High-frequency otoacoustic emissions in universal newborn hearing screening.

Objective: Distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) are currently used in many newborn hearing screening programs as the initial hearing test, typically testing frequencies between 1 and 4 or 6 kHz, but they have been associated with high false-positive rates. The objective was to investigate the possible benefit of high-frequency DPOAEs for reducing false-positive rates.

Methods: 255 healthy newborns (138 males and 117 females) undergoing conventional hearing screening based on DPOAE and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) testing were recruited.

The impact of erdosteine on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity: a proteomics approach.

Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent and causes serious side effects, including progressive and irreversible hearing loss. No treatment is currently available for cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. We have previously demonstrated that erdosteine, a potent antioxidant, partially protected the cochlea against cisplatin toxicity in vivo.

Detection of otoacoustic emissions in chinchilla when the middle ear contains amniotic fluid.

Objectives/hypothesis: Otoacoustic emissions have frequently been used for newborn hearing screening. However, they have low specificities and high referral rates. The presence of amniotic fluid in the middle ear is one reason for these problems.

Acute mastoiditis in children with cochlear implants: is explantation required?

Objective: Acute mastoiditis is an uncommon but challenging condition when it occurs in children with cochlear implant. The literature is scarce as to the management of this condition with regards to explantation. The objective of the study is to determine the need for explantation in patients with cochlear implants who suffer from acute mastoiditis.

Attenuation of cisplatin ototoxicity by otoprotective effects of nanoencapsulated curcumin and dexamethasone in a guinea pig model.

Objectives: Cisplatin, one of the most effective and widely used chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of head and neck malignancies, has severe dose-limiting side effects including ototoxicity. This study evaluates the effectiveness of nanoencapsulated curcumin and dexamethasone in preventing degenerative changes in inner ear cells caused by cisplatin.

Study Design: Prospective study, animal experiment.

An in vivo study of composite microgels based on hyaluronic acid and gelatin for the reconstruction of surgically injured rat vocal folds.

PURPOSE The objective of this study was to investigate local injection with a hierarchically microstructured hyaluronic acid-gelatin (HA-Ge) hydrogel for the treatment of acute vocal fold injury using a rat model. METHOD Vocal fold stripping was performed unilaterally in 108 Sprague-Dawley rats. A volume of 25 μl saline (placebo controls), HA-bulk, or HA-Ge hydrogel was injected into the lamina propria (LP) 5 days after surgery.

Histopathologic changes in the cochlea associated with diabetes mellitus--a review.

Background: The pathologic changes that occur as a result of diabetic microangiopathy have been well described for the kidneys and the eyes. Although many studies suggest an association between diabetes mellitus and hearing loss, the pathologic changes in the cochlea in association with the diabetic state remain to be clarified.

Aim/objective: The aim of this review is to determine the effects of diabetes mellitus on cochlear morphology.

Otoacoustic emissions in newborn hearing screening: a systematic review of the effects of different protocols on test outcomes.

Background And Objectives: Otoacoustic emission (OAE) tests are currently used to screen newborns for congenital hearing loss in many Universal Newborn Hearing Screening programs. However, there are concerns about high referral and false-positive rates. Various protocols have been used to address this problem.

Earigate™ for softening ear wax: is it safe when the eardrum is perforated?

Objective: To determine the safety of Earigate™ as an ear wax softening product.

Study Design: Prospective, controlled animal study.

Methods: Bilateral wide myringotomies were performed in eleven chinchillas.

Is type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with alterations in hearing? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to systematically and quantitatively review the available evidence on the effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on hearing function.

Data Sources And Review Methods: Eligible studies were identified through searches of eight different electronic databases and manual searching of references. Articles obtained were independently reviewed by two authors using predefined inclusion criteria to identify eligible studies.

Auditory risk of hyperbilirubinemia in term newborns: a systematic review.

Objectives: High levels of unconjugated bilirubin have been associated with neuronal damage. The auditory brain nuclei and the inferior colliculi are often the first part of the brainstem to be involved, often leading to hearing abnormalities. A systematic review of clinical studies was conducted to evaluate the effect of hyperbilirubinemia on hearing in term newborns, to show the relationship between hearing function and bilirubin levels as well as the effect of treatment.

Is ototopical nystatin ototoxic? A chinchilla model.

In this prospective controlled animal study, the authors investigated the potential ototoxic effects of ototopical application of nystatin through a tympanostomy tube, using their established chinchilla animal model. Each of the 10 animals used had ventilation tubes inserted in both ears; 1 ear was randomly assigned to receive nystatin suspension, whereas the other ear did not receive any medication, serving as control. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were measured in each animal before application of nystatin and at 45 and 60 days after application.

Oxymetazoline ototoxicity in a chinchilla animal model.

Objective: To investigate possible ototoxic effects of a one-time application of oxymetazoline drops in a chinchilla animal model with tympanostomy tubes. Study Design. A prospective, controlled animal study.

Cost-related antibiotic dosage omissions-challenge for orbital cellulitis management in resource poor communities.

Background: Orbital cellulitis is a medical emergency with potential vision and life threatening complications.

Aim: To highlight clinical presentation and challenges in the management of orbital cellulitis in resource poor communities of southwestern Nigeria.

Method: Retrospective review of patients managed for orbital cellulitis at the Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Nigeria for biodata, socioeconomic status, clinical presentation, compliance to prescribed medications and treatment outcome.

Multiple midface degloving injury in an elderly man: challenges and management outcome.

We present a case of multiple degloving injuries in an elderly man following a fall from a palm tree. Multiple midface injuries are very rare, although individual types have been reported. Our patient sustained injuries in the lower and middle thirds of the face, including multiple tongue lacerations and a deep jagged laceration at the lower posterior part of the neck with a piece of wood in place.

Challenges of managing nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a developing country.

The maxillofacial unit is an uncommon entry point for cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This report documents involvement of the maxillofacial unit in the management of NPC in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-lfe, Nigeria, with the aim of highlighting the challenges associated with recognition and management of the disease. Almost all cases (86.