Texture-Based Classification to Overcome Uncertainty between COVID-19 and Viral Pneumonia Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for COVID-19, often manifests symptoms akin to viral pneumonia, complicating early detection and potentially leading to severe COVID pneumonia and long-term effects. Particularly affecting young individuals, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems, the accurate classification of COVID-19 poses challenges, especially with highly dimensional image data. Past studies have faced limitations due to simplistic algorithms and small, biased datasets, yielding inaccurate results.

N4-Substituted Piperazinyl Norfloxacin Derivatives with Broad-Spectrum Activity and Multiple Mechanisms on Gyrase, Topoisomerase IV, and Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis.

Fluoroquinolones are an important class of antibiotics with broad-spectrum antibacterial and antitubercular activity. Here, we describe the design and synthesis of a series of 38 4-substituted piperazinyl norfloxacin derivatives. Their activity and mechanism of action were characterized using , , and approaches.

Rational design, synthesis, molecular modeling, biological activity, and mechanism of action of polypharmacological norfloxacin hydroxamic acid derivatives.

Fluoroquinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics that target gyrase and topoisomerase IV, involved in DNA compaction and segregation. We synthesized 28 novel norfloxacin hydroxamic acid derivatives with additional metal-chelating and hydrophobic pharmacophores, designed to enable interactions with additional drug targets. Several compounds showed equal or better activity than norfloxacin against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and mycobacteria, with MICs as low as 0.

Piperazine-2-carboxylic acid derivatives as MTDLs anti-Alzheimer agents: Anticholinesterase activity, mechanistic aspect, and molecular modeling studies.

Development of Multitarget-Directed Ligands (MTDLs) is a promising approach to combat the complex etiologies of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein we report the design, synthesis, and characterization of a new series of 1,4-bisbenzylpiperazine-2-carboxylic acid derivatives 3-5(a-g), 7a-f, 8a-s, and their piperazine-2-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazole analogs 6a-g. In vitro inhibitory effect against Electrophorus electricus acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) from Equine serum was evaluated using modified Ellman's method, considering donepezil and tacrine as reference drugs.

Hesperidin hexosomal loaded nanodispersion: insights of its antimycobacterial, cytotoxic and anti-HCoV effects.

Fruits of L. Osbeck var. Valencia contain hesperidin as a major flavanone glycoside.

UPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS based metabolites profiling of seed with its anti- and anti-inflammatory activities.

Compared to its leaf, few studies have been reported on the seeds of Lam. Metabolites profiling analysis of seed methanolic extract (ME) and its fixed oil (MO) was attempted LC/MS and GC/MS. LC/MS analysis of seeds annotated 84 peaks of which glucosinolates and their corresponding acetyl isomers were abundant.

Synthesis, in vitro anticancer activity and in silico studies of certain pyrazole-based derivatives as potential inhibitors of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs).

New diphenyl-1H-pyrazoles were synthesized and screened for CDK2 inhibition where 8d, 9b, 9c, and 9e exhibited promising activity (IC = 51.21, 41.36, 29.

Synthesis, in vitro anticancer activity and in silico studies of certain isoxazole-based carboxamides, ureates, and hydrazones as potential inhibitors of VEGFR2.

The ensuing research presents the results of in vitro anticancer activity of novel 28 compounds of isoxazole-based carboxamides 3(a-d); ureates 4(a-g), 5, 6, 7a,b, 8; and hydrazones 9(a-f), 10(a-d), 11a,b as potential inhibitors of VEGFR2. The carboxamides and ureates were synthesized by converting 5-(aryl)-isoxzaole-3-carbohydrazides 1a,b to the corresponding carbonylazides 2a,b followed by treatment with the appropriate amines. The hydrazones were directly obtained through condensation of the carbohydrazide 1a,b with aldehydes and/or ketones.

Mechanistic selectivity investigation and 2D-QSAR study of some new antiproliferative pyrazoles and pyrazolopyridines as potential CDK2 inhibitors.

Novel series of diphenyl-1H-pyrazoles (4a-g) and pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines (5a-g and 7a-i) were synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against breast cancer cell line (MCF7) and Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2). The highest MCF7 growth inhibition activity was attained via compounds 4f and 7e (IC = 1.29 and 0.

Antibacterial and anti-quorum sensing activities of a substituted thiazole derivative against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and other multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Management of infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is still challenging. We herein report the antibacterial and anti-quorum sensing (anti-QS) activities of 5-acetyl-4-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) thiazole (AMPT) against MRSA and other multidrug-resistant bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by agar dilution method and bactericidal activity was assessed by a time-kill assay.

Effect of kitasamycin and nitrofurantoin at subinhibitory concentrations on quorum sensing regulated traits of Chromobacterium violaceum.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a mechanism of intercellular communication in bacteria that received substantial attention as alternate strategy for combating bacterial resistance and the development of new anti-infective agents. The present investigation reports on the assessment of using subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics for the inhibition of QS-regulated phenotypes in Chromobacterium violaceum. Primarily, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of a series of antibiotics were determined by a microdilution method.

Anti-hepatitis-C virus activity and QSAR study of certain thiazolidinone and thiazolotriazine derivatives as potential NS5B polymerase inhibitors.

The present study reports on evaluation of anti-HCV activity and QSAR of certain arylidenethiazolidinone derivatives as potential inhibitors of HCV-NS5B polymerase. The pursued compounds involving, 5-aryliden-3-arylacetamidothiazolidin-2,4-diones 4-6(a-f), 5-arylidine-2-(N-arylacetamido)-iminothiazolidin-4-one (10) and their rigid counterparts 5-arylidinethiazolotriazines 13-15(a-f), were synthesized and their structures confirmed by spectral and elemental analyses. The results of NS5B polymerase inhibition assay revealed compound 4e, as the most active inhibitor (IC = 0.

Ambrosin, a potent NF-κβ inhibitor, ameliorates lipopolysaccharide induced memory impairment, comparison to curcumin.

Despite its poor bioavailability, curcumin is a promising natural polyphenol targeting NF-κβ. NF-κβ is a target for new therapeutics because it plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease (AD). In contrast, ambrsoin, a sesquiterpene lactone which is a potent NF-κβ inhibitor, is scarcely studied in AD models.

Synthesis, antimicrobial activity and molecular modeling study of 3-(5-amino-(2H)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]-naphthyridinones as potential DNA-gyrase inhibitors.

Four series of triazolylnaphthyridinone derivatives were synthesized as structural surrogates of nalidixic acid. The targeted derivatives involve: 3-(5-acylamino-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-naphtyridin-4-ones 6(a-e); 3-(5-benzylidineamino-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-naphthyridin-4-ones 8(a-g) and their 6-bromonaphthyridin-4-one analogs 7(a-e); 9(a-g). The synthesized compounds were evaluated In vitro for their antimicrobial activity against selected resistant strains of G+ve, G-ve, and Mycobacterium phlei.

Biotransformation studies of prednisone using human intestinal bacteria Part II: Anaerobic incubation and docking studies.

Anaerobic incubation of prednisone 1 with human intestinal bacteria (HIB) afforded nine metabolites: 5beta-androst-1-ene-3,11,17-trione 3, 3alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-androstane-11,17-dione 4, 3beta,17alpha,20-trihydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-11-one 5, 3alpha,17alpha-dihydroxy-5alpha-pregnane-11,20-dione 6, 3alpha,17alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-pregnane-11,20-dione 7, 3beta,17beta-dihydroxy-5alpha-androstan-11-one 8beta, 3beta,17alpha-dihydroxy-5alpha-androstan-11-one 8alpha, 3alpha,17beta-dihydroxy-5alpha-androstan-11-one 9beta, and 3alpha,17alpha-dihydroxy-5alpha-androstan-11-one 9alpha. The structures of these metabolites (3-9) were elucidated using several spectroscopic techniques. Computer-aided prediction of potential biological activities of the isolated prednisone metabolites (3-9) revealed potential inhibition of prostaglandin E2 9-ketoreductase (PGE2 9-KR).