Th1/Th17 T cell Tissue-Resident Immunity Increases Protection, But Is Not Required in a Vaccine Strategy Against Genital Infection With .

The requirement for vaccine-induced tissue-resident immunity for protection against one or repeated infections with is still not fully resolved. In this study, our aim was to investigate to which degree tissue-resident Th1/Th17 T cells in the genital tract (GT) could add to the protection mediated by circulating immunity. Out of several mucosal vaccine strategies, a strategy termed SIM (for simultaneous intrauterine and parenteral immunization with CAF01 adjuvanted CTH522), was superior in generating genital tract tissue-resident Th1/Th17 T cell immunity.

The impact of exposure timing on embryo mortality and the partitioning of PAHs when cod eggs are exposed to dispersed and dissolved crude oil.

During sub-sea oil spills to the marine environment, oil droplets will rise towards the sea surface at a rate determined by their density and diameter as well as the vertical turbulence in the water. Micro-droplets (< 50 µm) are expected to have prolonged residence times in the water column. If present, pelagic fish eggs may thus be exposed to dispersed oil from subsurface oil spills for days, and the contribution of these micro-droplets to toxicity is not well known.

Adherence to the EAT-Lancet Diet and Risk of Stroke and Stroke Subtypes: A Cohort Study.

Background And Purpose: We investigated the association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet, a sustainable and mostly plant-based diet, and risk of stroke and subtypes of stroke in a Danish population. For comparison, we also investigated the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI).

Methods: We used the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort (n=55 016) including adults aged 50 to 64 years at baseline (1993-1997).

NEIL1 and NEIL2 DNA glycosylases modulate anxiety and learning in a cooperative manner in mice.

Oxidative DNA damage in the brain has been implicated in neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. DNA glycosylases initiate base excision repair (BER), the main pathway for oxidative DNA base lesion repair. NEIL1 and NEIL3 DNA glycosylases affect cognition in mice, while the role of NEIL2 remains unclear.

Prediagnostic Blood Selenium Status and Mortality among Patients with Colorectal Cancer in Western European Populations.

A higher selenium (Se) status has been shown to be associated with lower risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), but the importance of Se in survival after CRC diagnosis is not well studied. The associations of prediagnostic circulating Se status (as indicated by serum Se and selenoprotein P (SELENOP) measurements) with overall and CRC-specific mortality were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression among 995 CRC cases (515 deaths, 396 from CRC) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Se and SELENOP serum concentrations were measured on average 46 months before CRC diagnosis.

Basic Body Awareness Therapy versus standard care in hip osteoarthritis. A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Compensational movement patterns in hip osteoarthritis (HOA) are associated with hip dysfunction. Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT) promotes functional movement quality and might, accordingly, be beneficial in HOA.

Objective: To examine the outcomes of BBAT compared to standard care in people with HOA after first receiving patient education (PE).

Does naloxone provision lead to increased substance use? A systematic review to assess if there is evidence of a 'moral hazard' associated with naloxone supply.

Background: Take home naloxone (THN) programs have been rapidly upscaled in response to increasing opioid-related mortality. One often cited concern is that naloxone provision could be associated with increased opioid use, due to the availability of naloxone to reverse opioid overdose. We conducted a systematic review to determine whether THN provision is associated with changes in substance use by participants enrolled in THN programs.

Antisense therapy in a rat model of Alexander disease reverses GFAP pathology, white matter deficits, and motor impairment.

Alexander disease (AxD) is a devastating leukodystrophy caused by gain-of-function mutations in , and the only available treatments are supportive. Recent advances in antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapy have demonstrated that transcript targeting can be a successful strategy for human neurodegenerative diseases amenable to this approach. We have previously used mouse models of AxD to show that -targeted ASO suppresses protein accumulation and reverses pathology; however, the mice have a mild phenotype with no apparent leukodystrophy or overt clinical features and are therefore limited for assessing functional outcomes.

Regression of Schistosoma mansoni associated morbidity among Ugandan preschool children following praziquantel treatment: A randomised trial.

Preschool children suffer from morbidity attributable to Schistosoma mansoni. We compared a single and double dose of praziquantel treatment on the regression of S. mansoni associated morbidity in children less than six years in Uganda.

ADHD and Mental Health Symptoms in the Identification of Young Adults with Increased Risk of Alcohol Dependency in the General Population-The HUNT4 Population Study.

Symptoms of ADHD are strongly associated with alcohol use disorders, and mental health symptoms attenuate this relationship. There is limited knowledge about how specific symptoms of inattentiveness and hyperactivity/impulsivity can explain this association. We aimed to identify self-reported executive cognitive functioning and mental health and variables that may help identify subjects with an elevated risk of alcohol dependence in the general population.

Trajectories of Persistent Postconcussion Symptoms and Factors Associated With Symptom Reporting After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To examine the trajectories of persistent postconcussion symptoms (PPCS) after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) and to investigate which injury-related and personal factors are associated with symptom reporting.

Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study. Follow-up at 3 and 12 months postinjury.

Robotic Spot Spraying of Harrisia Cactus () in Grazing Pastures of the Australian Rangelands.

Harrisia cactus, , is a serious weed affecting hundreds of thousands of hectares of native pasture in the Australian rangelands. Despite the landmark success of past biological control agents for the invasive weed and significant investment in its eradication by the Queensland Government (roughly $156M since 1960), it still takes hold in the cooler rangeland environments of northern New South Wales and southern Queensland. In the past decade, landholders with large infestations in these locations have spent approximately $20,000 to $30,000 per annum on herbicide control measures to reduce the impact of the weed on their grazing operations.

Food Texture Acceptance, Sensory Sensitivity, and Food Neophobia in Children and Their Parents.

This study aims to explore whether children's food texture preferences are associated with different levels of sensory sensitivity and food neophobia, as well as with other variables, such as parental texture preferences. An online questionnaire was completed by 70 children aged 6-13 years old, alongside one of their parents. Generic texture preferences of children and parents were investigated with the Child Food Texture Preference Questionnaire (CFTPQ).

Tracking spatial regimes as an early warning for a species of conservation concern.

In this era of global environmental change and rapid regime shifts, managing core areas that species require to survive and persist is a grand challenge for conservation. Wildlife monitoring data are often limited or local in scale. The emerging ability to map and track spatial regimes (i.

Is a disease leader attractive? Six tests of whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected follower preferences for attractiveness, health and other traits in political and non-political leaders.

Attractive political candidates receive more votes on Election Day compared to their less attractive competitors. One well-cited theoretical account for this attractiveness effect (White et al., 2013) holds that it reflects an adaptive psychological response to disease threats.

Identification of Inhibitors of Cholesterol Transport Proteins Through the Synthesis of a Diverse, Sterol-Inspired Compound Collection.

Cholesterol transport proteins regulate a vast array of cellular processes including lipid metabolism, vesicular and non-vesicular trafficking, organelle contact sites, and autophagy. Despite their undoubted importance, the identification of selective modulators of this class of proteins has been challenging due to the structural similarities in the cholesterol-binding site. Herein we report a general strategy for the identification of selective inhibitors of cholesterol transport proteins via the synthesis of a diverse sterol-inspired compound collection.

Understanding Strengths in Adolescent-Parent Relationships: A Qualitative Analysis of Adolescent Speech Samples.

Although adolescents' perspective on the parent-adolescent relationship uniquely predicts their mental health and wellbeing, there is limited research using qualitative methodologies to explore rich descriptions of adolescents' expectations, attitudes, and beliefs towards parents. The current study qualitatively analyzed adolescent narratives regarding their relationships with their parents. Seventy-two adolescents (68% female; M age = 16.

Characterizing Research About Interprofessional Education Within Pharmacy.

To determine how interprofessional education (IPE) in pharmacy has been studied, namely which disciplines have engaged in IPE research initiatives, the research methodologies that have been used, and what journals have published in this area. In the 145 IPE studies included in the review, the authors represented 13 different disciplines (3.2±1.

Enhancing adoptive CD8 T cell therapy by systemic delivery of tumor associated antigens.

Adoptive T-cell transfer (ACT) offers a curative therapeutic option for subsets of melanoma and hematological cancer patients. To increase response rates and broaden the applicability of ACT, it is necessary to improve the post-infusion performance of the transferred T cells. The design of improved treatment strategies includes transfer of cells with a less differentiated phenotype.

The Avian Diet Database as a source of quantitative information on bird diets.

This data paper describes a compilation of 73,075 quantitative diet data records for 759 primarily North American bird species, providing standardized information not just on the diet itself, but on the context for that diet information including the year, season, location, and habitat type of each study. The methods used for collecting and cleaning these data are described, and we present tools for summarizing and visualizing diet information by bird species or prey.

Adherence to the Danish food-based dietary guidelines and risk of colorectal cancer: a cohort study.

Background: National dietary guidelines contribute to primary prevention of a wide range of diseases. Yet, the importance of adhering to the Danish dietary guidelines for colorectal cancer prevention is unclear.

Methods: We used the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort (n = 55,744) to investigate adherence to the Danish dietary guidelines and the risk of colorectal cancer.

Short-term transcriptomic response to plasma membrane injury.

Plasma membrane repair mechanisms are activated within seconds post-injury to promote rapid membrane resealing in eukaryotic cells and prevent cell death. However, less is known about the regeneration phase that follows and how cells respond to injury in the short-term. Here, we provide a genome-wide study into the mRNA expression profile of MCF-7 breast cancer cells exposed to injury by digitonin, a mild non-ionic detergent that permeabilizes the plasma membrane.

Obesity, cardiovascular risk and healthcare resource utilization in the UK.

Aims: Obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) often co-occur, likely increasing the intensity of healthcare resource utilization (HCRU). This retrospective, observational database study examined the joint effect of obesity and cardiovascular risk status on HCRU and compared HCRU between body mass index (BMI) categories and CVD-risk categories in the UK.

Methods: Patient demographics and data on CVD and BMI were obtained from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.