Health-related quality of life among adults newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis in Lagos State, Nigeria: a prospective study.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) has far-reaching effects on the social, mental, and emotional well-being of patients and consequently, their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Few studies in Nigeria have examined changes in quality of life over the course of treatment. changes in (PTB) and factors associated with HRQOL.

Case study of a model primary health care program in Nigeria: History, evolution, challenges, and future perspectives.

This short report describes the historical evolution of a pioneer Model PHC programme located in Ogun State, southwest Nigeria, as a direct result of the vision and effort of Professor Olikoye Ransome-Kuti, and his drive to entrench the delivery of primary health care (PHC) in Nigeria. It describes some of the programmes inspired by the PHC philosophy at the Model PHC Centre, some of the challenges faced over the years, and the need to reposition the programme. It exemplifies key principles in PHC and its philosophy that are instructive for health practitioners, policymakers and development practitioners, especially those with interest in resource-poor countries.

The organisation of primary health care service delivery for non-communicable diseases in Nigeria: A case-study analysis.

As chronic diseases, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) require sustained person-centred and community-based care. Given its direct link to communities and households, Primary Health Care (PHC) is well positioned to achieve such care. In Nigeria, the national government has prioritized PHC system strengthening as a means of achieving national NCD targets.

"We just have to help": Community health workers' informal task-shifting and task-sharing practices for hypertension and diabetes care in Nigeria.

Introduction: Nigeria's skilled health professional health workforce density is insufficient to achieve its national targets for non-communicable diseases (NCD) which include 25% reduction in the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension, particularly at the primary health care (PHC) level. This places a great demand on community health workers (CHWs) who constitute the majority of PHC workers. Traditionally, CHWs are mainly involved in infectious diseases programmes, and maternal and child health services.

Building capacity of primary health care workers and clients on COVID-19: Results from a web-based training.

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) in the first line of care play critical roles in providing the correct information about the coronavirus disease to the community. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of virtual training on the knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices among PHC workers and their clients in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease.

Methods: A quasi-experimental intervention virtual training, using a before and after design amongst HCWs and clients was conducted at primary health care facilities in two Local Government Areas of Lagos State.

Nigeria in the COVID era: Health system strengthening for national security and prosperity.

The coronavirus disease-19 pandemic has spread to all parts of the world. As of 20 May 2022, over 500 million confirmed cases have occurred with over 6 million deaths. In Nigeria, over 255,000 cases have occurred with more than 3000 deaths.

Hepatitis B and C seroprevalence among residents in Lagos State, Nigeria: A population-based survey.

Background: Hepatitis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. It is often caused by hepatitis B and C, which are both preventable and treatable. Available information on Hepatitis B and C in Nigeria is based primarily on estimates obtained from specific population sub-groups or hospital-based surveys leaving gaps in population-level knowledge, attitudes, and prevalence.

The Need for Adult Pneumococcal Vaccination in Nigeria.

Despite universal immunization coverage on a global scale among children, the vast majority of immunocompromised adults, and particularly the elderly, remain unvaccinated. Considering that a significant proportion of mortality from pneumococcal disease occurs among the elderly, preventive measures through pneumococcal vaccination in adults, especially the elderly with co-morbidities, needs to be urgently explored and implemented in Africa, and particularly in Nigeria, to stem the tide of deaths resulting from pneumococcal disease among this population. This article looks at the pneumococcal epidemiology and burden of disease in Nigeria, as well as the vaccines available and the rationale for adult pneumococcal vaccination.

Lessons for strengthening childhood immunization in low- and middle-income countries from a successful public-private partnership in rural Nigeria.

Background: Immunization is a cost-effective public health strategy to reduce vaccine preventable disease, especially in childhood.

Methods: This paper reports the philosophy, service delivery, achievements and lessons learned from an immunization program in rural Nigeria privately financed via a corporate social responsibility initiative from GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals.

Results: The immunization program served the community for a 16-y period extending from 1998 until 2015, resulting in an increase in age-appropriate immunization coverage from 43% to 78%.

Aligning policymaking in decentralized health systems: Evaluation of strategies to prevent and control non-communicable diseases in Nigeria.

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are leading causes of death globally and in Nigeria they account for 29% of total deaths. Nigeria's health system is decentralized. Fragmentation in governance in federalised countries with decentralised health systems is a well-recognised challenge to coherent national health policymaking.

COVID-19: A review of the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions.

COVID-19, a highly infectious disease, caused by a novel virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has brought about an unprecedented threat to global health. First reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, it has now spread to all continents of the world becoming a pandemic. There is no known treatment or vaccine for it although many candidate drugs and vaccines are in various clinical trial phases.

Health literacy: Prevalence and determinants in Lagos State, Nigeria.

Background: Poor health literacy has been associated with poorer physical and mental health function, and higher emergency department and hospital utilizations. The study was conducted to measure the prevalence of health literacy and its determinants among Lagos State residents.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in three local government areas in Lagos State.

Predictors of Client Satisfaction Among Recent Users of Health Services in Lagos, Nigeria.

Client satisfaction is an important measure of quality of care as it provides information on how well health service providers meet clients' values and expectations. The study was cross-sectional and analytical in nature. Data were obtained with the use of an interviewer-administered questionnaire.

How does the public perceive healthcare workers in Lagos? A comparison of health workers in public and private health facilities.

Background: The perception of healthcare workers (HCWs) by community members is dependent on the quality of services rendered by HCWs and contributes to utilisation. The objective of the study was to assess the perception of health workers in both public and private facilities by residents of Lagos State.

Materials And Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using mixed-methods approach.

Characteristics of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Positive Patients Screened for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis at a Tertiary Health Facility in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Nigeria is one of the ten countries with the highest tuberculosis (TB) burden globally and is experiencing an increasing incidence of drug resistance. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance (DR-TB) among patients screened at the TB clinic of a tertiary institution in Lagos, South-West, Nigeria.

Methods: A review of records of 840 patients with suspected drug-resistant TB was carried out from Gene Xpert test clinic register at a tertiary health facility from November 2013 to April 2015.

Self-reported dental pain and dental caries among 8-12-year-old school children: An exploratory survey in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Dental pain is considered an important public health problem because it affects the daily life of children. This study was designed to assess the prevalence, associated factors, and impact of dental pain among 8-12-year-old school children in Lagos, Nigeria.

Subjects And Methods: A cross-sectional survey to determine self-reported dental pain among 8-12-year-old school children using an interviewer-administered questionnaire was conducted.

A malariometric survey of under-fives residing in indoor residual spraying-implementing and non-implementing communities of Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is used as part of the integrated vector management strategy for the control of malaria in Lagos, Nigeria. The purpose of this study was to compare the malariometric indices of children under 5 years old living in IRS-implementing and non-IRS-implementing communities of Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: The study was a community-based, comparative, cross-sectional study of 480 children under five recruited using a multi-stage sampling method.

A survey of knowledge and reporting practices of primary healthcare workers on adverse experiences following immunisation in alimosho local government area, Lagos.

Background: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among healthcare workers offering immunisation services in primary healthcare facilities in Alimosho Local Government Area, Lagos, Nigeria, on knowledge and reporting practices of healthcare workers on adverse events following immunisations (AEFIs).

Materials And Methods: A pre-tested, close-ended, self-administered questionnaire was used to assess knowledge and reporting practices on AEFI. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.

Youth friendly health services in a rural community of Lagos, Nigeria: are the youths receptive?

Background: Globally, the youths constitute a major segment of most societies particularly in developing countries. This study was undertaken to assess the perception and practices related to youth friendly health services (YFHS) by in-school adolescents in a rural community of Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted on 400 proportionately selected consenting respondents from the senior classes of the three secondary schools in Agbowa community.

Neonatal Jaundice: Knowledge, Attitude and practices of mothers in Mosan-Okunola community, Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: A community-based survey was conducted amongst mothers aged 15-49 years living in Mosan-Okunola, Lagos, Nigeria to determine the knowledge of, attitudes to, preventive and treatment practices towards neonatal jaundice (NNJ).

Materials And Methods: The mothers were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. A pre-tested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to obtain data.

Profile and outcome of patients with post-neonatal tetanus in a tertiary centre in south west Nigeria: any remarkable reduction in the scourge?

Introduction: The incidence of tetanus has remained unacceptably high in developing countries. We aimed to describe the profile and outcome of children with tetanus admitted at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja.

Methods: A prospective and cross-sectional study of children aged 1 month to 12 years of age admitted with clinical diagnosis of tetanus, between January 2011 and December 2013, at the Paediatric department of LASUTH.

Caregivers of Children with Congenital Heart Disease: Does Socioeconomic Class Have Any Effect on Their Perceptions?

Background: Studies from other parts of the world have documented knowledge gaps in parents of children with congenital heart disease (CHD). The authors are not aware of any study in the Nigerian population assessing the effect of socioeconomic class on the perceptions of caregivers of children with CHD.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of socioeconomic class on the perceptions of caregivers of children with CHD.

Safety and immunogenicity of 10-valent pneumococcal nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) in Nigerian children: Booster dose and 2-dose catch-up regimens in the second year of life.

In a previous study, 3-dose primary vaccination of Nigerian infants with the 10-valent pneumococcal nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) was immunogenic for vaccine pneumococcal serotypes, with comparable tolerability between PHiD-CV and control groups. In an open-label study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01153893), 68 primed children received a PHiD-CV booster dose co-administered with a diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTPa) booster dose at 15-21 months and 36 children unprimed for pneumococcal vaccination received two PHiD-CV catch-up doses (first dose co-administered with DTPa booster dose) at 15-21 and 17-23 months.