Prevalence and incidence of HPV-related dysplasia of oropharyngeal, cervical, and anal mucosae in Spanish people living with HIV (PLHIV).

Background: Objectives were to determine the prevalence/incidence of HPV-related dysplasia and clearance/acquisition rates of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes in genital mucosa of women-LHIV and oropharyngeal and anal mucosa of PLHIV and to evaluate factors related to HR-HPV infection in oropharyngeal mucosa at 12-months.

Material And Methods: Prospective, longitudinal study with 12-month follow-up, enrolled PLHIV between December 2022 and April 2023. At baseline and 12-months, HIV-related clinical and analytical variables were recorded, oropharyngeal mucosa exudates were taken for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies for HPV and other sexually transmitted infections, while anal and female genital samples were self-sampled for HPV detection and genotyping by PCR and thin-layer cytology.

Synthesis, characterization, and enzyme inhibition evaluation of sitagliptin derivatives and their metal complexes.

Aims: This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of novel sitagliptin derivatives, aiming to develop potent, orally active anti-diabetic agents with minimal side effects for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Copper (II) (SCu1-SCu9) and zinc (II) (SZn1-SZn9) metal complexes of sitagliptin-based derivatives were synthesized via a template reaction.

Material & Method: The synthesized complexes were comprehensively characterized using elemental analysis, FTIR, UV-Vis, 1 h NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy.

Personalizing Quality Improvement: Addressing Anticoagulation Gaps in Atrial Fibrillation.

Introduction: Risk of stroke is greater in patients with atrial fibrillation. Anticoagulation is effective at decreasing risk, yet 40-50% of eligible patients are not prescribed anticoagulation and seem to have a concerning gap in care quality. This quality improvement initiative implemented a pharmacist-led approach to identify, verify, and close apparent anticoagulation treatment gaps.

Cutaneous Wound-Healing Activity of Quercetin-Functionalized Bimetallic Nanoparticles.

Quercetin, a natural flavonol, is reported to have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, which further aids in its good wound-healing properties via acting on acute as well as chronic inflammatory phases. The current study is focused on understanding the potential of the green-synthesized iron and zinc oxide bimetallic (i.e.

[Pathological fractures of the extremities].

The diagnostics and treatment of pathological fractures of the extremities differ from the approach for conventional fractures. Metastases from breast, bronchial, renal cell and prostate cancer are the predominant cause. Typically, patients present at over 50 years old present after an inadequate trauma.

Novel Dual Acetyl- and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors Based on the Pyridyl-Pyridazine Moiety for the Potential Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cholinergic dysfunction, making the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) critical for improving cholinergic neurotransmission. However, the development of effective dual inhibitors remains challenging. : This study aims to synthesize and evaluate novel pyridazine-containing compounds as potential dual inhibitors of AChE and BuChE for AD treatment.

A new insight of blood vs. buccal DNA methylation in the forensic identification of monozygotic triplets.

The case of the monozygotic (MZ) twin as a suspect demonstrates a practical problem in forensic casework. As the MZ twins are genetically identical, they share the same short tandem repeat (STR) profile. Many studies showed that older MZ twins have significant differences in overall content and genomic distribution of methylation between them.

Pattern of intestinal parasitic infections in children with malnutrition in Somalia.

Objectives: Children living in conflict zones plagued with adverse climatic conditions often suffer from acute malnutrition. Being coinfected with intestinal parasites could worsen the prognosis if adequate interventions are not promptly instituted. We determined the pattern of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) in children with acute malnutrition in the Bay and Banadir regions of Somalia.

Reinforcement learning of biomimetic navigation: a model problem for sperm chemotaxis.

Motile biological cells can respond to local environmental cues and exhibit various navigation strategies to search for specific targets. These navigation strategies usually involve tuning of key biophysical parameters of the cells, such that the cells can modulate their trajectories to move in response to the detected signals. Here we introduce a reinforcement learning approach to modulate key biophysical parameters and realize navigation strategies reminiscent to those developed by biological cells.

Development of a Bladder Injury Classification System for Endoscopic Procedures: A Mixed-methods Study Involving Expert Consensus and Validation.

Background And Objective: The widespread adoption and rapid integration of new technologies and techniques in endoscopic and laser bladder interventions, particularly endoscopic enucleation, have led to new types of bladder injuries. This underscores the need for an intraoperative injury classification system. This study aims to develop and validate the Bladder Injury Classification System for Endoscopic Procedures (BICEP), which standardizes the classification of complications and intervention requirements.

A triple hormone receptor ER, AR, and VDR signature is a robust prognosis predictor in breast cancer.

Background: Despite evidence indicating the dominance of cell-of-origin signatures in molecular tumor patterns, translating these genome-wide patterns into actionable insights has been challenging. This study introduces breast cancer cell-of-origin signatures that offer significant prognostic value across all breast cancer subtypes and various clinical cohorts, compared to previously developed genomic signatures.

Methods: We previously reported that triple hormone receptor (THR) co-expression patterns of androgen (AR), estrogen (ER), and vitamin D (VDR) receptors are maintained at the protein level in human breast cancers.

Gene Signature for Predicting Metastasis in Prostate Cancer Using Primary Tumor Expression Profiles.

Unlabelled: Prostate cancer (PCa) is currently the most commonly diagnosed cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related death in men in the United States. The development of metastases is associated with a poor prognosis in PCa patients. Since current clinicopathological classification schemes are unable to accurately prognosticate the risk of metastasis for those diagnosed with localized PCa, there is a pressing need for precise and easily attainable biomarkers of metastatic risk in these patients.

International Alliance of Urolithiasis (IAU) guidelines on the management of pediatric urolithiasis.

The aim of this study was to construct the sixth in a series of guidelines on the treatment of urolithiasis by the International Alliance of Urolithiasis (IAU) that by providing a clinical framework for the management of pediatric patients with urolithiasis based on the best available published literature. All recommendations were summarized following a systematic review and assessment of literature in the PubMed database from January 1952 to December 2023. Each generated recommendation was graded using a modified GRADE methodology.

Impact of different mating ratios of broiler breeder on reproductive performance during post moult phase.

Studies comparing mating ratio after forced molting are important for improving the efficiency of broiler breeder flocks. This study examined the effect of mating ratios on Egg production, chick weight, fertility, hatchability and embryonic mortality rate in Arbor Acres Plus broiler breeders post-moult phase. A total of 195 birds (62 weeks old), consisting of 15 cocks and 180 hens were randomly allocated with uniform body weight in a Completely Randomized Design into three groups based on the mating ratio (cock to hen).

COVID-19 vaccination campaigns in fragile and conflict-affected settings, Somalia.

Problem: By 31 December 2021, only 5.5% (861 879/15 670 530) of the Somali population had been fully vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Approach: To rapidly increase COVID-19 vaccine coverage in 2022, the health ministry and its partners (World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund) adopted a more responsive strategy.

Safety and Immunogenicity of the Nonavalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in Women Living with HIV.

Background: The objectives were to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the nonavalent human papillomavirus (nHPV) vaccine in adult Spanish women living with HIV (WLHIV); the prevalence of anal and cervical dysplasia and nHPV vaccine genotypes in the anus and cervix; and risk factors for high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection in anal mucosa.

Methods: In this single-center, open-arm, non-randomized clinical trial, the nHPV vaccine was administered at 0, 2, and 6 months to WLHIV enrolled between February 2020 and November 2023, measuring vaccine antibody titers pre-vaccination and at 2, 6, and 7 months after the first dose. Cervical and anal cytology and HPV PCR genotyping studies were performed.

Essential roles of histone lysine methyltransferases EZH2 and EHMT1 in male embryo development of Phenacoccus solenopsis.

Paternal genome elimination (PGE) is an intriguing but poorly understood reproductive strategy in which females are typically diploid, but males lose paternal genomes. Paternal genome heterochromatin (PGH) occurs in arthropods with germline PGE, such as the mealybug, coffee borer beetles, and booklice. Here, we present evidence that PGH initially occurs during early embryo development at around 15 h post-mating (hpm) in the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley.

Assessment of surgical, anesthesia, and obstetric workforce in Somalia.

Background: One of the core indicators recommended by the Lancet Commission is surgical workforce density, aiming to improve the number of surgery, anesthetists, and obstetric (SAO) providers to 20 per 100,000 population by 2030. We assessed SAO workforce capacity in Somalia and made recommendations for improvement.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire from the WHO Program for Global Surgery and Social Change (PGSSC) Surgical Assessment Tool.

Barbiturate-sulfonate hybrids as potent cholinesterase inhibitors: design, synthesis and molecular modeling studies.

Design and synthesis of a series of 5-benzylidene(thio)barbiturates . Evaluation of the inhibitory activity of the new chemical entities on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) using Donepezil as the standard reference. Compound emerged as the most potent AChE inhibitor (IC = 9.