Results of a 12-Week Open-Label, Non-Interventional Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Olokizumab Therapy in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis after Switching from Anti-B-Cell Therapy during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.

Unlabelled: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly changed the understanding of the safety profile of therapies for immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs). This is primarily due to the negative impact of a number of basic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and genetically engineered biological drugs (biological DMARDs, or biologics) on the course and outcomes of a new coronavirus infection. A number of studies have shown that anti-B-cell therapy (rituximab) gave a statistically significant increase in the risk of severe COVID-19 and an increase in mortality.

Analysis of T-cell and Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Antigens in Rituximab-Treated Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Vaccinated with Combined Vector Vaccine Gam-COVID-Vac.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant changes in managing of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rituximab-treated patients were more susceptible to severe infection. This required a "switch" to another genetically engineered drug in the patients with high risk of adverse COVID-19.

[The study of the features of the determination and nature of the localization of 2-amino-4.6-dinitrophenol in the body of warm-blooded animals in case of lethal poisoning].

The aim of the work is to study the nature of the distribution of 2-A-4.6-DNP in the organisms of warm-blooded animals with intragastric administration of a toxicant. The study was carried out using the methods of TLC, UV-Visible spectroscopy, and GC-MS using derivatives of 2-A-4.

[Development of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol examination methods to evaluate the features of its distribution in warm-blooded animals].

Is to study a 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol (2.4,6-TNP) distribution in warm-blooded animals using physical chemical analysis methods after intragastric injection of toxicant. The methods of thin-layer chromatography, spectrophotometry and high-efficient liquid chromatography were used in the study process.

[Immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases and COVID-19: analysis of clinical outcomes according to the data of the register of patients of the Novosibirsk region receiving therapy with genetically engineered biological drugs].

Background: Currently, observations are accumulating indicating the negative effect of therapy with a number of biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) drugs on the course of COVID-19. These facts determine the relevance of studying the factors of severe course and unfavorable outcome in immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD) patients treated with bDMARDs in order to develop tactics for managing this category of patients in a pandemic.

Aim: To evaluate the influence of clinical and demographic factors on the risk of development, severity of the course and clinical outcomes of a new coronavirus infection in patients suffering from IIRD and receiving therapy with genetically engineered biological drugs.

Aptamers for Proteins Associated with Rheumatic Diseases: Progress, Challenges, and Prospects of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications.

Nucleic acid aptamers capable of affine and specific binding to their molecular targets have now established themselves as a very promising alternative to monoclonal antibodies for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Although the main focus in aptamers' research and development for biomedicine is made on cardiovascular, infectious, and malignant diseases, the use of aptamers as therapeutic or diagnostic tools in the context of rheumatic diseases is no less important. In this review, we consider the main features of aptamers that make them valuable molecular tools for rheumatologists, and summarize the studies on the selection and application of aptamers for protein biomarkers associated with rheumatic diseases.

[Peculiarities of detection of 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-aniline in the biological material].

The objective of the present work was to study peculiarities of detection of 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-aniline in the biological material with the use of TLC, GC-MS, and electron spectrophotometry. We have proposed the rationale for the application of acetone as an insulating agent for the extraction of 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-aniline from the cadaveric hepatic tissue and biological fluids. It was shown that this compound is possible to separate from endogenous biomaterials on the silicagel L column (40/100 mcm).

[Factors responsible for spatial population genetic Structure in white-spotted char Salvelinus leucomaensis (Pallas)].

Using personal data obtained earlier on the spatial population genetic structure of white-spotted char at ten microsatellite loci, an analysis of factors shaping the interpopulation divergence was performed. The primary role of genetic drift in population differentiation over the distribution range was demonstrated, compared to the practically absent role of stepwise mutation process. This result points to the common origin and relative connections between southern and northern population groups.

[Peculiarities of isolation of 4-nitroanilin from the biological material].

The objective of the present work was to elucidate the peculiarities of isolation of 4-nitroanilin from the biological material with the use of TLC and HPLC techniques, low-pressure column chromatography, and spectrophotometry. The results of the study made it possible to substantiate the application of 1,4-dioxane as an agent for the isolation of 4-nitroanilin from the biological material. The optimal conditions of the procedure for isolation of 4-nitroanilin from the hepatic tissue using 1,4-dioxane were determined.

[Extraction of flutamide from aqueous solutions].

The objective of the present study was to elucidate peculiarities of flutamide extraction from aqueous solutions using he liquid-liquid extraction technique and spectrophotometry in the visible spectrum. The results of flutamide extraction were shown to depend on the chemical nature of the extractant, pH of the aqueous phase as well as its saturation with water and electrolytes. The study has demonstrated that the optimal conditions for flutamide extraction by ethylacetate are created by using the aqueous phase with the pH values in the range from 1.

[Population genetic differentiation of white-spotted char Salvelinus leucomaenis (Pallas) of Russian Far East].

The genetic structure of the populations in white-spotted char Salvelinus leucomaenis (family Salmonidae) was determined based on variations in ten microsatellite DNA loci in samples from different parts of the species range in the Russian Far East. In a number of samples, variations in 21 allozyme loci were examined, of which five loci were found to be polymorphic. The overall diversity level in the examined markers was comparable to that observed in a closely related char species, Dolly Varden.

[The distribution of 4-nitroanilin in the body of warm-blooded animals].

Specific distribution patterns of 4-nitroanilin in the body of warm-blooded animals (rats) were studied after the in vivo administration of this poisonous substance. It was shown that unmetabolized 4-nitroanilin accumulates in large quantities in the internal organs of the intoxicated animals. Its highest levels are found in the stomach and its contents, kidneys, and lungs.

[The detection of 2-nitroaniline and 2-nitro-4-methylaniline in the biological materials].

We have determined the optimal conditions for the extraction of 2-nitroaniline and 2-nitro-4-methylaniline in the biological material with acetone. Moreover, this study has demonstrated the possibility of purification of the extracts thus obtained and containing co-extracted components of the biological material by low-pressure chromatography on Silasorb C-18 columns with the particle size of 30 mcm. The modified methods of thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography are proposed for the isolation and identification of 2-nitroaniline and 2-nitro-4-methylaniline from the extracts of cadaveric liver tissue.

[Determination of 2,4,6-trinitromethylbenzene in biological material].

The objective of this study was to search for the optimal conditions necessary to extract 2,4,6-trinitromethylbenzene (2,4,6-TNMB) from biological material with acetonitrile. It is shown that 2,4,6-TNMB can be purified from the coextracted components of the biological material on a silica gel column, L 40/100 mcm. Methods are described for the identification and quantitative measurement of 2,4,6-trinitromethylbenzene in the cadaveric liver tissue by thin layer paper chromatography, IR spectrophotometry, and reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-HPLC) with the use of a diode-matrix detector.

[Variation in mitochondrial DNA in Far Eastern mullet pilengas, Liza haematocheilus Temminck and Schlegel, acclimatized in the Azov-Black Sea basin].

This study continues the investigation of genetic variation in the populations of native and acclimatized in the Azov-Black Sea basin pilengas from the Sea of Japan. The previous comparison based on allozyme analysis was supplemented by analysis of restriction polymorphism of a mitochondrial DNA fragment containing the cytochrome b gene and the D-loop. Five out of fifteen endonucleases tested detected polymorphic sites.

[Microsatellite variability and differentiation of hatchery stocks of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta Walbaum in Sakhalin].

Variability at eight microsatellite loci was examined in five populations of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta Walbaum from Sakhalin hatcheries. The population of Kalinino hatchery had the lowest heterozygosity and the lowest average number of alleles per locus. The populations examined exhibited significant differentiation, theta ST = 0.

[Genetic differentiation of pink salmon oncorhynchus gorbuscha Walbaum in the Asian part of the range].

Genetic variation at 19 allozyme (including 11 polymorphic) and 10 microsatellite loci was examined in the population samples of odd- and even-broodline pink salmon from the southern part of Sakhalin Island, Southern Kuril Islands, and the northern coast of the Sea of Okhotsk. The estimates of relative interpopulation component of genetic variation over the allozyme loci, per broodline, were on average 0.43% (GST), while over the microsatellite loci it was 0.

[Variation of cytochrome b gene in sympatric chars from Kronotsky Lake (Kamchatka oblast)].

In previously identified sympatric char forms (species) from Kronotsky Lake (Kamchatka Peninsula) and a number of other chars from the genus Salvelinus, nucleotide sequences of the mtDNA cytochrome b gene were determined and phylogenetic analysis of these forms was performed. The divergence of the cytochrome b gene in the Kronotsky char group (0.48%) coincided with the interpopulation difference estimates in northern Dolly Varden, which indicates a relatively recent divergence of the chars from Kronotsky Lake.

[Genetic divergence of chars of the genus Salvelinus from Kronotsky Lake (Kamchatka Peninsula)].

Chars from the genus Salvelinus, inhabiting lakes and lake-river systems, belong to morphologically and ecologically different forms whose taxonomic status is under dispute. In the present work, we have examined genetic variation and divergence in various chars from the Kronotsky lake basin: the lacustrine chars (white, nose, and long-head) and Dolly Varden char Salvelinus malma. The study was conducted using analysis of allozyme and microsatellite loci, myogens, RAPD, and restriction analysis of two mtDNA segments.

[Far Eastern mullet Mugil soiuy Basilewsky (Mugilidae, Mugiliformes): the genetic structure of populations and its change under acclimatization].

The introduction of Far Eastern mullet (pilengas) in the Azov Sea in the 1970s-1980s has resulted in the formation of a self-reproducing commercial population. We have carried out a comparative population-genetic analysis of the mullet from the native (Primorye, the Sea of Japan basin) and the new (The Azov Sea basin) ranges. Genetic characteristics of three Primorye and three Azov local samples were studied using electrophoretic analysis of 15 enzymes encoded by 21 gene loci.

[Simultaneous operations in surgical practice].

Simultaneous operations (SO) is an actual problem of abdominal surgery. Two-three surgical diseases can be treated simultaneously thus shortening the total period of the patient's staying at hospital, increasing the economical efficiency of the treatment. An analysis of 192 SO on 94 patients and of 42 laparoscopic SO has been made.

[Allozyme diversity and genetic divergence of the dolly varden Salvelinus malma Walbaum from the Kuril islands].

Genetic variation was studied in the southern subspecies of the Asian Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma krascheninnikovi from the Kuril Islands. Thirty-six genetic loci controlling 19 enzyme systems were analyzed in 13 Dolly Varden populations from the Shumshu, Paramushir, Onekotan, Rasshua, Simushir, Urup, Iturup, and Kunashir islands. In the studied populations, the proportion of polymorphic loci was 35 to 85% and the mean heterozygosity was 0.