Glucose measurements with accu check inform II versus hexokinase plasma method during surgery under general anesthesia, an observational cohort study.

Purpose: Limited research exists on translation of in-vitro glucose measurement interfering compounds to the in-vivo situation. We investigated whether Point-of-Care glucose measurements by Accu Chek Inform II (ACI II) were accurate to monitor glucose concentrations during surgery with general anesthesia by comparing with the reference laboratory hexokinase plasma glucose test.

Method: Patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia were included.

Comparison of Accu Chek Inform II point-of-care test blood glucose meter with Hexokinase Plasma method for a diabetes mellitus population during surgery under general anesthesia.

Purpose: Blood glucose (BG) concentrations of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are monitored during surgery to prevent hypo- and hyperglycemia. Access to point-of-care test (POCT) glucose meters at an operating room will usually provide monitoring at shorter intervals and may improve glycemic control. However, these meters are not validated for patients under general anesthesia.

Interstitial fluid volume during cardiac surgery measured by means of a non-invasive conductivity technique.

Fluid accumulation in the interstitium is frequently found after cardiac surgery. In extreme this can lead to pulmonary and myocardial oedema. The origin of this accumulation is not exactly known and may be twofold.

Non-invasive conductivity technique to detect changes in haematocrit: in vitro validation.

An on-line haematocrit measurement in extracorporeal circuits might be useful under some clinical circumstances (e.g. haemodialysis or cardiac surgery).

Plasma endothelin levels and vascular effects of intravenous L-arginine infusion in subjects with uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

1. Uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with generalized vasodilatation. This vasodilatation is believed to contribute to the development of microvascular complications.

The influence of Ringer's lactate and gelatin infusion on the internal fluid balance of healthy volunteers measured by a non-invasive conductivity technique.

Eight healthy male volunteers received in random order at an interval of 1 week 2 litres of Ringer's lactate or 0.8 litre of gelatin (Gelofusine) over half an hour, after overnight fasting. At the end of the infusion period, blood volume and mean arterial pressure had increased significantly in both groups but the increase in blood volume was more pronounced with the colloid.

Non-invasive monitoring of blood volume during hemodialysis: its relation with post-dialytic dry weight.

Hemodialysis has a profound effect on fluid balance. Since fluid is initially withdrawn from the intravascular compartment, blood volume will decrease rapidly. A fluid shift (refill) from the overhydrated interstitium towards the intravascular compartment counteracts hypovolemia.

Assessment of postdialysis dry weight: a comparison of techniques.

Because clinical indices of hydration state are insensitive, the estimation of correct postdialysis dry weight is still major problem. Recently, some new techniques have been introduced to assess postdialysis dry weight more accurately. The plasma concentrations of the biochemical markers atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and cGMP are related to intravascular hydration state.

Non-invasive conductivity method for detection of dynamic body fluid changes: in vitro and in vivo validation.

Since intracellular and extracellular fluid volume (ICV, ECV) cannot be measured under dynamic circumstances, a non-invasive conductivity technique was developed for this purpose. To validate the technique, experiments in vitro and in vivo were performed. In vitro, dilution of blood led to a variation in haematocrit, which could be calculated accurately by means of the low-frequency conductivity value combined with the plasma conductivity value.

Determination of capillary leakage due to recombinant interleukin-2 by means of noninvasive conductivity measurements.

One of the most common side effects of treatment with recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) is capillary leakage. Its genesis is not completely understood. The aim of the study was to determine whether capillary leakage can be monitored by means of a noninvasive conductivity technique and to study its starting point.

Continuous measurement of blood volume during hemodialysis by an optical method.

A new method is described to noninvasively and continuously measure changes in blood volume (BV) during hemodialysis by means of an optical reflection method with an optical monitor (950 nm) clipped onto the arterial blood line. The amount of reflected light (L) appeared to be linearly proportional to the erythrocyte concentration (r = 0.91).

The recovery of the fluid balance after hemodialysis and hemofiltration.

Dialysis dysequilibrium syndrome is a frequent complication of renal replacement therapy and seems to be related to changes in fluid balance. From previous studies it is known that these changes are less pronounced during hemofiltration (HF), leading to a lower incidence of complaints compared to hemodialysis (HD). To assess the severity and duration of the dysequilibrium syndrome, intracellular (ICV) and extracellular fluid volumes (ECV) were measured during and after HD and HF by means of a non-invasive conductivity method.

Fluid balance during haemodialysis and haemofiltration: the effect of dialysate sodium and a variable ultrafiltration rate.

One of the main causes of hypotension during extracorporeal renal replacement therapy is an insufficient substitution of the ultrafiltrated plasma water by tissue water. To investigate the fluid balance and its effects on hypotension in dialysed patients, the following variables were studied: intracellular fluid volume (IFV) and extracellular fluid volume (EFV), blood volume (BV) and blood pressure. IFV and EFV were measured by means of non-invasive electrical conductivity measurements using four electrodes round the leg.

Influence of high and low sodium dialysis on blood volume preservation.

Haemodialysis has a profound effect on fluid balance. Since fluid is initially withdrawn from the intravascular compartment, hypovolaemia is a frequent complication. A fluid shift from the overhydrated interstitium towards the intravascular compartment can counteract hypovolaemia.

The influence of dialysate sodium and variable ultrafiltration on fluid balance during hemodialysis.

An important factor in the development of hypotension during hemodialysis (HD) is a decrease in blood volume, due to ultrafiltration (UF) and an insufficient refill of the intravascular compartment. This insufficient refill might be caused by a transcellular fluid shift from the extracellular to the intracellular compartment. We studied the influence of dialysate sodium concentration and UF rate on the refill rate, blood volume, intracellular (ICV) and extracellular fluid volume (ECV).