Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonism for psychosis: a living systematic review and meta-analysis of human and non-human data.

Background: Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonism shows promise for treating psychosis, prompting us to synthesise data from human and non-human studies.

Methods: We co-produced a living systematic review of controlled studies examining TAAR1 agonists in individuals (with or without psychosis/schizophrenia) and relevant animal models. Two independent reviewers identified studies in multiple electronic databases (until 17.

Mobile phone intervention to reduce dropout from treatment at an outpatient mental health service for older people in Nigeria.

Background: Half of older Africans drop out of treatment after a single contact with biomedical mental health services.

Objective: This study examined the effect of introducing a mobile phone reminder intervention delivered by volunteering health staff to reduce dropout from an outpatient mental health service for older people in Nigeria.

Methods: 405 patients were studied using a quasi-experimental design: 169 who attended clinic pre-intervention (2016-2017) and 236 who attended during intervention (2018-2019).

Resilience in the first year of surviving a stroke in Nigeria.

Objectives: There is a knowledge gap on resilience and its impact on mental health of Africans who survive a stroke. We describe the trajectory of psychological resilience and its association with depression and quality of life (QoL) across the first poststroke year in Nigeria.

Method: Prospective observational study of 150 survivors of a first ever stroke.

Participatory development of a home-based depression care model with lived experience older Nigerians and their caregivers: A theory of change.

Objectives: There is a huge treatment gap for late-life depression in sub-Saharan Africa. Building on prior work to scale-up mental healthcare with the aid of the WHO Mental Health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide electronic version (emhGAP-IG), this study aims to involve older people in the iterative development of innovations to overcome challenges in the detection and clinical management of late-life depression by frontline non-specialist primary healthcare workers (PHCW) in Nigeria.

Methods: There were 43 participants in the study.

Physical restraint in older people: an opinion from the Early Career Network of the International Psychogeriatric Association.

The International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA) has expressed significant concerns over the use of physical restraints in older people across diverse aged care settings. Following an extensive analysis of the available literature, the IPA's Early Career Network (ECN) has formulated a collection of evidence-based recommendations aimed at guiding the use of physical restraints within various care contexts and demographic groups. Physical restraints not only infringe upon human rights but also raise significant safety concerns that adversely impact the physical, psychological, social, and functional well-being of older adults.

New living evidence resource of human and non-human studies for early intervention and research prioritisation in anxiety, depression and psychosis.

In anxiety, depression and psychosis, there has been frustratingly slow progress in developing novel therapies that make a substantial difference in practice, as well as in predicting which treatments will work for whom and in what contexts. To intervene early in the process and deliver optimal care to patients, we need to understand the underlying mechanisms of mental health conditions, develop safe and effective interventions that target these mechanisms, and improve our capabilities in timely diagnosis and reliable prediction of symptom trajectories. Better synthesis of existing evidence is one way to reduce waste and improve efficiency in research towards these ends.

Cross-national harmonization of cognitive measures across HRS HCAP (USA) and LASI-DAD (India).

Background: As global populations age, cross-national comparisons of cognitive health and dementia risk are increasingly valuable. It remains unclear, however, whether country-level differences in cognitive function are attributable to population differences or bias due to incommensurate measurement. To demonstrate an effective method for cross-national comparison studies, we aimed to statistically harmonize measures of episodic memory and language function across two population-based cohorts of older adults in the United States (HRS HCAP) and India (LASI-DAD).

Mild anxiety and depression disorders: Unusual reactions to COVID-19 lockdown in caregivers of older adults attending a psychogeriatric clinic in Southwest Nigeria.

Background: Many sub-Saharan African countries have fragile healthcare systems and the mental health care of older adults is in a precarious state. The lockdown that accompanied COVID-19 infection was another monumental event.

Objective: This study examined the effect of the restriction and lockdown on the mental health of the caregivers of older patients attending a psychogeriatric clinic in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Different Cognitive and Functional Outcomes in Attenuated and Full Delirium Syndromes Among Recent Stroke Survivors.

Background: Very little is known about the outcomes of poststroke delirium in relation to its symptom spectrum. We investigated the 3-months cognitive and functional outcomes of attenuated (ADS) and full delirium syndromes in Nigerian survivors of first ever stroke.

Methods: A prospective observational study with repeated assessments conducted in the first week of stroke using the confusion assessment method.