The nutrient formula containing eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid benefits the fatty acid status of patients receiving long-term enteral nutrition.

Currently, various formulas with different fatty acid compositions are used for enteral nutrition (EN). All formulas contain various concentrations of essential fatty acids: linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA); LA is biotransformed into arachidonic acid (AA) and ALA into eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in vivo. Some formulas contain preformed EPA and DHA.

Large-scale quantitative clinical proteomics by label-free liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.

We previously reported the development of an integrated proteome platform, namely 2-Dimensional Image Converted Analysis of Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (2DICAL), for quantitative comparison of large peptide datasets generated by nano-flow liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS). The key technology of 2DICAL was the precise adjustment of the retention time of LC by dynamic programming. In order to apply 2DICAL to clinical studies that require comparison of a large number of patient samples we further refined the calculation algorithm and increased the accuracy and speed of the peptide peak alignment using a greedy algorithm, which had been used for fast DNA sequence alignment.

Perioperative assessment of psychological state and quality of life of head and neck cancer patients undergoing surgery.

This study assessed psychological state and quality of life (QOL) in head and neck cancer patients during the perioperative period. Patients who had undergone primary surgery at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan were enrolled. After obtaining informed consent, three tests were administered: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess psychological state, and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy General (FACT-G) and Functional Assessment of Head and Neck (FACT-H&N) to assess QOL.

Efficacy of idebenone for respiratory failure in a patient with Leigh syndrome: a long-term follow-up study.

Respiratory failure can be the direct cause of death in patients with Leigh syndrome. Unfortunately, no effective treatment strategy is available. Here, we report successful treatment of a patient with Leigh syndrome using idebenone, a derivative of coenzyme Q-10.

Quantitative analysis of invasive front in tongue cancer using ultrasonography.

Purpose: Ultrasonography is a useful diagnostic modality for the head and neck region. The mode of invasion is one of the predictive factors for the cervical lymph node metastasis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation between quantified invasive fronts from ultrasonographic images and the pathological malignancy grading of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

[Lymphoepithelial cyst arising in the parotid gland; a report of 3 cases].

Lymphoepithelial cysts occur mainly in the lateral cervical region, but rarely in the parotid gland. We report three cases of lymphoepithelial cysts arising in the parotid gland. These patients presented with a mass in the pre-auricular or infra-auricular region.

Effects of prostaglandin E1 application on rat incisal sockets.

Purpose: Atrophy of the alveolar ridge is a problem in prosthetic and esthetic treatment. In the present study, to examine effects of PGE1 on the alveolar bone after tooth extraction, PGE1 was applied to rat incisal sockets utilizing a slow drug release system using PLGA as the drug carrier.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats, 10 weeks old, were divided into 3 groups.

Metastasis of oral cancer to the parotid node.

Background: The parotid node is an uncommon site of metastasis in head and neck cancer. This study was intended to clarify the incidence and indicators of oral cancer metastases to the parotid node.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed the records of 253 patients with oral carcinomas who had undergone a total of 289 neck dissections between April 2001 and December 2006.

Intralesional laser treatment of voluminous vascular lesions in the oral cavity.

Objective: In laser treatment of voluminous vascular lesions, there are many cases in which submucosally located angioma remnants cannot be reached by noncontact superficial laser application. To diminish these remnants we used intralesional photocoagulation (ILP) in treatment of oral vascular lesions, because this approach is effective in treatment of voluminous vascular lesions of the skin.

Study Design: Four cases of voluminous vascular malformation in the oral cavity were treated by ILP using a potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser.

Diagnostic accuracy of cone-beam CT in the assessment of mandibular invasion of lower gingival carcinoma: comparison with conventional panoramic radiography.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of cone-beam CT in assessing mandibular invasion by lower gingival carcinoma and compare it with that of panoramic radiography.

Patients And Methods: Fifty patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower gingiva who were examined by both panoramic radiography and cone-beam CT before surgery were included in this study. Five radiologists used a 6-point rating scale to independently evaluate cone-beam CT and panoramic images for the presence or absence of alveolar bone and mandibular canal involvement by tumor.

Functional connectivity with the anterior cingulate is associated with extraversion during the emotional Stroop task.

Previous research has investigated the association of personality traits with brain activation in response to emotional stimuli. Our current research efforts are directed at understanding the temporal dynamics of networks of structures associated with particular personality traits, and gain insights into the functional contributions of more narrowly defined trait-facets that comprise these personality traits. To begin this process, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study using an emotional attention task (emotional Stroop paradigm) and addressed the question whether individual differences in extraversion and its lower-level facets were associated with differences in activation, and in functional connectivity, of the anterior cingulate (AC) cortex.

Expression of cIAP-1 correlates with nodal metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.

Cellular inhibitor-of-apoptosis protein 1 (cIAP-1) is a member of the inhibitor-of- apoptosis protein family, which predominantly regulates apoptosis. It has been suggested that expression of cIAP-1 correlates with certain clinicopathological features. The possible significance of cIAP-1 expression in cervical lymph node metastasis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is investigated.

A toxicogenomics approach for early assessment of potential non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogenicity of chemicals in rats.

For assessing carcinogenicity in animals, it is difficult and costly, an alternative strategy has been desired. We explored the possibility of applying a toxicogenomics approach by using comprehensive gene expression data in rat liver treated with various compounds. As prototypic non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens, thioacetamide (TAA) and methapyrilene (MP) were selected and 349 commonly changed genes were extracted by statistical analysis.

Analysis of clinical usefulness of the heat flux technique: predictability of the recovery from neurosensory disturbances in the chin undergoing mandibular sagittal split ramus osteotomy.

Objective: To examine the prognosis of the neurosensory disturbance (NSD) in the chin after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO), using the heat flux technique.

Study Design: Twenty-nine patients (total 58 sides) undergoing BSSRO were examined. The warm sensory threshold (WHF) and cold sensory threshold (CHF) in the chins of these patients were measured by the heat flux technique.

Epidemiological study of malignant tumors in the oral and maxillofacial region: survey of member institutions of the Japanese Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2002.

We studied 1809 patients with oral cancer who visited and were treated, in 2002, at the 148 institutions certified as training facilities by the Japanese Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Of these institutions, 39 are dental university hospitals, 44 are medical university hospitals, 64 are general hospitals, and for 1 institution, the classification was not known. The patients consisted of 1071 (59.

A case of maxillary duplication with a soft palate reconstruction using a forearm flap.

Maxillary duplication is a rare congenital anomaly that occurs in the jaw/mouth area. It is generally regarded as sporadic in nature. Total or subtotal soft palate reconstruction for oropharyngeal defects, which include post-surgical and congenital defects, presents a difficult surgical challenge.

Combined choriocarcinoma, neuroendocrine cell carcinoma and tubular adenocarcinoma in the stomach.

We described a patient with adenocarcinoma of the stomach combined with choriocarcinoma and neuroendocrine cell carcinoma. An 85-year-old man visited our hospital because of appetite loss. Gastric fiberscopy revealed a large tumor occupying the cardial region and anterior wall of the gastric body.

Species-specific differences in coumarin-induced hepatotoxicity as an example toxicogenomics-based approach to assessing risk of toxicity to humans.

One expected result from toxicogenomics technology is to overcome the barrier because of species-specific differences in prediction of clinical toxicity using animals. The present study serves as a model case to test if the well-known species-specific difference in the toxicity of coumarin could be elucidated using comprehensive gene expression data from rat in-vivo, rat in-vitro, and human in-vitro systems. Coumarin 150 mg/kg produced obvious pathological changes in the liver of rats after repeated administration for 7 days or more.

An investigation of magnetic resonance imaging features in 14 patients with synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint.

Objectives: To show the characteristic MRI features of synovial chondromatosis (SC) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Methods: All patients with histologically proven SC of the TMJ who underwent MRI at our clinic were examined. In 14 patients (male-to-female ratio, 2:12; average age 46+/-14 years), clinical and conventional radiographic findings were reviewed.

Exploration of tumor-suppressive microRNAs silenced by DNA hypermethylation in oral cancer.

In the last few years, microRNAs (miRNA) have started a revolution in molecular biology and emerged as key players in the carcinogenesis. They have been identified in various tumor types, showing that different sets of miRNAs are usually deregulated in different cancers. To identify the miRNA signature that was specific for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we first examined expression profiles of 148 miRNAs in a panel of 18 OSCC cell lines and the immortalized oral keratinocyte line RT7 as a control.

Soybean fat supplementation controls insulin resistance caused by fat-free total parenteral nutrition.

Conscious young adult male rats were given total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with or without soybean fat for 4 days. Those given fat-free TPN developed severe fatty liver, with hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, and hypotriglyceridaemia. These disorders were clearly improved by supplementing TPN with soybean fat, in an amount equivalent to 20% of total calories, and correspondingly reducing glucose.

Amelogenin positive cells scattered in the interstitial component of odontogenic fibromas.

Background: Odontogenic tumours are often biphasic, consisting of epithelial and interstitial components, with an origin that is not well understood. Odontogenic fibromas are rich in mesenchymal component, but also have many epithelial nests.

Aims: To investigate the origin of this tumour by immunohistochemistry.

Effects of cryopreservation on bone marrow derived mesenchymal cells of a nonhuman primate.

Bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) have multi-lineage differentiation capabilities and are focused on as a cell source for various cell therapies. To facilitate the availability of MSCs, cryopreservation technique is one of the critical factors for the cell therapies. In this study, effects of cryopreservation on capabilities of MSCs derived from a nonhuman primate were tested, aimed at a clinical application for tissue-engineered bone reconstruction.

Gene expression profiling of methapyrilene-induced hepatotoxicity in rat.

The present study was conducted as a model case of the toxicogenomics approach for analyzing toxicological mechanisms and toxicity assessments in the early stage of drug development by comparing with classical toxicology data. Methapyrilene (MP) 100 mg/kg produced obvious histopathological changes in liver of rats by single or repeated dose up to 28 days with significant elevation of ALT and AST. In the middle dose groups (30 mg/kg MP), no apparent changes were noted in blood biochemical data by single dosing or repeated dosing up to one week, and no obvious histopathological changes were observed except a slight hypertrophy in the hepatocytes.

Advances in chemotherapy against advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer.

In the early 1990s, some prospective controlled trials revealed the superiority of chemotherapy for survival compared with best supportive care for advanced or metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Until recently, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) were the standard therapies against advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer. Theoretically, LV should increase the antitumor activity of 5-FU, although this effect of LV addition has been controversial.