Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 on Optic Disc and Retinal Microvasculature Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

: To evaluate the long-term effects of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on optic disc and macular microvasculature. : 40 post-COVID-19 and 40 healthy subjects were included. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was performed for all subjects at the first visit and repeated in the fourth and twelfth months.

Evaluating the impact of polycythemia vera on retinal and optic nerve head microvascularity: An OCTA study.

Purpose: This study aims to assess the impact of polycythemia vera (PV) on retinal and optic nerve head (ONH) vessel density (VD) parameters, macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness compared to healthy controls.

Methods: Forty eyes of 20 patients with PV and 40 eyes of 20 age-gender-matched healthy controls underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic assessments and optic coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). RNFL and macular GCC measurements were obtained simultaneously with vascular parameters by AngioVue OCTA using the single-scan protocol.

Six-month results of 577 nm subthreshold micropulse laser therapy in non-center involving diabetic macular edema.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 577 nm subthreshold micropulse laser (SML) therapy in patients with non-center involving diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: Twenty-two eyes of 18 patients diagnosed with non-center involving DME were included in this prospective, observational study. The patient's baseline best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), maximum retinal thickness (MRT), central macular thickness (CMT), and the area of macular exudates were determined and re-evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months after laser treatment.

Retinal and peripapillary vascular density in episodic and chronic migraine cases without aura.

Background: Migraine is a neurovascular disease that can cause ocular and systemic ischemic damage. Despite from aura, a limited number of studies have considered the effect of the chronic migraine in cases without aura. Our aim was to evaluate the differences in the retinal and optic disk microvasculature among episodic and chronic migraine cases without aura using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) imaging.

Combined Capsular Tension Ring and Segment Implantation in Phacoemulsification Surgery for the Management of Microspherophakia with Secondary Angle-Closure Glaucoma.

We present the long-term results of the implantation of a capsular tension ring (CTR) and Ahmed capsular tension segments (CTS) together for the management of mikrospherophakia in a 35-year-old female patient. The patient had uncontrolled secondary angle-closure glaucoma, despite previous laser peripheral iridotomy, and visual impairment due to lenticular myopia. Clear lens extraction was performed under general anesthesia.

Evaluation of Choroidal Vascular Structure in Hyperopic Anisometropic Amblyopia.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the choroidal structure of patients with anisohypermetropic amblyopia compared to that of healthy eyes in controls of the same age.

Methods: The study comprises three groups: One group was the amblyopic eyes of patients with anisometropic hypermetropia (AE group), another group was the fellow eyes of patients with anisometropic hypermetropia (FE group), and a final group of healthy controls. Both the choroidal thickness (CT) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) values were obtained using the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) method of improved depth imaging (EDI-OCT; Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Spectralis, Germany, Heidelberg).

Efficacy of Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration in Patients with Increased Intracranial Pressure.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of optic nerve sheath fenestration (ONSF) on visual functions in patients with increased intracranial pressure (İİP).

Materials And Methods: The medical records of 24 eyes of 17 patients who had İİP due to idiopathic intracranial hypertension, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, or intracranial cyst and underwent ONSF surgery to prevent visual loss were evaluated. Pre- and postoperative visual acuity, optic disc images, and visual field findings were reviewed.

Peripapillary and Macular Vascular Density in Patients With Preperimetric and Early Primary Open Angle Glaucoma.

Prcis: Decreased circumpapillary vascular density (cpVD) and average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were detected at different locations in eyes with preperimetric glaucoma (PPG). Although RNFL loss was more prominent in preperimetric eyes, in early glaucoma, both cpVD and RNFL thickness showed comparable diagnostic ability.

Purpose: To evaluate changes in circumpapillary and macular vascular density and investigate correlations between vascular and structural parameters in PPG and early glaucoma.

Detection of coronavirus in tear samples of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Purpose: To assess the presence of viral RNA in conjunctival secretions and tears of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected patients in terms of a possible ocular transmission route and also to examine whether a difference between the patients with and without ocular surface positivity existed.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of 70 consecutive patients who were hospitalized in Haseki Training and Research Hospital with SARS-CoV-2 from February 1 to April 1, 2021, was performed. Tears and conjunctival secretions were collected within 24 h of nasopharyngeal sample collection and examined for SARS-CoV-2 using reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Can optical coherence tomography angiography be a first line ophthalmological evaluation in patients with Behçet's disease?

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether early ocular findings can be demonstrated with optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with Behçet's disease.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-seven eyes of 22 patients with Behçet's disease with ocular involvement, 48 eyes of 26 Behçet patients without any ocular involvement, and 44 eyes of 22 healthy controls were included, for a total of 70 patients (39 males, 31 females; mean age: 42.3±11.

Identifying highly effective coumarin-based novel cholinesterase inhibitors by in silico and in vitro studies.

Inhibition of high cholinesterase levels including acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), is one of the most important strategies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Clinically limited drugs are used in the treatment of AD, so there is a need to find new effective inhibitors today. Therefore, in this study, synthesized six coumarin carboxamides (A1, A2, B1-B4) were evaluated against AChE and BChE by combined in silico and in vitro studies.

Accuracy of the methods used to estimate glomerular filtration rate compared to 24-hour urinary creatinine clearance in patients with chronic spinal cord injury.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation by 24-hour urinary creatinine clearance with GFR estimation by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation, the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation, the Mayo Clinic Quadratic equation (MCQE), and the modified Cockcroft-Gault formula in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: Fifty-nine consecutive subjects, who were admitted to our hospital SCI rehabilitation and no additional acute medical disorders, were enrolled in this study.

Novel inhibitors of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase: In silico, synthesis and in vitro studies.

Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) is an unusual alpha kinase whose expression is highly upregulated in various cancers and contributes to tumor growth, metastasis, and progression. More importantly, eEF2K expression is associated with poor clinical outcome and shorter patient survival in breast, lung and ovarian cancers. Therefore, eEF2K is an emerging molecular target for development of novel targeted therapeutics and precision medicine in solid cancers.

In vitro and in silico studies of nitrobenzamide derivatives as potential anti-neuroinflammatory agents.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

On demand pancreatic stenting in chronic pancreatitis might provide good palliation of pain.

Background And Aim: Chronic pancreatitis (CP)-related pain is a considerable problem in gastroenterology practice that frequently requires several endoscopic interventions. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of pancreatic duct stenting performed on demand, instead of at defined intervals, for the management of the CP-related pain.

Methods: This study is a retrospective evaluation of thirteen years of data.

Traumatic superior orbital fissure syndrome.

Traumatic superior orbital fissure syndrome is a rare complication that occurs in association with craniofacial trauma. In the present case, there were no associated orbital fractures or other lesions to explain. We present a-16-year-old patient with total ophthalmoplegia, ptosis, and anesthesia of the upper eyelid and forehead 6 hours after a reported trauma to the left eye.

Ophthalmic, systemic, and genetic characteristics of patients with Wolfram syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate the ophthalmic, systemic, and genetic characteristics of patients with Wolfram syndrome.

Methods: In total, 13 patients with suspected or clinically diagnosed Wolfram syndrome underwent ophthalmic and systemic examinations and genetic analyses for Wolfram syndrome between August and October 2018.

Results: The mean age of the subjects was 24.

Ocular findings in posterior microphthalmos.

Aim: To report a critical case series of six patients with posterior microphthalmos (PM).

Method: Complete ophthalmologic examinations of all patients were performed using best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), cycloplegic refraction, applanation tonometry, slit lamp biomicroscopy of the anterior segment, fundoscopy, A and B mode ultrasonography (USG), keratometry, and optic coherence tomography (OCT).

Results: The most significant clinical characteristics of male patients aged 10-25 years was the presence of shorter posterior segments (mean: 15.

PRODRUGS FOR NITROREDUCTASE BASED CANCER THERAPY- 2: Novel amide/Ntr combinations targeting PC3 cancer cells.

The use of nitroreductases (NTR) that catalyze the reduction of nitro compounds by using NAD(P)H in GDEPT (Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy) studies which minimize toxicity at healthy cells and increases concentration of drugs at cancer cells is remarkable. Discovery of new prodrug/NTR combinations is necessary to be an alternative to known prodrug candidates such as CB1954, SN23862, PR-104A. For this aim, nitro containing aromatic amides (A1-A23) were designed, synthesized, performed in silico ADMET and molecular docking techniques in this study.

Discriminating performance of macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thicknesses at different stages of glaucoma.

Aim: To determine the discriminating performance of the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) parameters between all the consecutive stages of glaucoma (from healthy to moderate-to-severe glaucoma), and to compare it with the discriminating performances of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) parameters and optic nerve head (ONH) parameters.

Methods: Totally 147 eyes (40 healthy, 40 glaucoma suspects, 40 early glaucoma, and 27 moderate-to-severe glaucoma) of 133 subjects were included. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was obtained using Cirrus HD-OCT 5000.