Aim: To assess the potential benefits of minimally invasive non-surgical therapy (MINST) in teeth with intrabony defects and to explore factors associated with the outcomes.
Materials And Methods: A multi-centre trial was conducted in 100 intrabony defects in periodontitis patients in private practice. Steps 1 and 2 periodontal therapy including MINST were provided.
Background: Control of intraocular pressure continues to be the mainstay of the management of primary open-angle glaucoma. It is also one of the key factors to consider in the diagnosis and risk of conversion of ocular hypertension to glaucoma (POAG). Medical management of IOP control is central to the treatment of POAG especially in resource-poor countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: HIF2α is a key driver of kidney cancer. Using a belzutifan analogue (PT2399), we previously showed in tumorgrafts (TG) that ∼50% of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) are HIF2α dependent. However, prolonged treatment induced resistance mutations, which we also identified in humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActive surveillance (AS) may be used in the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), but consensus regarding its application is lacking. We report an exploratory analysis of prospectively collected specimens prespecified in the only modern clinical trial evaluating AS in mRCC. Whole-exome and RNA sequencing were performed for patients providing consent to identify putative biomarkers associated with time on AS (TAS), the primary endpoint.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetastasis is the principal cause of cancer related deaths. Tumor invasion is essential for metastatic spread. However, determinants of invasion are poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe adaptive immune system recognizes tumor antigens at an early stage to eradicate cancer cells. This process is accompanied by systemic proliferation of the tumor antigen-specific T lymphocytes. While detection of asymptomatic early-stage cancers is challenging due to small tumor size and limited somatic alterations, tracking peripheral T cell repertoire changes may provide an attractive solution to cancer diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by a particularly broad metastatic swath, and, enigmatically, when the pancreas is a destination, the disease is associated with improved survival. Intrigued by this observation, we sought to characterize the clinical behavior, therapeutic implications, and underlying biology. While pancreatic metastases (PM) are infrequent, we identified 31 patients across 2 institutional cohorts and show that improved survival is independent of established prognostic variables, that these tumors are exquisitely sensitive to antiangiogenic agents and resistant to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and that they are characterized by a distinctive biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBy leveraging tumorgraft (patient-derived xenograft) RNA-sequencing data, we developed an empirical approach, DisHet, to dissect the tumor microenvironment (eTME). We found that 65% of previously defined immune signature genes are not abundantly expressed in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and identified 610 novel immune/stromal transcripts. Using eTME, genomics, pathology, and medical record data involving >1,000 patients, we established an inflamed pan-RCC subtype (IS) enriched for regulatory T cells, natural killer cells, T1 cells, neutrophils, macrophages, B cells, and CD8 T cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ West Afr Coll Surg
January 2016
Background: The use of population-based method to assess the prevalence of presbyopia and spectacle use is few even though it is more reliable compared to the commoner hospital based studies. This study was carried out to determine the need for spectacle services in our coverage area.
Aim: To determine the prevalence of presbyopia among adults of 30 years old and above in Sagamu local government area of Ogun state, South-West, Nigeria.
Background: Red eye is a very common presenting complaint in clinical practice among all age groups, including adolescents. Health habits formed during adolescence is carried to adulthood and is often a consequence of their perception. This study, therefore, determined the perception of students toward the red eye.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Recent research is increasingly showing that host genetic variants can affect the colonization by specific microbes. The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the associations between host genetic variants and subgingival microbial detection and counts.
Materials And Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, LILACS and Cochrane Library for studies reporting data on host genetic variants and detection of microbes subgingivally.
West Afr J Med
January 2015
Background: The increasing need for high precision in different aspects of clinical and diagnostic ophthalmology calls for a knowledge of the normative ocular biometric parameters. Since this may be affected by race, it is thus important to obtain more information in an effort to determine the African values.The main objective of this study is to determine the normal ocular biometric dimensions and their variation with age in a south western Nigerian population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the study design and reporting of studies on periodontal regeneration, with respect to the effect of the provision of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) before surgery.
Materials And Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted for studies on periodontal regeneration on Medline and EMBASE, complemented by a manual search. Initially, 3310 potentially eligible articles were identified.
Objectives: The current classification assumes that aggressive periodontitis (AgP) has a faster rate of progression than chronic periodontitis (CP). However, this has not been clearly proven and difficulties exist in establishing progression. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of retrospectively utilising previous records for clinical diagnosis of periodontal diseases and to assess if two different patterns of disease progression exist between AgP and CP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Eye injuries are major causes of visual morbidity and monocular blindness worldwide. The common causes of eye injuries needs to be well defined in each community so as to plan for prevention of high morbidity and blindness as part of blindness prevention programme.
Objective: It is necessary to compare the trend in causes of ocular injuries in Ogun State after a similar study over 15 years before.
Niger Postgrad Med J
December 2012
Aims And Objectives: To objectively assess the visual acuity of commercial motor drivers (CMD) in 3 Local Government Areas (LGA) of Ogun State of Nigeria in order to determine their eligibility to drive.
Subjects And Methods: The visual acuities of CMDs in 3 LGAS of Ogun state in Nigeria (selected using a multistage sampling technique) were tested with Snellens acuity charts and the eyes examined with bright pen torches and ophthamoscopes. Visual acuity 6/12 or better in the worse eye was taken as adequate to obtain a driving license.
Background: in developing countries congenital cataract has become an important cause of treatable blindness in childhood. However, difficulty in correcting aphakia is one of the reasons for poor visual outcome.
Objective: to determine the visual outcome after extra capsular cataract extraction and intra ocular lens implant and factors militating against good visual outcome in children.
Aim: To present the clinical features of arteriovenous malformations of the occipital lobe in order to assist in making a diagnosis prior to intracerebral haemorrhage.
Methods: A Sixty one year old Nigerian male patient complained of constant frontal headache for five years with associated gradual visual loss. Six months before presentation he suffered two episodes of severe headache associated with dizziness and profound visual loss.
We undertook an interventional prospective study of truck drivers from a cement factory in Nigeria to assess their visual status after licensing. Out of 149 drivers, 122 (81.9%) were visually eligible to drive and 27 (18.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 10-year-old schoolboy was referred to the Ophthalmic Unit of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital because of sudden loss of sight following 5 days of severe frontal headache. The child had bilateral ptosis with internal and external ophthalmoplegia and fixed and dilated pupils. There was no papilloedema.
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