Roles of in human health: beyond dental caries.

() is the main pathogenic bacterium causing dental caries, and the modes in which its traits, such as acid production, acid tolerance, and adhesion that contribute to the dental caries process, has been clarified. However, a growing number of animal experiments and clinical revelations signify that these traits of are not restricted to the detriment of dental tissues. These traits can assist in evading the immune system within body fluids; they empower to adhere not merely to the surface of teeth but also to other tissues such as vascular endothelium; they can additionally trigger inflammatory reactions and inflict damage on various organs, thereby leading to the occurrence of systemic diseases.

Accuracy of detection methods for secondary caries around direct restorations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the accuracy of detection methods for the diagnosis of secondary caries around direct restorations in posterior teeth.

Data: Accuracy parameters including sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), area under curve (AUC), and partial AUC (pAUC) are generated from studies assessing the accuracy of detection methods for secondary caries.

Sources: Publications from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases.

Antimicrobial properties of copper tetraamine fluoride.

Background: A stable copper tetraamine fluoride (CTF) with low cytotoxicity has been developed for dental use.

Objective: To investigate the antimicrobial effects of CTF against common microbes associated with dental caries and periodontal disease.

Method: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentrations (MBC/MFC) were used to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of CTF against eight common bacteria and one fungus associated with dental caries and periodontal disease.

The anti-caries effects of copper tetraamine fluoride on enamel: An in vitro study.

Objective: To investigate the antibacterial, remineralising, and discolouring effects of copper tetraamine fluoride (CTF) on artificial enamel caries.

Method: Human enamel blocks with artificial caries were treated with CTF, silver diamine fluoride (SDF, positive control) and water (negative control) before being challenged with Streptococcus mutans. The morphology, viability, and growth kinetics of biofilm were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and colony-forming unit (CFU) counting.

Antibacterial and mineralising properties of copper tetraamine fluoride on dentine caries: A laboratory study.

Objective: To investigate the antibacterial, mineralising, and discolouring properties of copper tetraamine fluoride (CTF) on artificial dentine caries.

Method: Demineralised human dentine blocks were treated with CTF, silver diamine fluoride (SDF, positive control) and water (negative control) before they were subjected to cariogenic challenge with Streptococcus mutans biofilm. The morphology, viability, and growth kinetics of the biofilm were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and colony-forming unit (CFU) counting.

The preventive effect of silver diamine fluoride-modified salivary pellicle on dental erosion.

Objective: To investigate the preventive effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) modified salivary pellicle (SP) against dental erosion.

Methods: Enamel and dentin blocks allocated into 4 groups (n = 30 each). Blocks in Group SDF+SP were treated with SDF and SP.

Updates on Caries Risk Assessment-A Literature Review.

This narrative review aims to provide an update on caries risk assessment (CRA) and the available CRA tools. CRA can be used to monitor the status of oral care, as well as for documentation and research purposes. Caries risk is determined by the interplay of risk and protective factors.

Preventing dentin erosion with silver diamine fluoride and salivary pellicle: an in vitro study.

Objectives: To investigate the preventive and discoloring effects of a single and two weekly applications of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) against dentin erosion.

Materials And Methods: 180 dentin blocks were divided into four groups. Group 1 (SDF2) received two weekly applications of 38% SDF.

Global Research Trends in the Detection and Diagnosis of Dental Caries: A Bibliometric Analysis.

This study aims to provide an overview of the global research trends in the detection and diagnosis of dental caries in the past 20 years. A literature search was conducted in the Scopus Database to retrieve studies on the diagnostic approaches for dental caries published from January 2003 to December 2023. The diagnostic approaches in the retrieved studies were examined and the studies were categorized according to the diagnostic approaches investigated.

Developing a novel antibacterial copper tetraamine fluoride.

Objective: To develop a novel and biocompatible copper tetraamine fluoride (CTF) with antibacterial and nondiscolouring properties.

Method: This study used copper fluoride and ammonia solution to develop CTF solution. The CTF was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Preventing proximal enamel caries in neighboring tooth with glass ionomer cement restoration and silver diamine fluoride pretreatment.

Objective: To investigate caries preventive effects of 38 % silver diamine fluoride (SDF) pretreatment on neighboring tooth proximal to glass ionomer cement (GIC), including conventional GIC (CGIC) and resin-modified GIC (RMGIC) restorations in an in vitro model.

Methods: HUMAN TOOTH BLOCKS WERE RESTORED WITH: SDF+CGIC (Group 1), CGIC (Group 2), SDF+RMGIC (Group 3) or RMGIC (Group 4). Enamel specimen simulating proximal surface of neighboring tooth was placed in proximity to the restorations.

Silver diamine fluoride in preventing enamel erosion: An in vitro study with salivary pellicle.

Objectives: To compare the prevention of enamel erosion and discolouring effect with a single and two weekly topical applications of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution.

Methods: Human enamel blocks were divided into four groups. Group 1 (SDF2) received two weekly applications of SDF solution (Advantage Arrest: 260,000 ppm Ag, 44,300 ppm F, pH 9.

Diffusion of Silver Diamine Fluoride Solution in Dentine: An In Vitro Study.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to assess the diffusion dynamics of silver and fluoride ions after 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution application on dentine of varying thicknesses over 24 weeks.

Methods: Bovine dentine discs of 5.5 mm in diameter were prepared and separated into 3 groups with thicknesses of 0.

wraps around and synergistically escapes from Neutrophil extracellular traps.

Background: NETs, a unique neutrophil immune mechanism, are vital in defending against microbial invasions. Understanding the mechanisms of co-infection by and , which often leads to higher mortality and poorer prognosis, is crucial for studying infection progression.

Methods: In our study, we established a mouse model of subcutaneous infection to characterize the inflammation induced by co-infection.

Ion release of the glass ionomer restoration with silver diamine fluoride dentin pretreatment.

Objective: To assess the fluoride and silver ion release of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations, including conventional GIC (CGIC) and resin-modified GIC (RMGIC) restorations, with 38 % silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution dentin pretreatment.

Methods: Eighty dentin blocks were allocated into 4 groups and restored with SDF+CGIC, CGIC, SDF+RMGIC and RMGIC, respectively. Each block was stored in deionized water at 37 °C for 2 years.

Developing a novel glass ionomer cement with enhanced mechanical and chemical properties.

Objective: To develop a novel glass ionomer cement (NGIC) with enhanced mechanical and chemical properties and assess its biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and ion release.

Methods: Nanosilver doped bioactive glass (NanoAg BAG) was synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The NanoAg BAG, together with poly(vinylphosphonic acid) (PVPA), alumino-fluorosilicate glass and poly-acrylic acid were used to synthesize NGIC.

IRE1α pathway: A potential bone metabolism mediator.

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts collaborate in bone metabolism, facilitating bone development, maintaining normal bone density and strength, and aiding in the repair of pathological damage. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) can disrupt the intracellular equilibrium between osteoclast and osteoblast, resulting in dysfunctional bone metabolism. The inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) pathway-the most conservative unfolded protein response pathway activated by ERS-is crucial in regulating cell metabolism.

Preventive dental erosion with silver diamine fluoride: An in vitro study.

Objectives: To evaluate the erosion preventive effect of 38 % silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution in enamel and dentin of human permanent teeth.

Methods: Ninety enamel and ninety dentin blocks were prepared from permanent molars and allocated into three groups. Gp-SDF received a one-off application of 38 % SDF solution.

Prevention and management of dental erosion and decay.

The 2017 Global Disease Study revealed 2.3 billion untreated cavities and 139 million other oral conditions like dental erosion. Modern treatments prioritise controlling etiological factors and preventing related diseases.

Clinical evidence for silver diamine fluoride to reduce dentine hypersensitivity: A systematic review.

Objective: To assess the clinical evidence for silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to reduce dentine hypersensitivity in adults.

Methods: Two independent researchers searched the English literature in five databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library) up to 15th July 2023 for clinical trials investigating the desensitising effect of professionally applied SDF to manage dentine hypersensitivity in adults aged 18 or above at any follow-up period. The primary outcome was the change in dentine hypersensitivity between baseline and follow-up visits after SDF application regarding any validated pain outcome measures.

Copper Materials for Caries Management: A Scoping Review.

This study comprehensively reviewed the types, properties and potential applications of copper materials for caries management. Two researchers independently searched English publications using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. They screened the titles and abstracts of publications presenting original studies for review.