Economic assessment of abemaciclib for the adjuvant treatment of luminal HER2- breast cancer from the perspective of the Spanish health system.

Introduction: Abemaciclib is an oral inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6). Data from the clinical trial monarchE (2023) showed improved survival from invasive disease. The aim of the present article was to conduct an economic assessment of adjuvant treatment with abemaciclib in women with luminal, HER2- and node-positive breast cancer.

Value of concerted and hospital hemodialysis through a multi-criteria decision analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the value of the provision of contracted versus hospital dialysis services for the treatment of chronic kidney disease in Spain using the multicriteria decision analysis methodology.

Method: The EVIDEM (Evidence and Value: Impact on Decision Making) evaluation framework was used to calculate the estimated value of both dialysis delivery models (arranged vs. hospital) through a virtual workshop in which different profiles participated: directors and managers, professionals and heads of units and representatives of patients and relatives.

Economic evaluation of adjuvant therapy with osimertinib in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer and mutated EGFR.

Purpose: The ADAURA trial demonstrated the superiority of osimertinib over a placebo with regard to disease-free survival, showing it to be indicated as an adjuvant therapy for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with mutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The aim of the present study was to conduct a cost-utility analysis and an analysis of the budgetary impact of adjuvant therapy with osimertinib in patients with non-small cell lung cancer with mutated EGFR who had undergone resection surgery with curative intent.

Methods: Analyses were based on the outcomes of the ADAURA clinical trial and were conducted through a Spanish National Health Service perspective.

Scoping review of the methodology of large health surveys conducted in Spain early on in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The use of health surveys has been key in the scientific community to promptly communicate results about the health impact of COVID-19. But what information was collected, where, when and how, and who was the study population?

Objective: To describe the methodological characteristics used in large health surveys conducted in Spain early on in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Scoping review.

Evidence on outsourcing dialysis services: a scoping review.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease represents an important health problem, due to its high incidence and prevalence, as well as its significant morbidity and mortality and socioeconomic cost.

Aims: compare the effectiveness and economic consequences of outsourcing versus hospital dialysis.

Method: A scoping review, for which different databases were consulted, using controlled and free terms.

Strengthening patients' triage in community pharmacies: A cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate the clinical impact of a minor ailment service.

Background: Self-perceived minor ailments might conceal other health conditions if patients are not appropriately assisted by health care professionals. The aim of the study was to evaluate the patient-related outcomes of a community pharmacy Minor Ailment Service (MAS) compared to usual pharmacist care (UC).

Methods: A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted over six months in community pharmacy in the province of Valencia (Spain).

Challenges for Economic Evaluations of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) are drugs for human use for the treatment of chronic, degenerative, or life-threatening diseases that are based on genes, tissues, or cells. This article aimed to identify and critically review published economic analyses of ATMPs.

Methods: A systematic review of economic analyses of ATMPs was undertaken.

Identifying barriers and enablers for benzodiazepine (de)prescription: a qualitative study with patients and healthcare professionals.

Background: There has been a steadily growing trend in prescribing benzodiazepines over last decade. Spain is one of the countries where this class of drugs is most extensively prescribed by primary healthcare physicians. The aim of this study is to identify factors that might be acting as barriers and enablers for benzodiazepine (de)prescription from patient and professional perspectives.

Factors associated with mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Spain. Data from the RERFAR registry.

Objective: To determine the baseline characteristics associated with higher  mortality at 42 days in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Spain.

Method: The study analyzed a prospective cohort of hospitalized COVID-19  patients. The dependent variable was 42-day mortality.

Development of the European Healthcare and Social Cost Database (EU HCSCD) for use in economic evaluation of healthcare programs.

Introduction: Costs are one of the critical factors for the transferability of the results in health technology assessment and economic evaluation. The objective is to develop a cost database at the European level to facilitate cross-border cost comparisons in different settings and explains the factors that lead to differences in healthcare costs in different countries, taking into account the differences between health systems and other factors.

Methodology: The core of the database is compounded of three main categories (primary resources, composite goods and services, and complex processes and interventions) organized into 13 subcategories.

Description of day case costs and tariffs of cataract surgery from a sample of nine European countries.

Background: The lack of transparency in the methodology of unit cost estimation and the usage of confidential or undisclosed information prevents cost comparisons and makes the transferability of the results across countries difficult. The objective of this article is to compare the methodologies used in the estimation of the cost of a day case cataract extirpation that are described in the official and publicly available sources and to study how these translate into different unit cost estimates.

Methods: A literature review was conducted to identify the main sources of unit costs of cataract extirpation.

Hyperkalaemia management and related costs in chronic kidney disease patients with comorbidities in Spain.

Background: Hyperkalaemia (HK) is a common electrolyte disorder in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and/or treated with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASis). The aim of this study is to determine the severity, current management and cost of chronic HK.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with chronic HK and CKD, heart failure or diabetes mellitus between 2011 and 2018.

The use of masks to protect against respiratory infections: An umbrella review.

Introduction: The global health emergency caused by the current COVID-19 pandemic is resulting in a huge challenge at all levels. The use of masks may reduce the spread of the infection by minimising the excretion of Flügge droplets. The objective of this study was to compile the evidence available on the use of masks in relation to respiratory infections.

Safety considerations during prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), through a review of systematic reviews.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most widely used drugs worldwide. This makes it necessary to carry out a comprehensive synthesis of the available evidence on the safe and adequate prescription of NSAIDs in patients with cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, heart failure or liver cirrhosis and in general population. For this, a review of systematic reviews was carried out.

Cost-utility of talazoparib monotherapy treatment for locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer in Spain.

Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies. The aim of the article is to analyse the cost-utility ratio and budgetary impact of talazoparib treatment for patients with locally advanced or metastatic gBRCA + breast cancer from the perspective of the Spanish National Health System. Analyses were based on the EMBRACA clinical trial and the model was constructed according to "partitioned survival analysis".

The use of masks to protect against respiratory infections: an umbrella review.

Introduction: The global health emergency caused by the current COVID-19 pandemic is resulting in a huge challenge at all levels. The use of masks may reduce the spread of the infection by minimising the excretion of Flügge droplets. The objective of this study was to compile the evidence available on the use of masks in relation to respiratory infections.

Relationship between exposure to mixtures of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals and cancer risk: A systematic review.

Environmental risks are responsible for one in five of all deaths worldwide. Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances are chemicals that can subsist for decades in human tissues and the environment. They include heavy metals, organochlorines, polychlorinated biphenyls, organobromines, organofluorines, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons among others.

Evidence for deprescription in primary care through an umbrella review.

Background: There is a high prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescriptions in primary care. This is associated with more frequent adverse events, lower quality of life and more frequent visits to hospital accident & emergency departments. The aim of the present study is to summarise available evidence on the effectiveness of deprescription interventions in primary care, and to describe the barriers and enablers of the process from the point of view of patients and healthcare professionals.

A general framework for classifying costing methods for economic evaluation of health care.

According to the most traditional economic evaluation manuals, all "relevant" costs should be included in the economic analysis, taking into account factors such as the patient population, setting, location, year, perspective and time horizon. However, cost information may be designed for other purposes. Health care organisations may lack sophisticated accounting systems and consequently, health economists may be unfamiliar with cost accounting terminology, which may lead to discrepancy in terms used in the economic evaluation literature and management accountancy.

Development and evaluation of an intervention based on the provision of patient feedback to improve patient safety in Spanish primary healthcare centres: study protocol.

Introduction: Despite the enormous potential for adverse events in primary healthcare (PHC), the knowledge about how to improve patient safety in this context is still sparse. We describe the methods for the development and evaluation of an intervention targeted at PHC professionals to improve patient safety in Spanish PHC centres.

Methods And Analysis: The intervention will consist in using the patient reported experiences and outcomes of safety in primary care (PREOS-PC) survey to gather patient-reported experiences and outcomes concerning the safety of the healthcare patients receive in their PHC centres, and feed that information back to the PHC professionals to help them identify opportunities for safer healthcare provision.

Optimal start in dialysis shows increased survival in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: To compare the survival among patients with chronic kidney disease who had optimal starts of renal replacement therapy, dialysis or hemodialysis, with patients who had suboptimal starts.

Methods: A retrospective cohort consisting of >18 year-old patients who started renal replacement therapy, using peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis, in any public hospital or associated center of the Andalusian Public Health System, between the 1st of January of 2006 and the 15th of March of 2017. The optimal start was defined when all the following criteria were met: a planned dialysis start, a minimum of six-month follow-up by a nephrologist, and a first dialysis method coinciding with the one registered at 90 days.