Acetylation of the yeast Hsp40 chaperone protein Ydj1 fine-tunes proteostasis and translational fidelity.

Proteostasis, the maintenance of cellular protein balance, is essential for cell viability and is highly conserved across all organisms. Newly synthesized proteins, or "clients," undergo sequential processing by Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90 chaperones to achieve proper folding and functionality. Despite extensive characterization of post-translational modifications (PTMs) on Hsp70 and Hsp90, the modifications on Hsp40 remain less understood.

High-Photon-Loss Threshold Quantum Computing Using GHZ-State Measurements.

We propose fault-tolerant architectures based on performing projective measurements in the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) basis on constant-sized, entangled resource states. We present linear-optical constructions of the architectures, where the GHZ-state measurements are encoded to suppress the errors induced by photon loss and the probabilistic nature of linear optics. Simulations of our constructions demonstrate high single-photon-loss thresholds compared to the state-of-the-art linear-optical architecture realized with encoded two-qubit fusion measurements performed on constant-sized resource states.

Acetylation of the yeast Hsp40 chaperone protein Ydj1 fine-tunes proteostasis and translational fidelity.

Proteostasis, the maintenance of cellular protein balance, is essential for cell viability and is highly conserved across all organisms. Newly synthesized proteins, or "clients," undergo sequential processing by Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90 chaperones to achieve proper folding and functionality. Despite extensive characterization of post-translational modifications (PTMs) on Hsp70 and Hsp90, the modifications on Hsp40 remain less understood.

Understanding chaperone specificity: evidence for a 'client code'.

The interactions of molecular chaperones with clients can be regulated by chaperone post-translational modification (PTMs) collectively known as the 'chaperone code'. What is less understood is how PTMs on client proteins may impact chaperone-client interactions. In this forum, we discuss the possibility of a 'client code'.

Comprehensive characterization of the Hsp70 interactome reveals novel client proteins and interactions mediated by posttranslational modifications.

Hsp70 interactions are critical for cellular viability and the response to stress. Previous attempts to characterize Hsp70 interactions have been limited by their transient nature and the inability of current technologies to distinguish direct versus bridged interactions. We report the novel use of cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) to comprehensively characterize the Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) Hsp70 protein interactome.

The APE2 Exonuclease Is a Client of the Hsp70-Hsp90 Axis in Yeast and Mammalian Cells.

Molecular chaperones such as Hsp70 and Hsp90 help fold and activate proteins in important signal transduction pathways that include DNA damage response (DDR). Previous studies have suggested that the levels of the mammalian APE2 exonuclease, a protein critical for DNA repair, may be dependent on chaperone activity. In this study, we demonstrate that the budding yeast Apn2 exonuclease interacts with molecular chaperones Ssa1 and Hsp82 and the co-chaperone Ydj1.

Feeling the heat: how chaperones deal with biomolecular condensates.

Yoo et al. have uncovered the minimal requirements of chaperone-mediated dispersal of Pab1 biomolecular condensates. These studies expand our understanding of the uniqueness of co-chaperones and add to our fundamental understanding of the heat shock response in cells.

The C-terminal domain of Hsp70 is responsible for paralog-specific regulation of ribonucleotide reductase.

The Hsp70 family of molecular chaperones is well-conserved and expressed in all organisms. In budding yeast, cells express four highly similar cytosolic Hsp70s Ssa1, 2, 3 and 4 which arose from gene duplication. Ssa1 and 2 are constitutively expressed while Ssa3 and 4 are induced upon heat shock.

Resource-Efficient Topological Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computation with Hybrid Entanglement of Light.

We propose an all-linear-optical scheme to ballistically generate a cluster state for measurement-based topological fault-tolerant quantum computation using hybrid photonic qubits entangled in a continuous-discrete domain. Availability of near-deterministic Bell-state measurements on hybrid qubits is exploited for this purpose. In the presence of photon losses, we show that our scheme leads to a significant enhancement in both tolerable photon-loss rate and resource overheads.

A Mathematical Method for Electromyography Analysis of Muscle Functions during Yogasana.

Context: For the past few decades, the number of people practicing yoga is increasing in number. Yogasanas need smooth body movements in the process of attaining defined postures that the person must hold on to activate specific muscles of the body related to that asana. Yogasanas should be performed with perfection to derive maximum benefits.

Musculoskeletal Modeling and Analysis of Trikonasana.

Context: Yoga has origins speculated to date back to pre-Vedic Indian period and is practiced as a common exercise, both in India as well as all around the world. Although the yoga practices are ages old, there is not much research literature available. Moreover, with the advancement in technology, the modern analysis tools are not used up to their full potential.

Holistic assessment of anger in adolescents - Development of a rating scale.

Background: Anger related issues in adolescents are an important contributor to adolescent mortality and many negative developmental outcomes. Anger being the most primitive defence mechanism, determining its maladaptive nature is a complex phenomenon. Further, it lacks clarity in terms of its definition, demarcation from aggression and hostility, and also its assessment.

Fiber bragg grating sensor based device for simultaneous measurement of respiratory and cardiac activities.

This paper reports a novel optical ballistocardiography technique, which is non-invasive, for the simultaneous measurement of cardiac and respiratory activities using a Fiber Bragg Grating Heart Beat Device (FBGHBD). The unique design of FBGHBD offers additional capabilities such as monitoring nascent morphology of cardiac and breathing activity, heart rate variability, heart beat rhythm, etc., which can assist in early clinical diagnosis of many conditions associated with heart and lung malfunctioning.

Understanding Vrikshasana using body mounted sensors: A statistical approach.

Aim: A scheme for understanding how the human body organizes postural movements while performing Vrikshasana is developed in the format of this paper.

Settings And Design: The structural characteristics of the body and the geometry of the muscular actions are incorporated into a graphical representation of the human movement mechanics in the frontal plane. A series of neural organizational hypotheses enables us to understand the mechanics behind the hip and ankle strategy: (1) Body sway in the mediolateral direction; and (2) influence of hip and ankle to correct instabilities caused in body while performing Vrikshasana.

Time-frequency analysis of human motion during rhythmic exercises.

Biomechanical signals due to human movements during exercise are represented in time-frequency domain using Wigner Distribution Function (WDF). Analysis based on WDF reveals instantaneous spectral and power changes during a rhythmic exercise. Investigations were carried out on 11 healthy subjects who performed 5 cycles of sun salutation, with a body-mounted Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) as a motion sensor.

A mathematical model of effects on specific joints during practice of the Sun Salutation--a sequence of yoga postures.

The 'Sun Salutation' consists of a sequence of ten yoga postures, each posture counteracting the preceding one producing a balance between flexion and extension, performed with synchronized breathing and aerobic activity. As this sequence is often performed and recommended by many yoga practitioners, there is a need for the development of a biomechanical model to support its reported clinical benefits. This requires a detailed knowledge of the nature of the forces and moments at the various joints involved.

Motion analysis of sun salutation using magnetometer and accelerometer.

Background: Sun salutation is a part of yoga. It consists of a sequence of postures done with synchronized breathing. The practice of few cycles of sun salutation is known to help in maintaining good health and vigor.

Yoga techniques as a means of core stability training.

Core stability in general involves the muscular control required around the lumbar spine to maintain functional stability. Stability and movement are critically dependent on the coordination of all the muscles surrounding the lumbar spine. This paper aims to show that an age-old yoga practice, called Uddhyana Bhanda and Nouli, is an effective means of core stability.