Lactams Exhibit Potent Antifungal Activity Against Monospecies and Multispecies Interkingdom Biofilms on a Novel Hydrogel Skin Model.

Infections of intact and damaged skin barriers and keratin are frequently associated with complex biofilm communities containing bacteria and fungi, yet there are limited options for successful management. This study intended to focus on the utility of some novel proprietary lactam molecules, quorum sensing (QS)-derived halogenated furanones, which act to block the QS pathway, against key fungal pathogens of the skin (Candida albicans, Malassezia furfur and Microsporum gypseum). Moreover, we aimed to assess how these actives performed against complex interkingdom biofilms in a clinically relevant model.

Screening the Tocriscreen™ bioactive compound library in search for inhibitors of Candida biofilm formation.

Biofilms formed by Candida species present a significant clinical problem due to the ineffectiveness of many conventional antifungal agents, in particular the azole class. We urgently require new and clinically approved antifungal agents quickly for treatment of critically ill patients. To improve efficiency in antifungal drug development, we utilized a library of 1280 biologically active molecules within the Tocriscreen 2.

and biofilm frenemies: When the relationship sours.

The opportunistic yeast and lactic acid bacteria are frequently co-isolated from various infection sites on the human body, suggesting a common interkingdom interaction. While some reports suggest an antagonism, the reason for their co-isolation therefore remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to undertake a detailed characterisation of this dual-species interaction.

Small molecule based anti-virulence approaches against infections.

Fungi are considered "silent killers" due to the difficulty of, and delays in diagnosis of infections and lack of effective antifungals. This challenge is compounded by the fact that being eukaryotes, fungi share several similarities with human cellular targets, creating obstacles to drug discovery. , a ubiquitous microbe in the human body is well-known for its role as an opportunistic pathogen in immunosuppressed people.

as an Essential "Keystone" Component within Polymicrobial Oral Biofilm Models?

: Existing standardized biofilm assays focus on simple mono-species or bacterial-only models. Incorporating into complex biofilm models can offer a more appropriate and relevant polymicrobial biofilm for the development of oral health products. : This study aimed to assess the importance of interkingdom interactions in polymicrobial oral biofilm systems with or without , and test how these models respond to oral therapeutic challenges in vitro.

Comparison of Three Endodontic Irrigant Regimens against Dual-Species Interkingdom Biofilms: Considerations for Maintaining the Status Quo.

Endodontic infections are often interkingdom biofilms, though current clinical management rarely considers this phenomenon. This study aimed to evaluate new and standard endodontic antimicrobial regimens against simple and complex and mono- and dual-species biofilms. and mono- and dual-species biofilms were grown upon Thermanox™ coverslips and treated for 5 min with 3% NaOCl, 3% NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA, or 9% HEDP dissolved in 3% NaOCl.

Detection, treatment and prevention of endodontic biofilm infections: what's new in 2020?

Endodontic disease, a biofilm infection of the root canal space, is a significant cause of dental morbidity worldwide. Endodontic treatment, or root canal treatment, as it is commonly known is founded on the ability to eradicate microbial biofilm infection and prevent re-infection of the highly complex root canal space. Despite many "advances" in clinical endodontics we have seen little improvement in outcomes.

Biofilm Heterogeneity and Tolerance of Clinical Isolates: Implications for Secondary Endodontic Infections.

Aim: Endodontic infections are caused by the invasion of various microorganisms into the root canal system. is a biofilm forming yeast and the most prevalent eukaryotic microorganism in endodontic infections. In this study we investigated the ability of to tolerate treatment with standard endodontic irrigants NaOCl (sodium hypochlorite), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and a combination thereof.