Association between experienced stigma, anxiety, depression and loneliness among people with drug-resistant tuberculosis in Lagos Nigeria: The moderating role of social support.

Background: This study assessed the moderating effect of social support on the association between experienced stigma versus anxiety, depression and loneliness among people with drug-resistant tuberculosis.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 203 adults on treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis for at least 8 weeks. Validated scales were used to assess experienced stigma, anxiety, depression, loneliness and social support.

The Role of Trust as a Driver of Private-Provider Participation in Disease Surveillance: Cross-Sectional Survey From Nigeria.

Background: Recognition of the importance of valid, real-time knowledge of infectious disease risk has renewed scrutiny into private providers' intentions, motives, and obstacles to comply with an Integrated Disease Surveillance Response (IDSR) framework. Appreciation of how private providers' attitudes shape their tuberculosis (TB) notification behaviors can yield lessons for the surveillance of emerging pathogens, antibiotic stewardship, and other crucial public health functions. Reciprocal trust among actors and institutions is an understudied part of the "software" of surveillance.

The effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on Tuberculosis (TB) case notification in Ogun State, Nigeria.

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in disruptions in delivery of Tuberculosis services especially, in resource-limited settings. Provisional data by the WHO from 84 countries indicates that about 1.4 million fewer people received care for tuberculosis in 2020 than in 2019.

Health-related quality of life among adults newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis in Lagos State, Nigeria: a prospective study.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) has far-reaching effects on the social, mental, and emotional well-being of patients and consequently, their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Few studies in Nigeria have examined changes in quality of life over the course of treatment. changes in (PTB) and factors associated with HRQOL.

Improving measurement of tuberculosis care cascades to enhance people-centred care.

Care cascades represent the proportion of people reaching milestones in care for a disease and are widely used to track progress towards global targets for HIV and other diseases. Despite recent progress in estimating care cascades for tuberculosis (TB) disease, they have not been routinely applied at national and subnational levels, representing a lost opportunity for public health impact. As researchers who have estimated TB care cascades in high-incidence countries (India, Madagascar, Nigeria, Peru, South Africa, and Zambia), we describe the utility of care cascades and identify measurement challenges, including the lack of population-based disease burden data and electronic data capture, the under-reporting of people with TB navigating fragmented and privatised health systems, the heterogeneity of TB tests, and the lack of post-treatment follow-up.

Do private health providers adhere to National Tuberculosis Guideline while assigning treatment outcome? Findings from a lower middle-income country.

Background: Treatment success rate is an important indicator to measure the performance of the National Tuberculosis Program (NTP). There are concerns about the quality of outcome data from private facilities engaged by NTP. Adherence of private providers of tuberculosis care to NTP guideline while assigning treatment outcomes to patients is rarely investigated.

Factors associated with risky sexual behaviour among clients undertaking HIV testing and counselling services at a secondary referral hospital Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: This study determined the prevalence of risky sexual behaviour and its associated factors among clients who accessed HIV counselling and testing services at a secondary referral hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: A retrospective review of clients' records was conducted. The Client Intake Form of people who accessed HIV counselling and testing services at Mainland Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria between July 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, were reviewed.

Knowledge of International Standards for Tuberculosis Care among Private Non-NTP Providers in Lagos, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Studies specifically evaluating tuberculosis knowledge among private non-NTP providers using the International Standards for Tuberculosis Care (ISTC) framework are scarce. We evaluated the knowledge of ISTC among private non-NTP providers and associated factors in urban Lagos, Nigeria. We performed a cross-sectional descriptive study using a self-administered questionnaire to assess different aspects of tuberculosis management among 152 non-NTP providers in Lagos, Nigeria.

Pretreatment attrition and treatment initiation delay among rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis patients in Lagos, Nigeria: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Assessing associated factors of pretreatment attrition and treatment delays among rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) patients could serve as a valuable tool to control and prevent its community spread. We assessed the factors associated with pretreatment attrition and treatment initiation delays among RR-TB patients in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving secondary program data of RR-TB patients diagnosed using the Xpert MTB/RIF assay and initiated on treatment between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2017 in Lagos.

Clinical presentation of COVID-19-positive and -negative patients in Lagos Nigeria: A comparative study.

Background: A lot has been documented about the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We compared the clinical features of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed COVID-19 positive and negative patients admitted in Lagos State.

Methods: Medical records of all patients admitted in 15 isolation centres across Lagos state between 27 February 2020 and 30 September 2020, were abstracted and reviewed.

Hybrid Approach to Estimation of Underreporting of Tuberculosis Case Notification in High-Burden Settings With Weak Surveillance Infrastructure: Design and Implementation of an Inventory Study.

Background: The greatest risk of infectious disease undernotification occurs in settings with limited capacity to detect it reliably. World Health Organization guidance on the measurement of misreporting is paradoxical, requiring robust, independent systems to assess surveillance rigor. Methods are needed to estimate undernotification in settings with incomplete, flawed, or weak surveillance systems.

Implementation of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy among People Living with HIV in Northwestern Nigeria: Completion Rate and Predictive Factors.

Background: Despite proven benefits of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for people living with HIV (PLHIV), its implementation remains limited in low-resource settings. There are also programmatic concerns of the completion rate of IPT particularly when full integration with other HIV services has not been achieved.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the completion rate of IPT and predictive factors among PLHIV attending six government hospitals in Kebbi state, Northern Nigeria.

Challenges of Tuberculosis Control in Lagos State, Nigeria: A Qualitative Study of Health-Care Providers' Perspectives.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) burden in Nigeria is a reflection of the challenges of TB control strategy in the country. This study explored the challenges encountered by the health workers in public and private TB treatment centers in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: In-depth interviews were held with 34 health workers providing TB services in private and public health facilities and the Lagos state Program Officer between October 1, 2016 and January 31, 2017.

Cardiovascular risk factors among staff of a private university in South-west Nigeria.

Background: Globally, the death rate arising from the cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is high. This study assessed the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) among staff of the Babcock University.

Methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV INFECTION AMONG CLIENTS ACCESSING HIV COUNSELING AND TESTING SERVICES IN A SECONDARY REFERRAL HOSPITAL IN LAGOS, NIGERIA.

Background: HIV counselling and testing (HCT) provides an opportunity for people to learn more about the human immune deficiency virus (HIV). This study assessed the knowledge of, and factors associated with, HIV infections among clients assessing HCT services referral hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective review of records of clients who assessed HCT services at Mainland Hospital Lagos, Nigeria, between July 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, was done.

The pattern of comorbidity and its prevalence among drug-resistant tuberculosis patients at treatment initiation in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Multimorbidity is increasingly being recognized as a serious public health concern in the control of both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). This study assessed the pattern of comorbidities and their prevalence in DR-TB patients at treatment initiation in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted.

Leptin: Adiponectin ratio discriminated the risk of metabolic syndrome better than adiponectin and leptin in Southwest Nigeria.

Aim: To assess the ability of leptin, adiponectin and leptin: adiponectin ratio (LAR) to discriminate apparently healthy subjects with metabolic syndrome in Southwest Nigeria.

Methods: One hundred and twenty three subjects with metabolic syndrome (cases) were age matched with 123 subjects without metabolic syndrome. The serum adiponectin and leptin levels were measured using standard procedures.

Prevalence of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis and associated factors among presumptive tuberculosis patients in a secondary referral hospital in Lagos Nigeria.

Background: Nigeria is one of the 30 high burden countries for drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). This study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with rifampicin resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) in a secondary referral hospital in Lagos State Nigeria.

Methods: A retrospective review of presumptive TB register of patients screened for (MTB) and RR-TB using Xpert MTB/RIF assay at Mainland hospital between January 1 2012 and December 31 2016 was conducted.

Evaluation of outcomes of tuberculosis management in private for profit and private-not-for profit directly observed treatment short course facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria.

Background: The engagement of private practitioners in the public-private mix of tuberculosis (TB) management started in 2007 in Lagos State Nigeria. This study compared the treatment outcomes of patients managed at private for profit (PFP) and private not for profit (PNFP) directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) facilities.

Methods: A retrospective review of treatment cards of TB patients managed between January 1, 2012, and June 30, 2012, in seven PFP and four PNFP DOTS facilities that served as treatment and microscopy center under the Lagos State TB and Leprosy Control Programme (LSTBLCP) at least 2 years before data collection was conducted.

Trend of tuberculosis case notification and treatment outcome in Lagos State, Nigeria: a 5-year retrospective study.

Background: This study assessed trends of tuberculosis (TB) case notification rate (CNR) and treatment outcomes between 2011 and 2015 in Lagos State, Nigeria.

Methods: A retrospective review of TB notification data to the Lagos State Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme (LSTBLCP) between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2015 was conducted.

Results: A total of 44 516 TB cases were notified during the study period, representing 9.

Factors affecting utilization of youth friendly health services in Lagos State, Nigeria.

Background Youth friendly health services (YFHS) are services that attract, respond to the needs of and retain young people for continuing care. This study was conducted to determine the factors affecting utilization of government (GYFF) and non-governmental youth friendly facilities (NGYFF) in Lagos state, Nigeria. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TB/HIV CO-INFECTION AMONG DRUG SENSITIVE TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS MANAGED IN A SECONDARY HEALTH FACILITY IN LAGOS, NIGERIA.

Background: This study assessed factors associated with TB/HIV co-infection among TB patients managed in a secondary health facility in Lagos Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of treatment cards of patients seen at a secondary referral hospital between January 1 2014 and December 31 2014 was conducted. Treatment outcomes and factors associated with TB/HIV co-infection were assessed.

Spatial distribution of leprosy in Nigeria.

Background: Despite achieving the WHO elimination target of less than 1/10,000 population in 1998 at the national level, there are still pockets of relative high endemicity of leprosy in Nigeria. This study used spatial analytic techniques to determine the spatial distribution of leprosy in Nigeria.

Methods: The study is an ecological study of secondary data of new leprosy cases reported to the National TB and Leprosy Control Programme (NTBLCP) in Nigeria, 2010–2014.

Determinants of health system delay at public and private directly observed treatment, short course facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study.

Objective/background: Despite several studies on health system delay (HSD) among tuberculosis (TB) patients in Nigeria, no study has compared HSD in private and public health facilities. This study assessed the determinants of HSD in public and private health facilities offering the directly observed treatment, short course (DOTS).

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted.