Publications by authors named "Omoregie Richard"
Background: Morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection is immune-mediated, and an understanding of HIV immunology will be beneficial in the management of HIV infectionOBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to measure the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ in asymptomatic HIV patients and non-HIV subjects, as well as their relationship with CD4 count.
Method: Blood samples were collected from 173 subjects, consisting of 125 asymptomatic HIV patients (44 HAART-naïve and 81 on HAART) and 48 non-HIV subjects. The IFN-, IL-6, and TNF- levels in the blood were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and the CD4 count of all participants was determined using flow cytometry.
Background: Several diseases are reported to be associated with ABO/Rh blood groups. Data on the association between ABO and Rh D blood group antigens in the Nigerian population is sparse. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection as well as its association with ABO and Rh D antigens among young Nigerian adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew strains of hepatitis B virus genotype E circulating in Nigeria.
Int J Health Sci (Qassim)
January 2018
Article Synopsis
- This study examined the prevalence and genotypic distribution of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) among HIV-infected individuals in Benin City, Nigeria, as no previous research has focused on this topic in the region.
- A total of 564 HIV-positive and 250 HIV-negative participants were tested, and the findings showed that HIV status did not significantly influence HBV infection rates, with slightly higher rates in HIV-infected individuals.
- All confirmed HBV infections in HIV patients were identified as HBV genotype E, which is a novel strain not previously associated with other HBV genotype E groups in Nigeria.
Objectives: Because of lack of data on the prevalence of sulfadoxine antibody, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of sulfadoxine antibodies and its possible risk factors.
Methods: Blood specimens were collected from 500 patients undergoing treatment for malaria at Central Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information and sociodemographic data.
Public Knowledge of HIV/AIDS in Three Rural Communities of Nigeria.
Soc Work Public Health
February 2017
Article Synopsis
- The study assessed HIV/AIDS knowledge in three rural Nigerian communities with 371 participants.
- Results indicated a high awareness of HIV/AIDS overall, but limited understanding of prevention methods and management.
- The study recommends increased HIV/AIDS education from health authorities to improve knowledge and encourage use of testing services.
Background: The traditional birth attendant delivers majority of pregnant women in Nigeria.
Objective: This study aimed at determining the prevalence and associated risk factors for delivery of low birth weight (LBW) neonates in a Traditional Birth Home (TBH)in Benin City, Nigeria.
Methods: A total of 780 pregnant women who received ante-natal care at a TBH and live singletons born to them were recruited for this study.
Background: A good proportion of pregnant women patronize traditional birth homes in Nigeria for ante-natal care. This study aimed at determining the prevalence, risk factors, and susceptibility profile of etiologic agents of urinary tract infection among ante-natal attendees in a traditional birth home in Benin City, Nigeria.
Methods: Clean-catch urine was collected from 220 pregnant women attending a traditional birth home in Benin City, Nigeria.
Background: This study aimed at determining the prevalence and associated risk factors for asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia and anemia among blood donors in a private medical laboratory in Benin City, Nigeria.
Methods: Venous blood was collected from a total of 247 blood donors. Malaria status, ABO, Rhesus blood groups and hemoglobin concentration of all participants were determined using standard methods.
Background: The aim of this study was to assess public and private medical diagnostic laboratories in Nigeria for the presence of biosafety equipment, devices, and measures.
Methods: A total of 80 diagnostic laboratories in biosafety level 3 were assessed for the presence of biosafety equipment, devices, and compliance rate with biosafety practices. A detailed questionnaire and checklist was used to obtain the relevant information from enlisted laboratories.
Article Synopsis
- HIV-infected individuals, especially those with low CD4+ counts, frequently contract Cryptosporidium species and Enterocytozoon bieneusi, prompting a study of 285 patients on HAART.
- Stool and blood samples were collected, revealing that 6.3% had E. bieneusi and 1.4% had Cryptosporidium infections.
- The study identified new genotypes of E. bieneusi and unusual subtypes of C. hominis, indicating a need for further research to explore the prevalence of these strains in HIV patients undergoing HAART.
Article Synopsis
- Candidiasis is the most common fungal infection in HIV patients, with higher prevalence in those who are not on antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and among females.
- The study analyzed samples from 300 subjects (200 HIV patients and 100 non-HIV subjects) to identify Candida species using microbiological techniques.
- Key findings indicate that lower CD4+ counts (<200 cells/µl) significantly increase the risk of candidiasis in HAART-naive patients, highlighting the connection between HIV management and fungal infections.
Background: Plasmodium falciparum infection is endemic in most tropical countries and will definitely infect Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive patients living in this region at one time or the other during the course of their infection. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of malaria infection in HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy in Benin City, Nigeria.
Methods: A total of 285 (84 males and 201 females) adults attending the hospital were enrolled in this study between July 2010 and June 2011.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of malaria and anemia among pregnant women attending a traditional birth center as well as the effect of herbal remedies, gravidity, age, educational background and malaria prevention methods on their prevalence.
Methods: Blood specimens were collected from 119 pregnant women attending a Traditional Birth Home in Benin City, Nigeria. Malaria parasitemia was diagnosed by microscopy while anemia was defined as hemoglobin concentration <11 g/dL.
Introduction: Human co-infection with Plasmodium falciparum and helminthes is ubiquitous throughout Africa. This study aimed to determine the co-infections of Plasmodium falciparum infection in HIV and intestinal parasitic infections, and their immunological distribution, in Benin City, Nigeria.
Methodology: A total of 2,000 stool specimens from HIV-positive patients and 500 controls (HIV-negative individuals) were examined for ova, cysts, or parasites using standard procedures.
Background: Frequent exposure to premium motor spirit (PMS) is common and could be a risk factor for liver dysfunction in those occupationally exposed. A possible association between PMS fumes and plasma total antioxidant status as well as plasma levels of zinc, manganese, copper and selenium using a rodent model could provide new insights into the pathology of the liver where cellular dysfunction is an established risk factor.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the total antioxidant status and plasma levels of zinc, copper, selenium and manganese in those occupationally exposed using rodent model.
Background: Deliberate and regular exposure to premium motor spirit fumes is common and could be a risk factor for liver disease in those who are occupationally exposed. A possible association between premium motor spirit fumes and plasma levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol using a rodent model could provide new insights in the pathology of diseases where cellular dysfunction is an established risk factor.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effect of premium motor spirit fumes on lipids and lipoproteins in workers occupationally exposed to premium motor spirit fumes using rodent model.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how seasonal changes affect the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in HIV-positive individuals in Benin City, Nigeria.
- Researchers analyzed stool samples from 2000 HIV-positive patients and 500 HIV-negative controls, finding a higher infection rate during the rainy season (17.6%) compared to the dry season (12.3%).
- Male participants had a higher rate of infections (18.3%) than females (13.7%), and specific parasites like Cryptosporidium and Strongyloides stercoralis were linked to the rainy season.
Molecular characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi has led to better understanding of microsporidiosis transmission in humans. This study aimed to detect and genotype E. bieneusi in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Intestinal parasitic infections have been described as constituting the greatest single worldwide cause of illness and disease.
Aim: The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in relation to sex and age as well as seasons of the year in Benin city, Nigeria.
Materials And Methods: The stool samples were processed using saline and iodine mounts and examined microscopically for ova and cysts of parasites.
Background: Lower respiratory tract infections are among the most common infectious diseases of humans worldwide and continue to be a major cause of morbidity in Nigeria. This study focused on determining the microbial agents of lower respiratory tract infections, the effect of age and gender on its prevalence, and the susceptibility profile of bacterial isolates.
Methods: Sputum specimens were collected from 1539 patients with symptoms of lower respiratory tract infections.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis, and the effect of CD4(+) T cell counts and demographics on its prevalence among HIV-positive patients in Benin City, Nigeria.
Methods: Urine and blood samples were collected from 2000 HIV-positive subjects. A wet preparation of the urine deposit was examined microscopically to identify ova of Schistosoma haematobium.
Background: Otitis Media continues to be a major presentation in the ear, nose and throat clinic.
Aim: This study aimed to isolate, characterize and identify the bacteriological and mycological etiologic agents of otitis media in Benin city.
Patients And Methods: Ear discharge from 569 (299 males and 270 females) patients diagnosed clinically of otitis media between August 2009 and August 2010 were processed to recover the bacterial and fungal etiologic agents.
Aim: To determine the prevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI) in Okada, a rural community in Nigeria, and the effect of age and gender on its prevalence as well as the etiologic agents and the susceptibility profile of the bacterial agents.
Patients And Method: Clean-catch midstream urine was collected from 514 patients (49 males and 465 females). The urine samples were processed and microbial isolates identified.
Parasitic infections continue to take their toll on HIV positive patients by influencing the blood qualitatively and quantitatively. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in relation to anaemia and CD4 counts among HIV-infected patients in Benin City, Nigeria. Using a serial sampling method, a total of 2000 HIV-infected patients were recruited on their first visit prior to highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital from August 2007 to August 2009.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Wound infections are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Etiologic agents of wound infections vary with geographical locations. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of wound infections, the effect of age and gender on the prevalence as well as the etiologic agents and their susceptibility to antibacterial agents.
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