P53 Gene Expression and Nitric Oxide Levels after Artemisinin-Caffeine Treatment in Breast, Lungs and Liver of DMBA-Induced Tumorigenesis.

Objective: With increasing incidence of cancers globally and limited resources in some affected countries, repurposing existing drugs for reducing tumorigenesis is highly important. Artemisinin and caffeine have potent anti-oxidative and anti-tumor properties but are therapies for other diseases. This study evaluated the biochemical and p53 gene modulatory effects of doses of artemisinin-caffeine combination on breast, lungs and liver tissues in rats induced with DMBA.