[Increased self-reported eating disorder symptoms in outpatients at a Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic in Sweden between 2018 and 2022].

Eating disorders are common disorders that cause significant suffering and functional impairment for those affected. They often emerge in adolescence and can go undetected for many years before an individual presents to services. Early diagnosis and treatment have been shown to significantly improve the prognosis, highlighting the need for proactive screening.

Differential change in alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of loneliness, socialization, and mental well-being.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a surge in mental health issues and psychological distress, disruption to work/studying conditions, and social isolation particularly among young adults. Changes in these factors are differentially associated with alcohol use. Moreover, the relationship between these factors are bidirectional and may have fluctuated throughout the different phases of the pandemic.

A Three-Way Interaction of Sex, PER2 Polymorphism, and Family Maltreatment in Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents.

The prevalence of depressive symptoms in adolescents is 12-18% and is twice as frequent in females. Sleep problems and thoughts of death are depressive symptoms or co-occurrent phenomena. Family maltreatment is a risk factor for later depressive symptoms and the period circadian regulator (PER) has been studied in relation to neurotransmitters, adaptation to stress, and winter depression.

Clinical utility of new cut-off scores for the world health organization ADHD self-report scale among adolescents in psychiatric outpatient care.

Previous analyses of the proposed cut-off score for the 18-item World Health Organization ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-18) among psychiatrically referred adolescents have shown limited clinical utility. This prospective study examined the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of new cut-off scores of the ASRS-18 in a consecutive sample of 111 Swedish adolescent psychiatric outpatients. Using the Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS) as the reference standard and based on predefined sensitivity and specificity criteria, multiple new general and sex-specific cut-off scores were evaluated.

Worsened Anxiety and Loneliness Influenced Gaming and Gambling during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Aim: To study the prevalence and patterns of problematic gaming and gambling during the COVID-19 pandemic and the association with psychiatric traits and major types of anxiety categories. Method: 1067 young adults participated in both wave 3 (2018) and wave 4 (2021) of the SALVe Cohort. Associations with psychiatric symptoms and anxiety were examined using logistic regression and Chi-square tests.

Psychotic-like experiences from adolescence to adulthood: A longitudinal study.

Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), such as delusions and hallucinations, are regarded to occur along a spectrum and to be present also in non-help-seeking individuals from the general population. However, it remains unclear whether the occurrence of PLEs is a unique risk factor for future PLEs or a symptom of general psychopathology. In this study, we investigated whether PLEs during adolescence predict future PLEs in adulthood.

Exploration of the Moderating Effects of Physical Activity and Early Life Stress on the Relation between Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) rs6265 Variants and Depressive Symptoms among Adolescents.

Depression affects one in five persons at 18 years of age. Allele A of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) rs6265 is considered to be a risk factor for depression. Previous studies of the interaction between BDNF rs6265, early adversity, and/or physical activity have shown mixed results.

Three-way interaction effects of early life stress, positive parenting and FKBP5 in the development of depressive symptoms in a general population.

FKBP5 gene-environment interaction (cG × E) studies have shown diverse results, some indicating significant interaction effects between the gene and environmental stressors on depression, while others lack such results. Moreover, FKBP5 has a potential role in the diathesis stress and differential susceptibility theorem. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether a cG × E interaction effect of FKBP5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or haplotype and early life stress (ELS) on depressive symptoms among young adults was moderated by a positive parenting style (PASCQ), through the frameworks of the diathesis stress and differential susceptibility theorem.

Psychometric validation of two versions of the adolescent Depression Self-Rating Scale (DSRS-A and DSRS-A Screener).

Aim: Examination of psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy of the Depression Self-Rating Scale for Adolescents (DSRS-A) as well as development and evaluations of a shorter version, DSRS-A-Screener.

Methods: Analyses of component structure and internal consistency were performed in a community-based sample of adolescents  = 4,506 and among consecutive outpatients from three child psychiatric settings in Sweden ( = 137). Concurrent validity was measured as a correlation between a summation index of the scale items and the total major depressive disorder (MDD) symptom severity score from the Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS).

Psychometric evaluation of the Swedish Child Sheehan Disability Scale in adolescent psychiatric patients.

Assessment of disability is part of the psychiatric diagnostic process, and validated scales are needed for the assessment of functioning. The Swedish translations of the Child Sheehan Disability Scale (CSDS) for adolescents and parents (CSDS-P) have been adapted for use in psychiatric settings. The purpose of the study was to explore the psychometric properties of the Swedish CSDS and the CSDS-P among adolescent psychiatric patients.

Gene-environment interaction: Oxytocin receptor (OXTR) polymorphisms and parenting style as potential predictors for depressive symptoms.

Depression is a common mental health problem that is thought to develop through a combination of genetic, psychological, and environmental factors, including parental behaviours and parental mental health. The present study investigated the potential interaction between oxytocin receptor (OXTR) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs53576, rs237880, rs237887, rs237889, rs237898, rs1042778, rs2268490, rs2268491, rs4686302, rs6770632, rs13316193) and parenting style in adolescence in relation to depressive symptoms among young adults. The sample consisted of 1,098 Caucasian participants (63.

The Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale - self-assessment for use in adolescents: an evaluation of psychometric and diagnostic accuracy.

The Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale - Self Assessment (MADRS-S) is used to assess symptom severity in major depressive disorder (MDD) among adolescents, but its psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy are unclear. The aim of this study was to explore psychometric properties, including diagnostic accuracy, of the MADRS-S in adolescent psychiatric outpatients. Adolescent psychiatric outpatients ( = 105, mean age 16 years, 46 boys) completed the MADRS-S and were interviewed using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (K-SADS).

Psychotic-like experiences during early adolescence predict symptoms of depression, anxiety, and conduct problems three years later: A community-based study.

Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), such as delusions and hallucinations, are risk markers for psychiatric symptoms and functional impairment. However, the unique contribution of PLEs to psychiatric symptoms remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PLEs on psychiatric symptoms, adjusting for the baseline of such symptoms.

The mediating role of parenting behaviors in the relationship between early and late adolescent levels of anxiety: Specificity and informant effects.

Introduction: The role of parenting behavior is often highlighted in the development of anxiety in youth. However, previous reports are limited in terms of the specificity of relationships between different types of anxiety and parenting behaviors, informant effects on these relationships, and direction of effects.

Methods: This study investigates these questions using longitudinal data from 1350 Swedish adolescents and their parents.

Diagnostic accuracy of the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale parent report among adolescent psychiatric outpatients.

Background: The diagnostic accuracy of the parent report of the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-P) for the screening of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents has not been evaluated.

Aim: The aim was to explore the psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy of the MADRS-P in general child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient services in Sweden.

Method: The study was a validation and a diagnostic accuracy study.

Differential susceptibility effects of oxytocin gene (OXT) polymorphisms and perceived parenting on social anxiety among adolescents.

Social anxiety is one of the most commonly reported mental health problems among adolescents, and it has been suggested that parenting style influences an adolescent's level of anxiety. A context-dependent effect of oxytocin on human social behavior has been proposed; however, research on the oxytocin gene (OXT) has mostly been reported without considering contextual factors. This study investigated the interactions between parenting style and polymorphic variations in the OXT gene in association with social anxiety symptoms in a community sample of adolescents (n = 1,359).

Validation of the parent version of the World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale for adolescents.

Objective: To investigate the validity of a parent version of the World Health Organization Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Self-Report Scale for adolescents (ASRS-AP) and the 6-question screening version (ASRS-AP-S).

Methods: Adolescent psychiatric outpatients (N = 112, mean age 15 years, 40% boys) and their parents were interviewed with the Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS), and the parents reported on the ASRS-AP/ASRS-AP-S.

Results: Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was 0.

Assessing Adolescent Anxiety in General Psychiatric Care: Diagnostic Accuracy of the Swedish Self-Report and Parent Versions of the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale.

This study examined the psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy of the Swedish translations of the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale, self- and parent report versions, in a sample of 104 adolescents presenting at two general psychiatric outpatient units. Results showed high informant agreement and good internal reliability and concurrent and discriminant validity for both versions and demonstrated that this scale can distinguish between adolescents with and without an anxiety disorder in a non-anxiety-specific clinical setting. The relative clinical utility of different cutoff scores was compared by looking at the extent to which dichotomized questionnaire results altered the pretest probability of the presence of a diagnosis as defined by the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children.

Validation of the World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale for adolescents.

Background: The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self Report Scale (ASRS) is a widely used diagnostic tool for assessment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in clinical psychiatry in Sweden. The ASRS consists of 18 questions, the first six of which can be used as a short screening version (ASRS-S). There is a version for adolescents-ASRS-Adolescent (ASRS-A)-and the corresponding screening version (ASRS-A-S), which has not been validated to date.