Correction: Factors affecting patient satisfaction in refugee health centers in Turkey.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Community-acquired antimicrobial resistance among Syrian refugees and the local population in Türkiye.

Background: The long-standing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pandemic has proven difficult to resolve and is becoming more complex, especially in the context of increasing forced migration, with little evidence around patterns of AMR in migrant communities. This study aimed to determine the frequency in the carriage of common types of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria between Syrian refugees and the local communities in Türkiye: extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE).

Methods: We collected nasal swabs and stool samples from the study participants, the local community members, and refugees, between September 2020 and March 2021.

Factors affecting patient satisfaction in refugee health centers in Turkey.

Background: Turkey hosts an estimated 3.7 million Syrian refugees. Syrian refugees have access to free primary care provided through Refugee Health Centers(RHC).

Breastfeeding practices among Syrian refugees in Turkey.

Background: We evaluated (a) opinion of Syrian and Turkish healthcare workers (HCWs), and perceptions and attitudes of Syrian refugee mothers, pregnant women, fathers and grandmothers on age-appropriate breastfeeding, (b) the effect of cultural characteristics, migration and pandemics on Syrian's infant nutrition, and (c) the suggestions of HCWs and Syrian family members to improve breastfeeding practices in the Syrian refugee society in a qualitative study.

Methods: The qualitative study consisting of structured focus group discussions (FGDs) was held in four provinces in Turkey where Syrian refugees live intensely in September and October 2020. Seven different types of online FGDs were held with Turkish HCWs working in maternity hospitals, Syrian HCWs working in Refugee Health Centers (RHCs), Syrian pregnant women, mothers, fathers, and grandmothers.

Job satisfaction among Syrian healthcare workers in refugee health centres.

Background: Achieving universal health coverage is subject to the availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality of health workers. Countries that host refugees and migrants, such as Turkey, must strengthen the capacity of their health systems to increase access to services, especially for refugees and migrants. The Turkish Ministry of Health adapted Syrian refugee healthcare workers in the healthcare services to boost Syrian refugees' access to healthcare.

Needlestick injury prevention training among health care workers in the Caribbean.

The rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among health care workers that is caused by sharps injuries is higher in the Caribbean and Latin America than in other regions of the world. To respond to and reduce occupational exposures to bloodborne pathogens while also strengthening capacities in the Caribbean, needlestick injury prevention training programs for health care workers were implemented, beginning in 2011. The programs included lectures, workshops, policy reviews, evaluations of safety devices, and workplace assessment.

Assessment of current occupational safety and health regulations and legislation in the Caribbean.

Neglecting occupational safety and health (OSH) can have adverse and even deadly consequences. While OSH is important in any nation, the issue is particularly concerning in developing countries, including ones in the Caribbean. The purpose of this study, which was carried out in 2012 and 2013, was to examine the reasons for an apparent fundamental lack of awareness of OSH in the Caribbean.

Occupational exposure and respiratory health problems among nutmeg production workers in Grenada, the Caribbean.

Background: The nutmeg industry is a major contributor to the Grenadian economy. However, workers in the industry face many environmental and occupational health risks.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to investigate respiratory health problems and possible related occupational exposures among nutmeg production workers.

United Airway Disease Among Crop Farmers.

Although there are observed relationships between agriculture and respiratory health problems, little attention has been given to relationship between lower and upper airway problems among farmers in the United States. The objective was to investigate the possible relationship between occupational risk factors and "united airway disease" among farmers in eastern North Carolina. Farmers and farm workers were selected from eastern North Carolina by using a cluster sampling method.

Pesticide Exposure in the Caribbean: A Case From Nutmeg Processing.

Many developed countries around the world have implemented regulations to phase out or greatly restrict the use of pesticides. Pesticides are still utilized with minimal restrictions, however, in fumigating agricultural commodities in developing countries such as Grenada. This special report presents the case of a nutmeg factory worker in Grenada who worked with various pesticides including methyl bromide, magnesium phosphide (magtoxin), and aluminum phosphide (phostoxin) without the proper awareness and utilization of health and safety measures.

Physician involvement in torture: an ethical perspective.

Evidence proves that physician involvement in torture is widely practiced in society. Despite its status as an illegal act as established by multiple international organizations, mandates are routinely unheeded and feebly enforced. Philosophies condemning and condoning torture are examined as well as physicians' professional responsibilities and the manner in which such varying allegiances can be persuasive.

Occupational exposures and laryngeal cancer among non-smoking and non-drinking men.

In a previous hospital-based case-control study, we found an association between laryngeal cancer and exposure to occupational silica, cotton dust, diesel exhaust, gasoline exhaust, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). We evaluated the data further to investigate risks from occupational exposure among non-smoking and non-alcohol drinking (NSND) men. We analyzed 189 male NSND primary laryngeal cancer cases and 536 NSND controls.

Predisposing factors related to adolescent sexuality among students in rural and urban school-based health centers in eastern North Carolina.

This study examined possible predisposing factors that may contribute to rural adolescents' early sexual behavior. Sexual behaviors, demographics, family structure, history of abuse, sexually active friends, and substance use were analyzed in 410 rural and urban adolescents, aged 10 to 19 years, who were enrolled in a school-based health center in North Carolina between 2005 and 2007. Results indicated that Black students residing in single-parent urban households were more likely to engage in sex earlier than other analyzed ethnic groups (odds ratio [OR] = 5.

Cardiac procedures in patients with a body mass index exceeding 45: outcomes and long-term results.

Background: Obesity has become a public health crisis. Although prior studies in obese patients undergoing cardiac surgical procedures have shown variable effects on outcomes, data are limited for extremely obese patients (body mass index [BMI] > or = 45). We undertook this study to evaluate outcomes in this cohort.

The trend of small cell lung cancer among young men.

In this report, we investigated the distribution of histologic types of lung cancer by age in Turkey. Among 1354 lung cancer cases diagnosed in Social Security Agency Okmeydani Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, we included 912 male cases with data on age, smoking status, and histopathologic type. We calculated the smoking-adjusted risk for histopathologic types by age.

Working conditions and related neuropsychiatric problems among shoemakers in Turkey: Do child workers differ from others?

Objective: In this cross-sectional study, we investigated working conditions and related neuropsychiatric problems of shoemakers, including child workers, working in poor conditions with high health risks. Clinical diagnosis was not the objective of this study.

Materials And Methods: We collected data from 318 workers ranging from 8-66 years of age.

Noninvasive assessment of cytokines in occupational respiratory diseases.

A major goal in studying occupational respiratory diseases is to show relationships between occupational exposures and health outcomes. Due to the nature of these diseases, accurate, practical, and objective measurement techniques are needed in field investigations. Pulmonary function tests, such as spirometry, are important objective health outcome measures.

Exhaled nitric oxide measurement in workers in a microwave popcorn production plant.

Airways obstruction in microwave-popcorn workers has been attributed to inhalation of flavoring agents. Two former workers at a microwave-popcorn plant were found by lung biopsy to have bronchiolitis obliterans. The study's aim was to determine whether exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) levels were associated with exposure levels, respiratory symptoms, or airways obstruction.

Work-related asthma-like symptoms among florists.

Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of work-related asthma-like symptoms and possible risk factors among florists in Turkey.

Methods: We collected questionnaire data from 128 florists, and investigated occupational history and respiratory, ocular, dermal, and nasal symptoms. We evaluated pulmonary function tests with spirometry and atopy by using the skin-prick test.

Risk of laryngeal cancer by occupational chemical exposure in Turkey.

Laryngeal cancer is the second most common cancer among men in Turkey. In this hospital based case-control study, we evaluated laryngeal cancer risks from occupational chemical exposures. We analyzed 940 laryngeal cancer cases and 1519 controls.

Risk factors for depression in postnatal first year, in eastern Turkey.

Background: There are few studies reporting depression in the postnatal period in developing countries. In this study our objective was to evaluate women from eastern Turkey in the postnatal one-year period in order to analyse the risk factors for depression.

Methods: In this cross-sectional, multi-centre study, we selected a study sample from five eastern provinces.

Prevalence of exposure to solvents, metals, grain dust, and other hazards among farmers in the Agricultural Health Study.

Exposures to multiple chemical, physical, and biological agents in agricultural work environments can result in confounding that may obscure or distort risks observed in epidemiologic studies. The Agricultural Health Study (AHS) is a large epidemiology study being conducted to investigate health risks among pesticide applicators and their families. During enrollment in the AHS, questionnaires were administered to over 52,000 licensed pesticide applicators from North Carolina and Iowa, who were mostly farmers.