality resulting in a patient's recovery.

Perioperative hyperfractionated high-dose rate brachytherapy combined with external beam radiotherapy in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas.

Aims And Background: Low-dose rate brachytherapy alone or in combination with external beam radiotherapy represents a well-established adjuvant treatment in soft tissue sarcomas following surgical resection. The experience with high-dose radiotherapy in this indication is limited. The purpose of our study was an evaluation of the viability of perioperative hyperfractionated high-dose rate brachytherapy in combination with external beam radiotherapy for primary and recurrent soft tissue sarcomas.

[An unusual cause of the chronic ileus state--the absence of the intestinal wall muscularis layer].

In this study the authors describe a rare histological finding in the resected small intestine, which was a cause of continuous ileal difficulties in a young female patient, and which increased in their intensity and finally resulted in an acute state which had to be solved by an urgent surgical procedure. The situation was defined as "absence of the muscularis layer" of the intestinal wall by a pathologist. The pathologist also stated that he had never come across such a case, neither in our literature, nor in the foreign one and that the condition was diagnosed with difficulties when using a standard visualization examination methods.

[Implantations of venous ports--the latest advances].

A continuously growing spectrum of cytostatic preparations used to treat oncological patients, as well as a growing spectrum of indications to treat patients with disseminated or locally advanced findings even in the elderly patients, brings on a subject of long-term venous portae problems to solve. The venous port is a smart solution of this problem. The method minimalizes risks resulting from long-term canylations of the central venous system and, primarily, substantially improves comfort of patients.

Perioperative fractionated high-dose rate brachytherapy in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the viability of perioperative fractionated high dose rate brachytherapy (HDR BT) for primary and reccurent soft tissue sarcomas (STS). From February 1998 through June 2002, 21 adult patients, 11 females and 10 males with either low grade or high grade soft tissue sarcomas were treated by perioperative HDR BT. Surgical margin was negative in 10 cases, close in 4 and positive in 4 in cases.