Increased expression of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 in astrocytomas of ascending grades.

Background: The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway controls the monitoring and degradation of important proteins and is involved in several cellular processes, such as development, differentiation, and transcriptional regulation. Recent evidence has shown that ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1), a member of the deubiquitinating enzyme family that removes ubiquitin from protein substrates, is overexpressed in many types of cancer.

Aim: This study thus examined the expression of UCH-L1 in human astrocytoma tissues.

Neuroprotective Effects of Milrinone on Experimental Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Rat Model.

Objective: Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts nerve axons with devastating neurological consequences, but there is no effective clinical treatment. The secondary damage mechanism is a mainstay process, and it starts within a few minutes after trauma. We aim to investigate the neuroprotective effects of milrinone on the SCI model.

The effects of alpha lipoic acid on cerebral vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in the rabbit.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of a strong dithiol antioxidant, alpha lipoic acid (ALA) on cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage in a rabbit model.

Material And Methods: Twenty-one New Zealand white rabbits were assigned to one of three groups: group 1 (control), group 2 (SAH only), group 3 (SAH+ALA). ALA was administered (100 mg/kg/day, single dose, intraperitoneally).

CSF hydrothorax after ventriculoperitoneal shunt without catheter migration: a case report.

Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting is the most common procedure performed for the management of hydrocephalus. VP shunt related complications remain a persistent problem in current clinical practice. Five-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital with persistent dyspnea complaint.

N-acetylcysteine prevents vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: This study investigated the ability of NAC to prevent cerebral vasospasm in a rabbit model of SAH.

Methods: Twenty-one, male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups of 7 rabbits each: group 1 (control), group 2 (SAH only), group 3 (SAH + NAC treatment). NAC (150 mg/kg, single dose, IP) was administered just before SAH and continued until 72 hours after SAH in group 3.

Preventive effects of intraperitoneal selenium on cerebral vasospasm in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Vasospasm is an important cause of morbidity and mortality with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The effect of intraperitoneal administration of selenium, which is an antioxidant on cerebral vasospasm was investigated in an experimental model. By means of intracisternal blood injection model, SAH was induced in 24 rabbits, which were randomly divided into 3 groups (group 1= control group, group 2=SAH alone group, and group 3=SAH plus selenium group).

Electrophysiology of papillary muscle in SAH: changes and N-acetylcysteine protection.

Background: Although subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) serves as a good model to study heart-brain interactions, neither the changes on the single ventricular action potential (SVAP) and contraction nor the effects of possible cardioprotective agents have been investigated.

Materials And Methods: A total of 18 male rabbits were used for the three experimental groups. SAH was induced by replacing the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with fresh autologous blood at the ratio of 1 mL to the 1-kg body mass (N = 6).

Transzygomatic-Subtemporal Approach for Middle Meningeal-to-P2 Segment of the Posterior Cerebral Artery Bypass: An Anatomical and Technical Study.

We evaluated the use of a bypass between the middle meningeal artery (MMA) and P2 segment of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) as an alternative to an external carotid artery (ECA-to-PCA) anastomosis. Five adult cadaveric heads (10 sides) were used. After a temporal craniotomy and zygomatic arch osteotomy were performed, the dura of the floor of the middle cranial fossa was separated and elevated.

Does Botox effect neural tube development in early chick embryos?

Botulinum toxin (BTX) is a potent neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum and has wide usage in different areas. The current study aimed to analyze the effects of C. botulinum toxin on the central nerve system in chick embryos.

Effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate on cerebrospinal fluid lactate and glucose levels after spinal cord trauma.

This study aims to evaluate the effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) after spinal cord trauma (SCT). Twenty rabbits were divided equally into four groups: group I was the sham-operated group, group II suffered from SCT but received no treatment, group III was given a dose of 400 mg/kg of GHB intravenously before SCT and group IV received the same dose after SCT. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were obtained 30 min before SCT (T(0)), at 60 (T(1)) and 120 min (T(2)) after SCT.

Monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the thoracic spine: clinopathological description and follow up. Case report.

The authors report the case of a 53-year-old woman with monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the thoracic spine. The patient presented with a 1-month history of pain in the thoracic spinal region. En bloc resection of the lesion was successfully performed via a transthoracic approach, and a histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia.

Proximal superficial temporal artery to proximal middle cerebral artery bypass using a radial artery graft: an anatomic approach.

We present the use of radial artery graft for bypass of the proximal superficial temporal artery to the proximal middle cerebral artery. Six adult cadaver sites were used bilaterally. After apterional incision, 2x2-cm minicraniectomy was performed which began 2 cm behind the zygomatic process of the frontal bone.

Arachnoid cyst within the fourth ventricle: a case report.

The authors report a case of fourth ventricular arachnoid cyst that presented clinically with the criteria of normal pressure hydrocephalus. Only a few cases of intraventricular arachnoid cyst have been recorded in the literature. In our case, a posterior approach was used via a midline suboccipital craniectomy and the cyst was excised.

The effects of folic acid in the prevention of neural tube development defects caused by phenytoin in early chick embryos.

Study Design: The effects of phenytoin and folic acid on the development of neural tube defects in early chick embryos were studies.

Objective: To investigate the effects of folic acid in the prevention of neural tube development defects.

Summary Of Background Data: Several studies have shown that phenytoin selectively inhibits neural tube closure.

Epidural thoracal teratoma in a 7-month-old girl.

Case Report: We report a rare case of epidural thoracal teratoma in a 7-month-old girl. A total laminectomy was performed via T6-T8 and the lesion was totally excised.

Results And Discussion: We describe the radiological, surgical and pathological findings in this patient and review the findings in other reported cases.

Submandibular and intracranial hydatid cyst in an adolescent.

Objectives: An unusual case of hydatid disease is reported. Review of the pertinent literature did not reveal any hydatid disease located simultaneously in both the intracranial and submandibular glands. This is the first case with hydatid disease occurring in both locations at the same time.