Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Jumbo Phage HPP-Temi Infecting Pa9 and Increasing Host Sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin.

is a bacteria responsible for many hospital-acquired infections. Phages are promising alternatives for treating infections, which are often intrinsically resistant. The combination of phage and antibiotics in clearing bacterial infection holds promise due to increasing reports of enhanced effectiveness when both are used together.

Tadalafil pretreatment attenuates doxorubicin-induced hepatorenal toxicity by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation in Wistar rats.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used anticancer agent, but its clinical application is limited by significant off-target hepatorenal toxicity. Tadalafil (TAD), a selective phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor used mainly for erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension, has shown potential in reducing oxidative stress. This study investigated TAD's chemoprotective effects and underlying mechanisms in DOX-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats over 12 days.

Apoptotic Potential of Iloneoside from Gongronema latifolium Benth against Prostate Cancer Cells Using In Vitro and In Silico Approach.

Prostate cancer is a major cause of cancer-related mortality in men worldwide. The anti-proliferative activity of Gongronema latifolium leaf extracts on some cancer cells has been reported. Herein, we investigated the growth inhibitory effect of the Gongronema latilolium leaf methanol extract and isolated pregnane (iloneoside) against prostate cancer cell lines using the MTT cell proliferation assay, apoptosis quantification, cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry and computational analysis molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation (MDs), binding free energy computation and cluster analysis.

Cholinergic Inhibition and Antioxidant Potential of Gongronema latifolium Benth Leaf in Neurodegeneration: Experimental and In Silico Study.

The use of Gongronema latifolium for the management of various forms of neurological disorders has generated a lot of interest in the need to further investigate its neurotherapeutic constituents. This work, therefore, focused on assessing the inhibitory potential of selected bioactive components derived from G. latifolium against key neurotherapeutic targets and oxidant species associated with neurodegeneration using in vitro analysis and biomolecular modelling.

Anti-apoptotic and antioxidant mechanisms may underlie the abrogative potential of Linn. Leaf extract and fractions against trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats.

Clinical use of trastuzumab (), has been widely associated with increased incidence of cardiotoxicity. Linn. is a household medicinal plant popularly used for treating inflammatory conditions.

Comparative Therapeutic Effect of Single/Combined Administration of Saxagliptin, Metformin and Intranasal Insulin on Dexamethasone Induced Insulin Resistance in Albino Wistar Rat Model.

Glucocorticoids have therapeutic benefits in the management of several inflammatory and immunological disorders. Despite these medicinal effects, they have the drawback of causing metabolic disorders such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance etc., which is known to be a key indicator of metabolic syndrome.

Oxidized dietary lipids induce vascular inflammation and atherogenesis in post-menopausal rats: estradiol and selected antihyperlipidemic drugs restore vascular health in vivo.

Background: Thermoxidation of edible oil through deep fat frying results in the generation of several oxidized products that promote lipid peroxidation and ROS production when eaten. Consumption of thermoxidized oil in post-menopausal conditions where the estrogen level is low contributes to cardiovascular disease. This study evaluates the role of estradiol and antihyperlipidemic agents (AHD) in restoring the vascular health of ovariectomized (OVX) rats fed with thermoxidized palm oil (TPO) and thermoxidized soya oil (TSO) diets.

Nutritional and Pharmaceutical Applications of Under-Explored Knottin Peptide-Rich Phytomedicines.

Phytomedicines reportedly rich in cystine knot peptides (Knottins) are found in several global diets, food/herbal supplements and functional foods. However, their knottin peptide content has largely been unexplored, notably for their emerging dual potentials at both the food and medicine space. The nutritional roles, biological targets and mechanism(s) of activity of these knotted peptides are largely unknown.

Inhibition mechanism of alpha-amylase, a diabetes target, by a steroidal pregnane and pregnane glycosides derived from Benth.

Alpha-amylase is widely exploited as a drug target for preventing postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetes and other metabolic diseases. Inhibition of this enzyme by plant-derived pregnanes is not fully understood. Herein, we used , , and studies to provide further insights into the alpha-amylase inhibitory potential of selected pregnane-rich chromatographic fractions and four steroidal pregnane phytochemicals (SPPs), viz: marsectohexol (P1), 3--[6-deoxy-3--methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→14)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl]-11,12-di--tigloyl-17β-marsdenin (P2), 3-O-[6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl]-17β-marsdenin (P3), and 3-O-[6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-canaropyranosyl]-17β-marsdenin (P4) derived from Benth.

Selected Antihypertensive Agents and Their Fixed-Dose Combinations Effectively Ameliorate Trastuzumab-Mediated Cardiac Dysfunction In Rats.

This study evaluates the therapeutic potentials of selected antihypertensive drugs [valsartan, amlodipine, lisinopril and their fixed-dose combinations (amlodipine + lisinopril) and (valsartan + lisinopril)] in ameliorating trastuzumab (TZM)‑induced cardiac dysfunctions in experimental rats. After an ethical clearance for the study was obtained, in-bred young adult female Wistar rats were randomly allotted into 10 groups of 6 rats per group. Group I rats were treated with 10 ml/kg/day sterile water p.

Combined Intranasal Insulin/Saxagliptin/Metformin Therapies Ameliorate the Effect of Combined Oral Contraceptive- (COC-) Induced Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) with a Major Target on Glucose Metabolism in Adult Female Wistar Rats.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the chronic use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs: ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel) on the indices of metabolic syndrome in adult female Wistar rats and possible therapeutic management.

Materials And Methods: 64 female Wistar rats received either distilled water, norethindrone (NOR), COC, intranasal insulin (INI), metformin (MET), saxagliptin (SAX), INI+MET, and INI+SAX. After 8 weeks of exposure to COC, the animals were sorted into the therapeutic groups.

Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of aqueous extract of in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats.

Background: is among the evergreen plants native to West Africa. It is used in the management of various ailments including anemia, fever, asthma and diabetes. This study evaluated the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effect of in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic rats.

Therapeutic Potentials of Selected Antihypertensive Agents and Their Fixed-Dose Combinations Against Trastuzumab-Mediated Cardiotoxicity.

Trastuzumab () is useful in the clinical management of HER2-positive metastatic breast, gastric, and colorectal carcinoma but has been limited by its off-target cardiotoxicity. This study investigates the therapeutic potentials of 0.25 mg/kg/day amlodipine, 0.

African Vegetables ( Leaf and Seed Extracts) Effectively Mitigate Trastuzumab-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Wistar Rats.

Trastuzumab () is a humanized monoclonal antibody that has been approved for the clinical management of HER2-positive metastatic breast and gastric cancers but its use is limited by its cumulative dose and off-target cardiotoxicity. Unfortunately, till date, there is no approved antidote to this off-target toxicity. Therefore, an acute study was designed at investigating the protective potential and mechanism(s) of and in -induced cardiotoxicity utilizing cardiac enzyme and oxidative stress markers and histopathological endpoints.

Seed Extract: An Effective Attenuator of Doxorubicin-Mediated Cardiotoxicity in Wistar Rats.

Cardiotoxicity as an off-target effect of doxorubicin therapy is a major limiting factor for its clinical use as a choice cytotoxic agent. Seeds of have been reported to possess both nutritional and medicinal values which include antidiabetic, weight losing, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidative effects. Protective effects of ethanol seed extract () was investigated in doxorubicin (DOX)-mediated cardiotoxicity induced with single intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg/kg of DOX following the oral pretreatments of Wistar rats with 100-400 mg/kg/day of for 10 days, using serum cardiac enzyme markers (cardiac troponin I (cTI) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)), cardiac tissue oxidative stress markers (catalase (CAT), malonyldialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and reduced glutathione (GSH)), and cardiac histopathology endpoints.

Ethanol Leaf Extract: A Potential Antidote to Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats.

Doxorubicin is widely applied in hematological and solid tumor treatment but limited by its off-target cardiotoxicity. Thus, cardioprotective potential and mechanism(s) of in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity were investigated using cardiac and oxidative stress markers and histopathological endpoints. 50-400 mg/kg/day in 5% DMSO in distilled water were investigated in Wistar rats intraperitoneally injected with 2.

Subchronic exposure to ; its neurotoxic potentials in young adult female Wistar rats.

Background: (camphor) {CHO} is a chemical substance used mostly amongst the Yoruba ethnic group in Western Nigeria to treat infantile colic during early childhood. This study assess the neurotoxic potentials of following sub-chronic exposure in female albino Wistar rats.

Methods: Twenty-eight female rats (mean weight of 130 g) were randomly selected and assigned into four (4) groups.

Extract Triggers ER Stress in Prostate Cancer Cells Concomitant with Induction of Apoptosis: Insights from and Studies.

Plant-based therapies are being explored to prevent or treat several cancer types. The antioxidant properties of plant are well established. In our previous work, we demonstrated the presence of cytotoxic compounds in the methanol extract of (MEP) with potent activity against human leukemia cells.

Safety effect of fractions from methanolic leaf extract of on reproduction in male wistar rats.

This study evaluates the reproductive toxicity of ethyl acetate and butanolic fractions from crude methanolic leaf extract of in male Wistar rats. Acute toxicity was assessed to determine the safety dose, Sub-chronic reproductive toxicity studies were carried out by administering daily 25, 100 and 400 mg/kg body weight doses of the fractions to respective group of animals and 1 ml of normal saline daily for the control group for 28 days. Blood, epididymis and testes were harvested for reproductive hormones, sperm parameters, and histopathologic analysis respectively.

Oral Ingestion of : Risks, Benefits, and Effects on Malaria-Infected Hosts.

The emergence of a multidrug-resistant strain of () raises concern about malaria control strategies. Unfortunately, the role(s) of natural plants/remedies in curtailing malaria catastrophe remains uncertain. The claims of potential antimalarial activity of have not been well established nor the consequences defined.

Iloneoside: a cytotoxic ditigloylated pregnane glycoside from the leaves of Gongronema latifolium Benth.

Gongronema latifolium Benth (Asclepiadaceae) is an edible-green-leafy vegetable with known medicinal value. A chemical investigation of the 80% methanolic extract of the leaves led to the isolation of a new pregnane glycoside: iloneoside (3-O-[6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→14)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl]-11,12-di-O-tigloyl-17β-marsdenin), together with four known constituents. Their chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis.

Comparative Antileukemic Activity of a Tetranorditerpene Isolated from Polyalthia longifolia Leaves and the Derivative against Human Leukemia HL-60 Cells.

The discovery of potent cytotoxic isolates from botanicals provides an opportunity to explore this viable tool for cancer chemoprevention. The antileukemic potential of clerodane diterpene from Polyalthia longifolia leaves has already been established. However, in this present study, utilizing chromatographic techniques we report for the first time, the isolation of a rare tetranorditerpene (compound 1) from P.