Detection and quantification of miRNA 148a expression in infant formulas.

MiRNA 148a, which is associated with various biological processes such as immunity and cell differentiation, is one of the most abundant miRNAs in breast milk. This study aimed to determine the amount of miRNA 148a in different infant formulas, which are used for infants who cannot receive breast milk. The study analyzed 20 formulas, including stage one infant formulas (0-6 months of age), stage two follow-up formulas (6-12 months of age), stage three toddler formulas (above 12 months of age), and premature ones, analyzing miRNA 148a expression and qPCR miRNA gene expression, with significance set at p < 0.

Neuroprotective Roles of Lauric Acid and Resveratrol: Shared Benefits in Neuroinflammation and Anxiety, Distinct Effects on Memory Enhancement.

Neuroinflammation can be triggered by a high-fat/high-fructose diet (HFFD), and CD36 may be an underlying mechanism. Lauric acid (LA), the major fatty acid in coconut oil, and resveratrol, the plant-based polyphenolic compound, may exert anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, this study investigated the possible effects of LA and resveratrol on diet-induced neuroinflammation and CD36.

Student Urology Conference Increases Participant Knowledge of Urology Match and Confidence in Research.

Objective: To study the impact of a student-specific urology conference for students considering a career in urology. The first symposium specifically for medical students interested in urology was designed to provide an opportunity to present their research, explore urological subspecialties, and network with faculty members, residents, and other students.

Methods: Medical students and faculty at a US medical school organized the inaugural New England Student Urology Symposium (NESUS).

New imidazolidindionedioximes and their Pt(II) complexes: synthesis and investigation of their antitumoral activities on breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide and has the most lethality ratio for females among all cancers. Although current cancer therapeutics have made considerable advancements, there is still room for improvement in terms of efficacy. Many anticancer drugs have a risk of causing serious adverse effects due to their nonspecific cytotoxic effects on both tumor and healthy cells.

Nanoencapsulation of a Far-Red Absorbing Phthalocyanine into Poly(benzylmalate) Biopolymers and Modulation of Their Photodynamic Efficiency.

Two different poly(benzylmalate) biopolymers, a hydrophobic non-PEGylated () and an amphiphilic PEGylated derivative (), have been used to encapsulate a phthalocyanine chosen for its substitution pattern that is highly suitable for photodynamic therapy. Different phthalocyanine/(co)polymers ratios have been used for the nanoprecipitation. A set of six nanoparticles has been obtained.

The evaluation of retrobulbar fat tissue in Graves' orbitopathy with shear-wave ultrasound elastography.

Purpose: To evaluate retrobulbar adipose tissue of patients with active and inactive Graves' orbitopathy (GO) by shear-wave ultrasound elastography (SWE).

Methods: Followed-up in our ophthalmology clinic due to GO, 72 eyes of 36 patients and 38 eyes of 19 healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional case-control study. Graves' patients were divided into two subgroups under clinical activity score (CAS): active Graves' orbitopathy (AGO) (CAS ≥ 3) and inactive Graves' orbitopathy (IGO) (CAS < 3).

Using the center of pressure movement analysis in evaluating spontaneous movements in infants: a comparative study with general movements assessment.

Background: Researchers have attempted to automate the spontaneous movement assessment and have sought quantitative and objective methods over the past decade. The purpose of the study was to present a quantitative assessment method of spontaneous movement using center-of-pressure (COP) movement analysis.

Methods: A total of 101 infants were included in the study.

A zebrafish model for studying the mechanisms of newborn hyperbilirubinemia and bilirubin-induced neurological damage.

Unresolved neonatal hyperbilirubinemia may lead to the accumulation of excess bilirubin in the body, and bilirubin in neural tissues may induce toxicity. Bilirubin-induced neurological damage (BIND) can result in acute or chronic bilirubin encephalopathy, causing temporary or lasting neurological dysfunction or severe damage resulting in infant death. Although serum bilirubin levels are used as an indication of severity, known and unknown individual differences affect the severity of the symptoms.

Imaging findings of intraventricular pilocytic astrocytoma.

Objective: The aim of this study is to present the clinical and imaging findings of 16 patients with intraventricular pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs).

Methods: 16 patients with histopathological diagnosis of intraventricular PA between February 2016 and January 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Imaging and clinical findings of the patients, as well as apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements were analyzed.

An investigation of motor development and sensory processing skills in infants with a history of hyperbilirubinemia.

Background: Hyperbilirubinemia is a clinical picture frequently occurring in the neonatal period and may negatively affect the development of infants.

Aims: To evaluate term infants with hyperbilirubinemia in terms of both motor development and sensory processing skills and to compare them with their healthy peers without hyperbilirubinemia.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

New AB-type porphyrins with piperidine and morpholine motifs; synthesis and photo-physicochemical and biological properties.

In this study, new unsymmetrical -tetraaryl AB-type porphyrins 1 and 2 were successfully synthesized by the reaction of -bromobenzaldehyde and -hydroxybenzaldehyde with pyrrole in propionic acid. AB-type porphyrin building blocks with hydroxyl functionality (1 and 2) were further used to generate both covalently linked metal free and Zn(II) porphyrins 3-6 having piperidine and morpholine heterocyclic units. These novel compounds were characterized by using H NMR, C NMR, FT-IR and MALDI-TOF spectrophotometry.

Development of AB-Type Novel Phthalocyanine and Porphyrin Photosensitizers Conjugated with Triphenylphosphonium for Higher Photodynamic Efficacy.

There are a number of lipophilic cations that can be chosen; the triphenylphosphonium (TPP) ion is particularly unique for mitochondrion targeting, mainly due to its simplicity in structure and ease to be linked to the target molecules. In this work, mitochondrion-targeted AB-type novel phthalocyanine and porphyrin photosensitizers (PSs) were synthesized and their photophysical photochemical properties were defined. Fluorescence quantum yields (Φ) are 0.

Comparison of emergency department throughput and process times between male and female patients: A retrospective cohort investigation by the Reducing Disparities Increasing Equity in Emergency Medicine Study Group.

Introduction: Health equity for all patients is an important characteristic of an effective healthcare system. Bias has the potential to create inequities. In this study, we examine emergency department (ED) throughput and care measures for sex-based differences, including metrics such as door-to-room (DTR) and door-to-healthcare practitioner (DTP) times to look for potential signs of systemic bias.

Assessing kidney stone composition using smartphone microscopy and deep neural networks.

Objectives: To propose a point-of-care image recognition system for kidney stone composition classification using smartphone microscopy and deep convolutional neural networks.

Materials And Methods: A total of 37 surgically extracted human kidney stones consisting of calcium oxalate (CaOx), cystine, uric acid (UA) and struvite stones were included in the study. All of the stones were fragmented from percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Effect of non-repetitive linker on in vitro and in vivo properties of an anti-VEGF scFv.

Single chain antibody fragments (scFvs) are favored in diagnostic and therapeutic fields thanks to their small size and the availability of various engineering approaches. Linker between variable heavy (V) and light (V) chains of scFv covalently links these domains and it can affect scFv's bio-physical/chemical properties and in vivo activity. Thus, scFv linker design is important for a successful scFv construction, and flexible linkers are preferred for a proper pairing of V-V.

Breast Milk Protein Percentiles According to Gestational and Postnatal Age: Could It Be Used as a New Alternative in Guided Fortification?

Human milk is the first choice for infant nutrition but it must be multinutrient fortified for optimum growth and neurodevelopment in preterm infants. However, there is no consensus on ideal fortification method. The authors aimed to generate the human-milk protein content percentiles during the first five postnatal weeks in four preterm groups (n = 108) with median gestational age of 32 (23-36) wk, who were fed adjustably fortified breast milk in the NICU between October 2011 and June 2013.

Erratum: A compact photonic resonator absorption microscope for point of care digital resolution nucleic acid molecular diagnostics: publisher's note.

[This corrects the article on p. 4637 in vol. 12.

A compact photonic resonator absorption microscope for point of care digital resolution nucleic acid molecular diagnostics.

Rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of nucleic acid biomarkers for health diagnostic applications becomes feasible for point of care scenarios when the detection instrument is inexpensive, simple, and robust. Here, we report the design, implementation, and characterization of a point of care instrument for photonic resonator absorption microscopy (PRAM) that takes advantage of resonant optical coupling between plasmonic gold nanoparticle tags and a photonic crystal (PC) surface. Matching the PC resonant wavelength to the gold nanoparticle's surface plasmon wavelength generates localized and efficient quenching of the PC resonant reflection intensity, resulting in the ability to clearly detect and count individual gold nanoparticles when they are captured on the PC surface.

Nitroxide radicals appended to phthalonitriles: synthesis, structural characterization and photophysical properties.

The syntheses of 4-[4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-imidazoline-3-oxide-1-oxyl-2-yl)phenoxy]phthalonitrile (3, CHNO) and 4-[4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-imidazoline-1-oxyl-2-yl)phenoxy]phthalonitrile (4) were carried out by microwave-assisted nucleophilic aromatic substitution of 4-nitrophthalonitrile (2) by the pre-formed 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-imidazoline-3-oxide-1-oxyl (1). Compounds 3 and 4 were characterized unambiguously by a rich array of analyses, such as melting point, FT-IR, MALDI-TOF MS, elemental analysis, UV-Vis, CV, EPR, magnetic measurements and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural studies demonstrate that the C-H.

The prevalence and diagnostic criteria of health-care associated infections in neonatal intensive care units in Turkey: A multicenter point- prevalence study.

Background: Healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs) in the neonatal period cause substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Our purpose was to determine the prevalence of HAIs, antimicrobial susceptibility of causative agents, and the adaptivity of the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria in neonatal HAI diagnosis.

Methods: A HAI point prevalence survey was conducted in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of 31 hospitals from different geographic regions in Turkey.

Neonatal Seizures and Future Epilepsy: Predictive Value of Perinatal Risk Factors, Electroencephalography, and Imaging.

Context: There are limited data in the literature about the relationship between neonatal seizures and subsequent epilepsy.

Aims: This study aimed to identify the predictive value of perinatal factors, etiologies, electroencephalography (EEG), and cranial ultrasonography (USG) for future epilepsy after neonatal seizures.

Materials And Methods: A total of 92 children with epilepsy who had seizures during their neonatal period were retrospectively evaluated whether the contribution of perinatal, natal, and postnatal risk factors confining clinical, laboratory, EEG, and imaging to subsequent epilepsy.

Synthesizing and evaluating the photodynamic efficacy of asymmetric heteroleptic AB type novel lanthanide bis-phthalocyanine complexes.

In this study heteroleptic AB type novel Lu(iii) and Eu(iii) lanthanide phthalocyanines (LnPc(Pox)[Pc'(ABSH)]) with high extinction coefficients have been synthesized as candidate photosensitizers with reaction yields higher than 33%. The singlet oxygen quantum yields of LuPc(Pox)[Pc'(ABSH)] and EuPc(Pox)[Pc'(ABSH)], respectively, were measured 17% and 1.4% by the direct method in THF.

Immune alterations in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis reflect an incompetent response to eliminate the measles virus.

In subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) the persistence of measles virus (MeV) may be related to the altered immune response. In this study, cytokine responses of lymphocytes and monocytes were evaluated in SSPE compared to controls with non-inflammatory (NICON) and inflammatory (ICON) diseases. Patients with SSPE (n = 120), 78 patients with ICON and 63 patients with NICON were included in this study.