In vitro generation of spiral ganglion neurons from embryonic stem cells.

Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) are crucial for transmitting auditory signals from the inner ear to the brainstem, playing a pivotal role in the peripheral hearing process. However, SGNs are usually damaged by a variety of insults, which causes permanent hearing loss. Generating SGNs from stem cells represents a promising strategy for advancing cell-replacement therapies to treat sensorineural hearing loss.

Brain organoid: a 3D technology for investigating cellular composition and interactions in human neurological development and disease models in vitro.

The study of human brain physiology, including cellular interactions in normal and disease conditions, has been a challenge due to its complexity and unavailability. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) study is indispensable in the study of the pathophysiology of neurological disorders. Nevertheless, monolayer systems lack the cytoarchitecture necessary for cellular interactions and neurological disease modeling.

Tumorigenic and Immunogenic Properties of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: a Promising Cancer Vaccine.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are mainly characterized by their unlimited proliferation abilities and potential to develop into almost any cell type. The creation of this technology has been of great interest to many scientific fields, especially regenerative biology. However, concerns about the safety of iPSC application in transplantation have arisen due to the tumorigenic and immunogenic properties of iPSCs.