Addison's disease due to Histoplasma duboisii infection of the adrenal glands.

Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. In the normal individual, both disseminated histoplasmosis and symptomatic adrenal histoplasmosis are rare. Herein, we describe the case of a 50-year-old gentleman residing in western Sudan who presented with a 7-month history of generalized body weakness, easy fatigue, and frequent attacks of vomiting and diarrhea.

A randomized open-label trial of artesunate- sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine with or without primaquine for elimination of sub-microscopic P. falciparum parasitaemia and gametocyte carriage in eastern Sudan.

Background: In areas of seasonal malaria transmission, treatment of asymptomatic carriers of malaria parasites, whose parasitaemia persists at low densities throughout the dry season, could be a useful strategy for malaria control. We carried out a randomized trial to compare two drug regimens for clearance of parasitaemia in order to identify the optimum regimen for use in mass drug administration in the dry season.

Methodology And Principal Findings: A two-arm open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted during the dry season in an area of distinct seasonal malaria in two villages in Gedarif State in eastern Sudan.

Schistosomal colitis without granuloma formation in a kidney transplant recipient.

Background: A 40-year-old male from the White Nile region in Sudan, who had received a kidney transplant 6 years previously, presented with fever, lower abdominal pain and diarrhea stained with blood of 5 months duration. He was on immunosuppressive maintenance therapy, consisting of ciclosporin 75 mg twice daily, prednisolone 10 mg once daily, and azathioprine 75 mg once daily.

Investigations: Laboratory investigations, liver function tests, renal function tests, stool microscopy, stool culture, abdominal ultrasound, and colonoscopy.

Immune responses directed against microfilariae correlate with severity of clinical onchodermatitis and treatment history.

The induction of pathological changes in Onchocerca volvulus infections is directly related to the presence of the microfilarial stage of this filarial nematode. Patients with either of the 2 major forms of the clinical disease (i.e.

Immunocompetence may be important in the effectiveness of Mectizan (ivermectin) in the treatment of human onchocerciasis.

Mectizan (Ivermectin) has been proved to be central to the control of onchoceriasis through self-sustainable community-based treatment. The possibility of parasitological unresponsiveness to this treatment or selection for drug resistance has emerged recently in many occasions. The reason for the reduced ability of Mectizan to maintain low levels of dermal microfilariae and early recurrent pruritus can only be speculated upon.