Atomistic Assessment of Cystine Kidney Stone Behavior in a Mechanical Breakdown Process by Nanobiorobots through Classical Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Because cystine kidney stones are a more serious challenge for health-related quality of life than other types of kidney stones, the search for a new treatment for cystinuria is considered the main goal of this study. To achieve the defined goal, classical molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanics calculations were implemented in this study. Three nanodrills with different stiffnesses (i.