Importance of Per2 in cardiac mitochondrial protection during stress.

During myocardial injury, inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress significantly increase to impair cardiac mitochondria. Emerging evidence has highlighted interplays between circadian protein-period 2 (Per2) and mitochondrial metabolism. However, besides circadian rhythm regulation, the direct role of Per2 in mitochondrial performance particularly following acute stress, remains unknown.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomal microRNAs in Cardiac Regeneration.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is one of the most promising modalities for cardiac repair. Accumulated evidence suggests that the therapeutic value of MSCs is mainly attributable to exosomes. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) replicate the beneficial effects of MSCs by regulating various cellular responses and signaling pathways implicated in cardiac regeneration and repair.