Publications by authors named "Omar H Elsayed"
Introduction: Lumateperone is a novel antipsychotic medication that has recently received approval by the United States Food and Drug Administration for treatment of major depressive episodes of type I and II bipolar disorder. It is approved for use as monotherapy or as an adjunctive treatment to lithium or valproic acid.
Areas Covered: Clinical trials performed with lumateperone for bipolar disorder were reviewed.
Article Synopsis
- Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness that typically starts in late adolescence or early adulthood, causing significant difficulties in various areas of life, and its underlying causes are still largely unknown.
- The dopamine hypothesis has guided research into the illness, but recent studies highlight the potential role of acetylcholine (ACh), particularly through a combination treatment of the muscarinic agonist xanomeline and the antagonist trospium, which improved tolerability in patients.
- A clinical trial with this combination showed greater improvements in symptoms for those receiving the treatment compared to placebo, leading researchers to explore the cholinergic system as a promising avenue for better schizophrenia therapies, with further studies ongoing.
Catatonia is a severe psychomotor disorder that is associated with a 60-fold increased risk of premature death. Its occurrence has been associated with multiple psychiatric diagnoses, the most common being type I bipolar disorder. Catatonia can be understood as a disorder of ion dysregulation with reduced clearance of intracellular sodium ions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTreatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression: Therapeutic Trends, Challenges and Future Directions.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat
December 2022
Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental illness impacting 1-2% of the population worldwide and causing high rates of functional impairment. Patients with BD spend most of their time in depressive episodes and up to one-third of patients do not respond to adequate doses of medications. Although no consensus exists for definition of treatment-resistant bipolar depression (TRBD), failure of symptoms improvement despite an adequate trial of two therapeutic agents is a common theme of TRBD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Ethanol dependence is associated with a discontinuation withdrawal delirium. Chlordiazepoxide is frequently successfully used in its treatment.
Case Presentation: A 27-year-old, Caucasian female with ethanol dependence who had objective symptoms of withdrawal experienced worsening of her delirium after administration of chlordiazepoxide, but improved with lorazepam and cleared with discontinuation of benzodiazepine administration.
Pharmacologic treatment and management of bipolar disorder in adolescents.
Expert Opin Pharmacother
July 2022
Introduction: The importance of the appropriate therapeutic interventions in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder (BD) cannot be overstated since treatment choices and their consequences may have effects into adulthood.
Areas Covered: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating treatment of mania, bipolar depression, and maintenance in adolescents with BD are reviewed. When RCTs are not available or are inadequate, naturalistic data or open studies are also reviewed.
Article Synopsis
- - The review highlights significant advancements in psychosis treatment over the past decade, focusing on both new medications and innovative delivery methods from 2011 to 2020.
- - Key developments include the introduction of novel antipsychotics like cariprazine and pimavanserin, as well as new administration methods such as long-acting injections and transdermal patches.
- - Overall, the surge in second-generation antipsychotics offers clinicians a broader range of treatment options, improving management strategies for conditions like schizophrenia and mania.