Update on Dry Eye Disease Treatment: Evidence From Randomized Controlled Trials.

Although the ultimate goal of dry eye disease (DED) management is to restore the ocular surface and tear film homeostasis and address any accompanying symptoms, addressing this is not an easy task. Despite the wide range of current treatment modalities targeting multiple aspects of DED, the available DED management literature is quite heterogeneous, rendering evaluation or comparison of treatment outcomes hard or almost impossible. There is still a shortage of well-designed, large-scale, nonsponsored, randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating long-term safety and efficacy of many targeted therapies individually or used in combination, in the treatment of identified subgroups of patients with DED.

Morphological and functional assessment of the tear film and meibomian glands in keratoconus.

Purpose: To evaluate morphological and functional state of the meibomian glands (MG) in keratoconus patients.

Methods: One hundred eyes of 100 keratoconus patients and 100 eyes of 100 age-matched control subjects were included into this study. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores, non-invasive break up time (NIBUT), findings of meibography, staining with fluorescein of the ocular surface, tear film break-up time (TBUT), and Schirmer I test were documented in all patients' eyes and control eyes and were compared between the groups .

Surgical Management of Corneal Hydrops: Case Series.

Descemet's membrane (DM) rupture/detachments have traditionally been treated conservatively, with limited efficacy and a long rehabilitation period that significantly affects patients' vision and quality of life. Although there are no established gold standards for the timing and nature of treatment, with this series of 4 cases we aimed to highlight the importance of the current optimal intervention methods. The first two patients were treated with anterior chamber injection of isoexpansile 14% C3F8 due to acute hydrops associated with keratoglobus in the first case and keratoconus in the second case.

Long-term visual, refractive, tomographic and aberrometric outcomes of corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) with or without hypoosmolar riboflavin solution in the treatment of progressive keratoconus patients with thin corneas.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term visual, refractive, tomographic, and aberrometric outcomes of corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) with or without hypoosmolar riboflavin solution in the treatment of progressive keratoconus patients with thin corneas.

Methods: Charts of consecutive progressive keratoconus patients with thinnest corneal thickness less than 470 µm who underwent corneal collagen CXL with or without hypoosmolar riboflavin solution and using a standardized protocol for treatment and examinations were analyzed retrospectively. The indication for hypoosmolar riboflavin use was a central corneal thickness less than 400 µm as measured by ultrasound pachymetry after epithelial debridement and before exposure to ultraviolet A (UVA) light.

Clinical Performance of Samfilcon A Contact Lenses in Intensive Digital Device Users: A Multicenter, Prospective Clinical Study.

Introduction: To evaluate patient satisfaction with samfilcon A contact lenses (CLs) in intensive digital device users with myopia and to compare patient satisfaction with samfilcon A lenses to prior experience with senofilcon A or lotrafilcon B CLs.

Methods: This was a comparative, prospective, national study conducted at 14 centers in Turkey. Subjects were adults aged 18 and 45 years with myopia (range -0.

Risk factors for progression following corneal collagen crosslinking in keratoconus.

Purpose: To assess risk factors for progression following corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) in eyes with keratoconus.

Methods: Charts of patients who developed progression following conventional CXL treatment (Dresden protocol) were retrospectively evaluated in two centers (Center 1 and Center 2). 871 eyes of a total of 676 patients were analyzed.

Cytarabine-Induced Corneal Toxicity: Clinical Features and Relief of Symptoms with Loteprednol Etabonate 0.5% in Two Patients.

We report two patients who developed toxic keratopathy following high-dose cytarabine chemotherapy and whose symptoms resolved following topical loteprednol etabonate 0.5% treatment. A 25-year-old woman and a 26-year-old man with acute myeloid leukemia were referred to our department with symptoms of ocular discomfort, photophobia, and blurred vision after consolidation chemotherapy.

Comparative 2-year outcomes of conventional and accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking in progressive keratoconus.

Aim: To compare the safety and efficacy of conventional versus accelerated (9 mW/cm) corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) in progressive keratoconus at the 2-year follow-up.

Methods: In this prospective study, consecutive progressive keratoconus patients were randomized to receive either conventional CXL (CCXL) or accelerated CXL (ACXL; using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-assisted riboflavin imbibition for 10min at 9 mW/cm). Visual, refractive, keratometric, topographic, and aberrometric outcomes and stromal demarcation line depth (DLD) measurements were compared at the end of a 2-year follow-up.

Pediatric versus Adult Corneal Collagen Crosslinking: Long-term Visual, Refractive, Tomographic and Aberrometric Outcomes.

Purpose: To comparatively evaluate the long-term visual, refractive, topographic and aberrometric outcomes of conventional corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) in the management of pediatric versus adult progressive keratoconus patients.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional review of consecutive progressive keratoconus cases of corneal standard CXL using a standardized protocol for treatment and examinations was performed. Best spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, slit lamp biomicroscopy, corneal tomography, corneal aberrometry and endothelial cell counts were evaluated at baseline and yearly at all postoperative follow-up examinations after month-12.

ISOPT Hot Topic Panel Discussion on Cornea Anterior Segment Disease.

The cornea and its adnexa pose a unique situation of a tightly defined set of requirements for its function. This includes: transparency, perfect built to obtain appropriate refractive power, protective barrier from microbial invaders. Moreso, the cornea also endures extreme external physical conditions (temperature, high and low humidity, winds and alike).

Correction of Irregular Astigmatism With New-Generation Hybrid Contact Lenses.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and on-eye performance of new-generation hybrid contact lenses (HCLs) in visual rehabilitation of eyes with irregular astigmatism and rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lens intolerance or failure.

Methods: The charts of patients who had been fit with new-generation HCLs were retrospectively reviewed. The reason for HCL fit and previous method of correction were noted.

The Role of Soft Contact Lens Wear on Meibomian Gland Morphology and Function.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of soft contact lens (CL) wear on the morphology and function of the meibomian glands (MG).

Methods: One hundred seventy-three eyes of 87 soft CL wearers and 103 eyes of 55 age-matched healthy volunteers were included into this study. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the total duration of lens wear: less than 3 years, 3 to 7 years, and more than 7 years.

Severe Dry Eye in CD25 Deficiency Syndrome.

CD25 deficiency (Interleukin-2 receptor alpha deficiency) is a rare subtype of combined B- and T-cell immunodeficiency. Recurrent infections and lymphocyte infiltration of multiple tissues are the main clinical presentations. Only four patients have been reported in whom ophthalmological findings were not described.

TFOS DEWS II Tear Film Report.

The members of the Tear Film Subcommittee reviewed the role of the tear film in dry eye disease (DED). The Subcommittee reviewed biophysical and biochemical aspects of tears and how these change in DED. Clinically, DED is characterized by loss of tear volume, more rapid breakup of the tear film and increased evaporation of tears from the ocular surface.

The Use of Bandage Contact Lenses in Adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the use of the bandage contact lenses (BCLs) in adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis-related ocular surface problems.

Methods: Fifteen eyes of 15 consecutive patients presenting at the Ankara University Medical Center, Cornea and Contact Lens Service, and requiring BCL use for adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis-related ocular surface problems were enrolled. Visual acuity, slitlamp examination findings, indication and duration of the BCL use, the total follow-up, and any adjuvant medication were recorded.

Morphology of the Corneal Limbus Following Standard and Accelerated Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking (9 mW/cm2) for Keratoconus.

Purpose: To evaluate the morphological features of the corneal limbus as measured by in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) following standard and accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) for keratoconus.

Methods: Patients with progressive keratoconus scheduled to undergo standard CXL (group 1; 31 patients, 3 mW/cm, 370 nm, 30 minutes), or accelerated CXL (group 2; 20 patients, 9 mW/cm, 370 nm, 10 minutes) in the worse eye were included in this prospective study. Thirty eyes of 30 age-matched patients served as controls (group 3).

Comparison of Efficacy of Two Different Topical 0.05% Cyclosporine A Formulations in the Treatment of Adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis-Related Subepithelial Infiltrates.

Subepithelial infiltrates secondary to adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis may persist for years and cause blurred vision, halos, glare, and photophobia. These infiltrates arise from immune reaction against the virus, and few studies have reported topical cyclosporine A to be effective in the treatment of subepithelial infiltrates. Herein, we describe a patient with adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis-related subepithelial infiltrates who did not respond to treatment with a new topical cyclosporine A emulsion prepared with castor oil (Depores 0.

Pediatric Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visual, Refractive, and Topographic Outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term visual, refractive, and topographic outcomes of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in the management of pediatric keratoconus.

Methods: Forty eyes of 40 consecutive patients with progressive keratoconus aged below 19 years were enrolled in this prospective study. All patient eyes underwent CXL with the standard (Dresden) protocol.