Prevalence and Aetiology of Visual Impairment and Blindness in Persons with HIV/AIDS on Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Benin City, Nigeria.

Background: The use of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) has revolutionized the course and pattern of eye diseases in persons with HIV/AIDS which ultimately affects the visual status.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and etiology of visual impairment and blindness in people with HIV/AIDS on HAART in Benin City, Nigeria.

Methodology: This was a descriptive hospital-based study on all HIV/AIDS patients on HAART in the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) clinics of University of Benin Teaching Hospital seen from July to August 2018 and Central Hospital, Benin City in October 2019.

Impact of COVID-19 on Ophthalmic Outpatient Services in An Eye Care Center in Southern Nigeria.

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a communicable disease and a global pandemic affecting different parts of the world including Nigeria. Measures to curb the spread of the causative virus included a nationwide lockdown.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 on ophthalmic outpatient services in an eye care center in Nigeria.

Strengthening retinopathy of prematurity screening and treatment services in Nigeria: a case study of activities, challenges and outcomes 2017-2020.

Objectives: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) will become a major cause of blindness in Nigerian children unless screening and treatment services expand. This article aims to describe the collaborative activities undertaken to improve services for ROP between 2017 and 2020 as well as the outcome of these activities in Nigeria.

Design: Descriptive case study.

Terson Syndrome in a Patient with Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia.

The authors report a case of Terson syndrome in an adult with immune thrombocytopenia. Terson syndrome refers to an intraocular hemorrhage secondary to an intracranial hemorrhage or an acute rise in intracranial pressure. It is a rare but life-threatening complication and may be complicated with blindness in those who survive.

Current Trends in Treatment Outcomes of Orbital Cellulitis in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria.

Background: Orbital cellulitis refers to the inflammation or infection of the soft tissues of the orbit located behind the orbital septum.

Aim: To determine the current trends in the outcomes following the management of orbital cellulitis in a tertiary hospital in Southern Nigeria.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective review of medical records of patients with orbital cellulitis from January 2008 to December 2014 was conducted.

Ocular disorders in stroke patients in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.

Background: Stroke is a medical emergency of public health importance which affects the physical, mental, and emotional well-being of its victims. Management and rehabilitation are cumbersome for patients and caregivers. Ocular involvement and visual loss could further increase the burden of care.

Retinal Vein Occlusion in Benin City, Nigeria.

Background: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the most common occlusive retinal vascular disorder and results in varying degrees of visual loss.

Aim: To determine the pattern of presentation, risk factors, and treatment outcomes in a group of patients with RVO seen in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of patients who presented to the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria in whom a diagnosis of RVO was made over a 5 years period were reviewed.

Central serous chorioretinopathy in Benin City, Nigeria.

Background: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a retinal cause of visual loss. The aim of this report is to describe the pattern of presentation of CSCR in patients presenting to a tertiary hospital in Nigeria within a specified period.

Materials And Methods: The case folders of all patients in which a diagnosis of central serous retinopathy (CSR) was made from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014 were retrieved, data extracted and reviewed.

RETINAL DISEASES IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA.

Background: Retinal diseases are an important and common cause of ophthalmic consultation.

Aim: To determine the pattern of retinal diseases in the ophthalmic department of a tertiary hospital in Southern Nigeria.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective review of the case folders of patients with retinal pathologies seen between 2012 and 2013 was performed.

Syndrome of myelinated retinal nerve fibres, myopia, amblyopia and strabismus in a Nigerian.

Myelinated retinal nerve fibres (MRNF) are rare congenital anomalies. They may present in a syndrome characterised by ipsilateral myelinated retinal nerve fibres, myopia and amblyopia. We report a case of this rare condition with unilateral extensive MRNF, axial myopia, amblyopia and strabismus in a Nigerian girl.

Role of optical coherence tomography in posterior segment eye disorders: a review of two cases.

Optical Coherence Tomography produces high resolution tomographic in in vivo imaging of biological tissues. The study reviews OCT images of two patients with varied retinal pathologies to determine its usefulness in aiding evaluation and management of retinal diseases. The patients were imaged using OCT conventional fundus photography and angiography.

INITIAL EXPERIENCE WITH TRANSPUPILLARY DIODE LASER PHOTOCOAGULATION FOR RETINAL DISEASES.

Background: Lasers are an invaluable treatment modality for the management of some retinovascular diseases. One of these lasers is the diode laser which is easy to procure and maintain.

Aim: To review the outcomes of diode laser photocoagulation in patients with a variety of retinal conditions.

Chorioretinal coloboma in a paediatric population.

Aim: To determine the validity of laser photocoagulation as a prophylactic treatment in the prevention of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in a group of paediatric patients presenting with chorioretinal coloboma.

Methods: Observational case series of consecutive patients aged 0-15 years with chorioretinal coloboma seen in a tertiary eye hospital were reviewed. Data were analysed with SPSS version 16, a P-value of <0.

Awareness and screening for retinopathy of prematurity among paediatricians in Nigeria.

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative disorder of the retina which occurs in premature babies due to defective vasculogenesis. There are established screening guidelines to enhance its early identification and prompt treatment. The aim of the study was to determine the level of awareness of the screening protocols for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among paediatricians in Nigeria.

Cysticercosis in the anterior chamber: a case report.

Cysticercosisis a public health problem and its occurrence in the anterior chamber of the eye israre. It occurs following ingestion of poorly cooked infested meat of pigs, sheep and dogs etc. Clinical evaluation and investigations were done to determine the cause of defective vision in a 45 year old female patient.

A comparison study of conjunctiva disorders in technical and administrative sawmill workers in Nigeria.

Background: Workers in the sawmilling industry are at risk of various ocular hazards as a direct result of the sawmilling processes. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of conjunctival disorders between technical and administrative sawmill workers in Benin, Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on sawmill workers in Benin, Nigeria, between January and May 2009, with the aid of pre-tested questionnaires.

Problems of management of primary congenital glaucoma in Benin City, Nigeria.

Objectives: To determine the problems encountered in the management of primary congenital glaucoma in developing countries.

Methods: A prospective study of new patients with a diagnosis of primary congenital glaucoma attending the eye clinic of the University of Benin Teaching hospital, Benin City, Nigeria over a 5 year period, from July 2001 to June 2006. The age, sex, presenting complaints and duration were recorded.