Anatomical and physiological adaptation of the scrotal artery with muscular reinforcement in the middle layer and connective reinforcement of the adventitia.

The histology of blood vessels shows they are structured in three layers or tunics: tunica intima, which includes the internal limiting lamina with high elastin content; tunica media of smooth muscles fibers of circular disposition, which includes the external limiting lamina; and tunica adventitia of connective tissue. The vascular system is essential in regulating body temperature, especially in the scrotum and testis. This study aimed to analyze the histology of the scrotal arteries and their possible relationship to testicular temperature homeostasis.

Effect of classical conditioning over immature and mature B lymphocytes regulation.

Classical conditioning (CC) with a sweet flavored is useful for experimental models of immune response. The objective this work was analyze spleen cell response on the differentiation of B-lymphocytes associated with the CC with sweet flavored in adult rats. Twelve adult male rats were divided (n = 3) in Group 1 (control); Group 2 without conditioned stimulus (WCS) received only water; Group 3 receiving only water with salt; Group 4 (experimental) with CS of sweet flavored and salty flavored afterwards.

Ultrastructural preservation of tissues and their reaction to the infection with trichinella in the El Plomo mummy: Muscle fiber ultrastructure and trichinosis/mummy of the Cerro El Plomo.

The El Plomo mummy was a pre-Columbian Incan child who was found mummified in the Andes Mountains above an altitude of 17,700 feet. In the environment, natural mummification occurred due to low temperatures and strong winds. Dating measurements (relative dating) by experts from the National Museum of Natural History of Chile established that the mummified body corresponds the Inca period (1,450 to 1,500 AD).

Viral infections in prostate carcinomas in Chilean patients.

Background: A few viruses have been detected in prostate cancer, however their role in the development of this malignancy has not been determined. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence and functionality of human papillomavirus (HPV) and polyomaviruses (BKPyV and JCPyV) in prostate carcinomas in Chilean patients.

Methods: Sixty-nine primary prostate carcinomas were analyzed for the presence of HPV, BKPyV and JCPyV using standard polymerase chain reaction protocols.

[Spermograms of healthy young subjects living in Arica, Chile].

Background: Semen analysis is one of the parameters used to predict male fertility. Semen can be altered by environmental pollutants; therefore it could be used as a biological marker of exposure in contaminated areas.

Aim: To analyze the spermogram values in a sample of healthy young males, residing in Arica, Chile.

The effect of paraoxon on spermatogenesis in Dugesia gonocephala from the Chilean Altiplano: proliferation and apoptosis.

Introduction And Aims: The Chilean Altiplano ecosystem is conserved free from contaminants and pollutants because of the absence of major local human activities such as agriculture or other industries. We studied the effects of paraoxon on proliferation and apoptosis of testicular cells during active spermatogenesis in Dugesia gonocephala collected from a pristine river (Guacollo) in the Altiplano region nearby Visviri town, Chile.

Materials And Methods: Adult planarians were incubated in varying concentrations of paraoxon (0.

Effect of malathion on the male reproductive organs of earthworms, Eisenia foetida.

Aim: To observe the cytotoxic effect of the organophosphate insecticide malathion in the reproductive tissues of the earthworms, Eisenia foetida.

Methods: Worms were nourished in soil treated with malathion at single sub-lethal doses of 0, 80, 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg soil. (LD50=880 mg/kg soil) and evaluated on days 1, 5, 15 and 30 after exposure.