Protein - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.

Proteins are needed for providing essential amino acids, nitrogen, and fuel for the body's needs in all age groups. Proteins are especially required during active growth in pregnancy, lactation, childhood, and tissue growth in general. An adequate protein intake is needed in old adults to avoid premature muscle loss.

[Oral health problems in nursing homes, revision of oral health care delivery is needed].

Introduction: Prevalence of oral health problems among nursing home residents is common, they suffer from oral diseases and need dental service. The aim of this study was to examine clinical oral health of Icelandic nursing home residents and their oral health quality of life.

Material And Methods: Total (N=82) residents in two nursing homes in Reykjavik gave their consent to be involved in this descriptive cross-sectional study.

Cross-sectional study of oral health care service, oral health beliefs and oral health care education of caregivers in nursing homes.

Objectives: To assess oral care beliefs and oral hygiene procedures among nursing home personnel to identify strengths and weaknesses in managing oral care.

Methods: A cross-sectional study in two nursing homes using an oral health care questionnaire including the Nursing Dental Coping Belief Scale.

Results: A total of 109 health personnel participated.

The effect of cognitive function on mobility improvement among community-living older adults: A 12-week resistance exercise intervention study.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between baseline cognitive function and improvement in mobility after 12 weeks of resistance training (3 times/week; 3 sets, 6-8 repetitions at 75-80% of the 1-repetition maximum) among community-dwelling older adults in Iceland (N=205, 73.5±5.7 years, 57.

Effect of two different nutritional supplements on postprandial glucose response and energy- and protein intake in hospitalised patients with COPD: A randomised cross-over study.

Introduction: Oral nutrition support is frequently used in treatment of malnutrition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Considering the use of corticoidsteroids in patients with COPD, little is known about the effect on postprandial glucose response and if they might interfere with glucose control. Our aims were to compare the effect of a liquid oral nutritional supplement (ONS) and semi solid inbetween meal snack (snack) on postprandial glucose and energy- and protein intake, and to compare the effect of timing of each intervention on postprandial glucose and energy- and protein intake.

Oral nutrition supplements and between-meal snacks for nutrition therapy in patients with COPD identified as at nutritional risk: a randomised feasibility trial.

Introduction: Intervention studies have mainly used oral nutritional supplements (ONS) for the management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) identified as at nutritional risk. In this 12-month randomised feasibility trial, we assessed the (1) feasibility of the recruitment, retention and provision of two interventions: ONS and between-meal snacks (snacks) and (2) the potential impact of the provision of snacks and ONS on body weight and quality of life in patients with COPD.

Methods: Hospitalised patients with COPD, at nutritional risk, were randomised to ONS (n=19) or snacks (n=15) providing 600 kcal and 22 g protein a day in addition to regular daily diet.

[Dietary intake of young Icelanders with psychotic disorders and weight development over an 8-12 months period].

Introduction: The prevalence of lifestyle related diseases is higher among people with psychotic disorders than the general population. The aim was to assess dietary intake of young people with psychotic disorders for the first time in Iceland.

Material And Methods: Subjects were young people (n=48, age 18-30y) with psychotic disorders.

Two components of the new ESPEN diagnostic criteria for malnutrition are independent predictors of lung function in hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Introduction: Low fat free mass index (FFMI) is a component of the ESPEN diagnosis criteria of malnutrition, that only when accompanied with weight loss is considered to be a determinant of malnutrition. Our aims were to assess the prevalence of malnutrition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) applying the ESPEN criteria, and to examine the ability of different components of the criteria to predict COPD severity, length of stay (LOS), hospital readmissions within 30 days and mortality.

Methods: Subjects were COPD patients (n = 121) admitted to Landspitali University Hospital from March 2015 to March 2016.

Muscular strength and physical function in elderly adults 6-18 months after a 12-week resistance exercise program.

Aims: Benefits of resistance exercise in elderly people are well documented; however, sustaining these benefits can be difficult and adherence is often poor. Muscular strength and physical function usually decline after a supervised resistance exercise program (REP). We investigated these changes in older adults during an observational follow-up and whether leisure time physical activity (LTPA) or unsupervised resistance exercise (RE) limit these changes.

[Old people in the Emergency Department; Icelandic results from the InterRAI multinational ED study].

Introduction: Old people attend emergency departments (ED´s) in increasing numbers. Old people have age related changes in all organ systems and tend to have multiple chronic diseases, be on multiple medications and often have physical and cognitive functional impairments. Hence, they have complex health and social service needs.

[Dietary habits and their association with blood pressure among elderly Icelandic people].

Objective: Prevalence of hypertension, which is the most common risk factor for cardiovascular disease in elderly people, increases with age. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between diet and blood pressure in elderly Icelanders, with focus on cod liver oil, and to compare their diet to dietary guidelines.

Material And Methods: Diet was assessed using three-day weighed food records and blood pressure was measured after a 12-hour-fast in 236, 65-91 years old, Icelanders living in the capital area of Iceland.

Nutritional status of cancer patients in chemotherapy; dietary intake, nitrogen balance and screening.

Objective: To evaluate a short screening sheet (SSM) for malnutrition and to investigate the nutritional status of patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer of the lungs, colon or breast at an outpatient clinic.

Design: Full nutritional assessment was conducted to define malnutrition and validate the SSM. Additionally, weight change from earlier healthy weight was evaluated, and calculations for intake of energy-giving nutrients (three-day-weighed food records) and protein balance were performed.