Microfilaria in the Urine of a Dog with Concurrent Urinary Bladder Sarcoma.

A 12 yr old female spayed American Staffordshire terrier was referred for stranguria, pollakiuria, and concern for a mass in the trigone of the urinary bladder. A urinalysis and abdominal ultrasound were performed to further investigate the bladder mass. Nematode larvae were identified in the urine, termed microfilaruria, while a caudal abdominal mass was found on ultrasound impinging on the urethra.

Modulation of the JAK2-STAT3 pathway promotes expansion and maturation of human iPSCs-derived myogenic progenitor cells.

Generation of induced pluripotent cells (hiPSCs)-derived skeletal muscle progenitor cells (SMPCs) holds great promise for regenerative medicine for skeletal muscle wasting diseases, as for example Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Multiple approaches, involving ectopic expression of key regulatory myogenic genes or small molecules cocktails, have been described by different groups to obtain SMPC towards cell-transplantation as a therapeutic approach to skeletal muscle diseases. However, hiPSCs-derived SMPC generated using transgene-free protocols are usually obtained in a low amount and resemble a more embryonal/fetal stage of differentiation.

Low-side and multi-tone suppression in the base of the gerbil cochlea.

The cochlea's mechanical response to sound stimulation is nonlinear, likely due to saturation of the mechano-electric transduction current that is part of an electromechanical feedback loop. The ability of a second tone or tones to reduce the response to a probe tone is one manifestation of nonlinearity, termed suppression. Using optical coherence tomography to measure motion within the organ of Corti, regional motion variations have been observed.

Visualizing motions within the cochlea's organ of Corti and illuminating cochlear mechanics with optical coherence tomography.

Beginning in 2006, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been adapted for use as a vibrometer for hearing research. The application of OCT in this field, particularly for studying cochlear mechanics, represents a revolutionary advance over previous technologies. OCT provides detailed evidence of the motions of components within the organ of Corti, extending beyond the first-encountered surface of observation.

Contrast Enhancement of Cochlea after Direct Microneedle Intracochlear Injection of Gadodiamide through the Round Window Membrane with Minimal Dosage.

Rationale And Objectives: The potential of contrast-enhanced MRI for diagnosing endolymphatic hydrops is limited by long wait times following intravenous (IV) or intratympanic (IT) delivery, high contrast dosages, and inconsistent signal intensity enhancements. This study investigates microneedle-mediated intracochlear (IC) gadodiamide injection for consistent and efficient contrast delivery with minimal contrast dosage.

Materials And Methods: A 100 µm diameter microneedle with 35 µm lumen was used to inject 1 µL of diluted gadodiamide (17.

The UmboMic: A PVDF Cantilever Microphone.

Objective: We present the "UmboMic," a prototype piezoelectric cantilever microphone designed for future use with totally-implantable cochlear implants.

Methods: The UmboMic sensor is made from polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) because of its low Young's modulus and biocompatibility. The sensor is designed to fit in the middle ear and measure the motion of the underside of the eardrum at the umbo.

Dendritic cells in a pinch: Migration during homeostasis.

Dendritic cells sense confinement in the environment to induce migration in the absence of typical inflammatory stimuli.

Changing the Tolerance of the Intolerant: Does Large Carnivore Policy Matter?

Success in large carnivore conservation often hinges on local residents' tolerance towards those species. Feelings of powerlessness and frustration with wildlife policies can lead to intolerance of the species. In extreme cases, intolerance may manifest in poaching.

Microneedle-Mediated Delivery of siRNA via Liposomal-Based Transfection for Inner Ear Gene Therapy.

Hypothesis: Microneedle-mediated intracochlear injection of siRNA-Lipofectamine through the round window membrane (RWM) can be used to transfect cells within the cochlea.

Background: Our laboratory has developed 100-μm diameter hollow microneedles for intracochlear injection through the guinea pig RWM. In this study, we test the feasibility of microneedle-mediated injection of siRNA and Lipofectamine, a commonly used reagent with known cellular toxicity, through the RWM for cochlear transfection.

Genomic regions influencing the hyperspectral phenome of deoxynivalenol infected wheat.

The quantitative nature of fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance requires further exploration of the wheat genome to identify regions conferring resistance. In this study, we explored the application of hyperspectral imaging of Fusarium-infected wheat kernels and identified regions of the wheat genome contributing significantly to the accumulation of Deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin. Strong correlations were identified between hyperspectral reflectance values for 204 wavebands in the 397-673 nm range and DON mycotoxin.

Origin and evolution of the bread wheat D genome.

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a globally dominant crop and major source of calories and proteins for the human diet. Compared with its wild ancestors, modern bread wheat shows lower genetic diversity, caused by polyploidisation, domestication and breeding bottlenecks. Wild wheat relatives represent genetic reservoirs, and harbour diversity and beneficial alleles that have not been incorporated into bread wheat.

A molecular pathway for cancer cachexia-induced muscle atrophy revealed at single-nucleus resolution.

Cancer cachexia is a prevalent and often fatal wasting condition that cannot be fully reversed with nutritional interventions. Muscle atrophy is a central component of the syndrome, but the mechanisms whereby cancer leads to skeletal muscle atrophy are not well understood. We performed single-nucleus multi-omics on skeletal muscles from a mouse model of cancer cachexia and profiled the molecular changes in cachexic muscle.

Neural and behavioral markers of inhibitory control predict symptom improvement during internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for depression.

Poor inhibitory control contributes to deficits in emotion regulation, which are often targeted by treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD), including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Brain regions that contribute to inhibitory control and emotion regulation overlap; thus, inhibitory control might relate to response to CBT. In this study, we examined whether baseline inhibitory control and resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) within overlapping emotion regulation-inhibitory control regions predicted treatment response to internet-based CBT (iCBT).

Co-exposure to polyethylene fiber and serovar Typhimurium alters microbiome and metabolome of chicken cecal mesocosms.

Unlabelled: Humans and animals encounter a summation of exposures during their lifetime (the exposome). In recent years, the scope of the exposome has begun to include microplastics. Microplastics (MPs) have increasingly been found in locations, including in animal gastrointestinal tracts, where there could be an interaction with Typhimurium, one of the commonly isolated serovars from processed chicken.

Uncertainty and precaution in hunting wolves twice in a year: Reanalysis of Treves and Louchouarn.

Management of wolves is controversial in many jurisdictions where wolves live, which underscores the importance of rigor, transparency, and reproducibility when evaluating outcomes of management actions. Treves and Louchouarn 2022 (hereafter TL) predicted outcomes for various fall 2021 hunting scenarios following Wisconsin's judicially mandated hunting and trapping season in spring 2021, and concluded that even a zero harvest scenario could result in the wolf population declining below the population goal of 350 wolves specified in the 1999 Wisconsin wolf management plan. TL further concluded that with a fall harvest of > 16 wolves there was a "better than average possibility" that the wolf population size would decline below that 350-wolf threshold.

Microbiome analyses of poultry feeds: Part II. Comparison of different poultry feeds.

Within the realm of poultry feed mill operations, the persistent concern over microbial feed quality necessitates the establishment of a robust baseline for enhancing and sustaining the standards of commercial feeds. This dual-phase investigation, comprising Parts I, was previously published, and the current study presented here as Part II aimed to illuminate this baseline using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In Part II, nine distinct commercial poultry feeds formulated as starters, growers, starter/growers, or supplements, the selected feeds underwent genomic DNA extraction, amplification with custom dual-indexed primers, and subsequent Illumina MiSeq sequencing.

Campylobacter jejuni and casein hydrolysate addition: Impact on poultry in vitro cecal microbiota and metabolome.

This study investigates the impact of casein hydrolysates on the poultry ceca inoculated with Campylobacter focusing on microbial molecular preferences for different protein sources in the presence of Campylobacter jejuni. Three casein sources (intact casein (IN), casein enzyme hydrolysate (EH), and casein acid hydrolysate (AH)) were introduced to cecal contents in combination with inoculated C. jejuni in an in vitro model system incubated for 48 h at 42°C under microaerophilic conditions.

Microbiome analyses of poultry feeds: Part I. Comparison of five different DNA extraction methods.

Given extensive variability in feed composition, the absence of a dedicated DNA extraction kit for poultry feed underscores the need for an optimized extraction technique for reliable downstream sequencing analyses. This study investigates the impact of five DNA extraction techniques: Qiagen QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit (Qiagen), modified Qiagen with Lysing Matrix B (MQ), modified Qiagen with celite purification (MQC), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and 1-Day Direct. Genomic DNA amplification and Illumina MiSeq sequencing were conducted.