New satellite-based estimates show significant trends in spring phenology and complex sensitivities to temperature and precipitation at northern European latitudes.

Recent climate warming has altered plant phenology at northern European latitudes, but conclusions regarding the spatial patterns of phenological change and relationships with climate are still challenging as quantitative estimates are strongly diverging. To generate consistent estimates of broad-scale spatially continuous spring plant phenology at northern European latitudes (> 50° N) from 2000 to 2016, we used a novel vegetation index, the plant phenology index (PPI), derived from MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. To obtain realistic and strong estimates, the phenology trends and their relationships with temperature and precipitation over the past 17 years were analyzed using a panel data method.

Change in self-efficacy after participation in a supported self-management program for osteoarthritis - an observational study of 11 906 patients.

Describe the change in self-efficacy after a supported osteoarthritis self-management program. An observational register-based study comprising 11 906 patients. Participants with hip or knee osteoarthritis self-reported at baseline, 3 and 12 months.

Preoperative dual antiplatelet therapy increases bleeding and transfusions but not mortality in acute aortic dissection type A repair.

Objectives: Acute aortic dissection type A is a life-threatening condition, warranting immediate surgery. Presentation with sudden chest pain confers a risk of misdiagnosis as acute coronary syndrome resulting in subsequent potent antiplatelet treatment. We investigated the impact of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) on bleeding and mortality using the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (NORCAAD) database.

Sociological analysis of the medical field: using Bourdieu to understand the processes preceding medical doctors' specialty choice and the influence of perceived status and other forms of symbolic capital on their choices.

Several studies have demonstrated that medical students and doctors rank specialties differently in terms of perceived status and prestige. At the same time some of the specialties have problems with recruiting and retaining staff. This study aimed to understand what constitutes status and prestige in the medical field and how it influences medical doctors' choice of specialty.

Adolescent Care-Orientation and Positive Development in Young Adulthood.

Purpose: This study examined the extent to which care-oriented attitudes and behaviours in adolescence (e.g., volunteering) predict positive development (PD; e.

Malperfusion in acute type A aortic dissection: An update from the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of preoperative malperfusion on 30-day and late mortality and postoperative complications using data from the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (ATAAD) registry.

Methods: We studied 1159 patients who underwent ATAAD surgery between January 2005 and December 2014 at 8 Nordic centers. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of 30-day and late mortality.

Pre-conception self-harm, maternal mental health and mother-infant bonding problems: a 20-year prospective cohort study.

Background: Self-harm in young people is associated with later problems in social and emotional development. However, it is unknown whether self-harm in young women continues to be a marker of vulnerability on becoming a parent. This study prospectively describes the associations between pre-conception self-harm, maternal depressive symptoms and mother-infant bonding problems.

Protocol for the development of a core outcome set for pelvic girdle pain, including methods for measuring the outcomes: the PGP-COS study.

Background: Pelvic Girdle Pain (PGP) is an important cause of disability and economic cost worldwide. There is a need for effective preventative and management strategies. Emerging studies measure a variety of outcomes rendering synthesis and translation to clinical practice difficult.

Retention strategies in longitudinal cohort studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Participant retention strategies that minimise attrition in longitudinal cohort studies have evolved considerably in recent years. This study aimed to assess, via systematic review and meta-analysis, the effectiveness of both traditional strategies and contemporary innovations for retention adopted by longitudinal cohort studies in the past decade.

Methods: Health research databases were searched for retention strategies used within longitudinal cohort studies published in the 10-years prior, with 143 eligible longitudinal cohort studies identified (141 articles; sample size range: 30 to 61,895).

Differential outcomes of open and clamp-on distal anastomosis techniques in acute type A aortic dissection.

Objectives: Open-distal anastomosis is the preferred technique over clamp-on technique for surgical repair of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). The aim of this study was to define how outcomes of ATAAD were affected by the use of either technique.

Methods: Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection includes 8 academic cardiothoracic hospitals in 4 Nordic countries.

Multiple roles of lymphatic vessels in peripheral lymph node development.

The mammalian lymphatic system consists of strategically located lymph nodes (LNs) embedded into a lymphatic vascular network. Mechanisms underlying development of this highly organized system are not fully understood. Using high-resolution imaging, we show that lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells initially transmigrate from veins at LN development sites using gaps in venous mural coverage.

Inter- and intra-rater reliability for measurement of range of motion in joints included in three hypermobility assessment methods.

Background: Comparisons across studies of generalized joint hypermobility are often difficult since there are several classification methods and methodological differences in the performance exist. The Beighton score is most commonly used and has been tested for inter- and intra-rater reliability. The Contompasis score and the Hospital del Mar criteria have not yet been evaluated for reliability.

Composition of School Meals in Sweden, Finland, and Iceland: Official Guidelines and Comparison With Practice and Availability.

Background: Nutritious and attractive school meals can improve health equality and public health. Current official guidelines and recommendations on food and nutrient composition of school meals in 3 Nordic countries; Sweden, Finland, and Iceland, are described and compared with actual practice, ie, availability of foods and nutrients in served reference meals in 3 selected areas in each country.

Methods: A country comparison was made between official guidelines, and actual practice was studied in participating schools.

Psychosocial profiles of adolescents from dissolved families: Differences in depressive symptoms in emerging adulthood.

Background: When parents separate, on average, children are at greater risk for concurrent and subsequent depression; however, mean outcomes mask substantial variation in depressive risk. This study aimed to (1) identify multivariate risk profiles (classes) in adolescents from separated families and (2) prospectively estimate class risk for depressive symptoms in emerging adulthood.

Methods: The sample comprised 449 participants with separated parents from an Australian population based longitudinal cohort study established in 1983.

A Systematic Post-QUANTEC Review of Tolerance Doses for Late Toxicity After Prostate Cancer Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to systematically review tolerance doses for late distinct gastrointestinal (GI), genitourinary (GU), and sexual dysfunction (SD) symptoms after external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) alone and treatments involving brachytherapy (BT) for prostate cancer after Quantitative Analysis of Normal Tissue Effects in the Clinic (QUANTEC) and ultimately to perform quantitative syntheses of identified dose/volume tolerances represented by dose-volume histogram (DVH) thresholds, that is, statistically significant (P ≤ .05) cutoff points between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in a certain study.

Methods And Materials: PubMed was scrutinized for full-text articles in English after QUANTEC (January 1, 2010).

Implementation of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging technology for evaluation of patients with suspicion for prostate cancer in the clinical practice setting.

Objectives: To investigate the impact of implementing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography fusion technology on biopsy and prostate cancer (PCa) detection rates in men presenting with clinical suspicion for PCa in the clinical practice setting.

Patients And Methods: We performed a review of 1 808 consecutive men referred for elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level between 2011 and 2014. The study population was divided into two groups based on whether MRI was used as a risk stratification tool.

Image-based Data Mining to Probe Dosimetric Correlates of Radiation-induced Trismus.

Purpose: To identify imaged regions in which dose is associated with radiation-induced trismus after head and neck cancer radiation therapy (HNRT) using a novel image-based data mining (IBDM) framework.

Methods And Materials: A cohort of 86 HNRT patients were analyzed for region identification. Trismus was characterized as a continuous variable by the maximum incisor-to-incisor opening distance (MID) at 6 months after radiation therapy.

Temporal and Morphological Patterns Predict Outcome of Endovascular Repair in Acute Complicated Type B Aortic Dissection.

Objectives: The aim was to analyse early and late outcomes in patients undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for acute or subacute non-traumatic type B aortic dissection (TBAD), with the particular aims of identifying prognostic morphological predictors, and to assess the magnitude of the impact of the timing of TEVAR.

Methods: This was a retrospective, two centre, population based consecutive case series. The study group consisted of all the 53 patients undergoing TEVAR for complicated TBAD in Stockholm during the 12 year period 2004-2015.

Associations between adrenarcheal hormones, amygdala functional connectivity and anxiety symptoms in children.

Objective: The transition from childhood to adolescence is a vulnerable period for the development of anxiety symptoms. There is some evidence that hormonal changes occurring during adrenarche, an early pubertal phase, might play a role in this increased vulnerability. Little is known about underlying brain mechanisms.

Protein-protein interactions in AQP regulation - biophysical characterization of AQP0-CaM and AQP2-LIP5 complex formation.

Protein-protein interactions play important roles in regulating human aquaporins (AQP) by gating as well as trafficking. While structural and functional studies have provided detailed knowledge of AQP transport mechanisms, selectivity as well as gating by conformational changes of loops or termini, the mechanism behind how protein-protein interactions control AQP-mediated water transport through cellular membranes remains poorly characterized. Here we explore the interaction between two human AQPs and regulatory proteins: the interaction between AQP0 and calmodulin, which mediates AQP0 gating, as well as the interaction between AQP2 and LIP5, which is involved in trafficking.

Preconception prediction of expectant fathers' mental health: 20-year cohort study from adolescence.

Unlabelled: We examined prospective associations between men's common mental disorders in the decades prior to offspring conception and subsequent paternal antenatal mental health problems. Data came from a prospective intergenerational cohort study which assessed common mental disorder nine times from age 14 to 29 years, and in the third trimester of subsequent pregnancies to age 35 years ( = 295 pregnancies to 214 men). Men with histories of adolescent and young adult common mental disorders were over four times more likely to experience antenatal mental health problems.

A scoping review of trials of interventions led or delivered by cancer nurses.

Background: Advances in research and technology coupled with an increased cancer incidence and prevalence have resulted in significant expansion of cancer nurse role, in order to meet the growing demands and expectations of people affected by cancer (PABC). Cancer nurses are also tasked with delivering an increasing number of complex interventions as a result of ongoing clinical trials in cancer research. However much of this innovation is undocumented, and we have little insight about the nature of novel interventions currently being designed or delivered by cancer nurses.

The role of oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) DNA methylation (DNAm) in human social and emotional functioning: a systematic narrative review.

Background: The neuropeptide Oxytocin (OXT) plays a central role in birthing, mother-infant bonding and a broad range of related social behaviours in mammals. More recently, interest has extended to epigenetic programming of genes involved in oxytocinergic neurotransmission. This review brings together early findings in a rapidly developing field of research, examining relationships between DNA methylation (DNAm) of the Oxytocin Receptor Gene (OXTR) and social and emotional behaviour in human populations.