Functional Microbial Communities in Hybrid Linear Flow Channel Reactors for Desulfurization of Tannery Effluent.

Recent research has demonstrated that hybrid linear flow channel reactors (HLFCRs) can desulfurize tannery effluent via sulfate reduction and concurrent oxidation of sulfide to elemental sulfur. The reactors can be used to pre-treat tannery effluent to improve the efficiency of downstream anaerobic digestion and recover sulfur. This study was conducted to gain insight into the bacterial communities in HLFCRs operated in series and identify structure-function relationships.

Synthesis of Stabilized Iron Nanoparticles from Acid Mine Drainage and Rooibos Tea for Application as a Fenton-like Catalyst.

Intensive mining activities generate toxic acid mine drainage (AMD) effluents containing a high concentration of metals, including iron. The chemical synthesis of iron nanoparticles from this waste could lead to further environmental concerns. Therefore, the green synthesis of nanoparticles using plants has gained significant interest because of several benefits, including being eco-friendly.

Bioflocculant produced by Bacillus velezensis and its potential application in brewery wastewater treatment.

This study was designed to evaluate the potential of bioflocculant producing strains isolated from wastewater sludge. According to the Plackett-Burman design, the response surface revealed glucose, magnesium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate as critical media components of the nutritional source, whereas the central composite design affirmed an optimum concentration of the critical nutritional source as 16.0 g/l (glucose), 3.

Sulfate-reducing and methanogenic microbial community responses during anaerobic digestion of tannery effluent.

Microbial communities were monitored in terms of structure, function and response to physicochemical variables during anaerobic digestion of tannery and associated slaughterhouse effluent in: (i) 2 L biochemical methane potential batch reactors at different inoculum to substrate ratios (2-5) and initial sulfate concentrations (665-2000 mg/L), and (ii) 20 L anaerobic sequencing batch reactors with different mixing regimes (continuous vs. intermittent). Methanogenic and sulfidogenic community compositions in the 2 L reactors evolved initially, but stabilised after the start of biogas generation, although significant (ANOSIM p < 0.

Acylation of Anisole With Benzoyl Chloride Over Rapidly Synthesized Fly Ash-Based HBEA Zeolite.

Stable HBEA zeolite with high surface area and strong acid sites was synthesized from coal fly ash-based silica extract via indirect hydrothermal synthesis. The rapid HBEA hydrothermal crystallization times of 8, 10, and 12 h were achieved through a reduced molar water fraction in the synthesis composition. The HBEA zeolites prepared from fly ash silica extract exhibited well-defined spheroidal-shaped crystal morphology with uniform particle sizes of 192, 190, or 239 nm obtained after 8, 10, or 12 h of synthesis time, respectively.

A feasibility assessment of the production of char using the slow pyrolysis process.

There is a growing need for the production and use of sustainable biofuels worldwide. One noteworthy approach is the production of biofuels via the thermochemical conversion of lignocellulose biomass. This work studied the production of char via the slow pyrolysis of corn-stover as a suitable supplement or replacement of coal in industrial processes.

Evaluation of Fresh Water Actinomycete Bioflocculant and Its Biotechnological Applications in Wastewaters Treatment and Removal of Heavy Metals.

This study evaluated the potential of a biopolymeric flocculant produced by sp. isolated from Sterkfontein Dam, South Africa. Microbial flocculants aid the aggregation of suspended solutes in solutions, thus, suggesting its alternative application to inorganic and synthetic organic flocculants, which are associated with health-related problems.

Effect of culture conditions on the competitive interaction between lactate oxidizers and fermenters in a biological sulfate reduction system.

Kinetic constants (μ(max) and K(s)) describing the predominance of lactate oxidation and fermentation were determined in chemostat cultures. The kinetics of sulfate reduction and lactate utilization were determined from 0.5 to 5d residence times at feed sulfate concentrations of 1.

Study of anaerobic lactate metabolism under biosulfidogenic conditions.

Biological sulfate reduction (BSR) has been reported to have potential for the treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD). The provision of a suitable carbon source and electron donor for this process remains a challenge. Lactate offers potential advantages as carbon source and electron donor in the biological sulfate reduction process.