Multiplexed analysis of macrophage polarisation in pulmonary metastases of microsatellite stable colorectal cancer.

Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) express a continuum of phenotypes ranging from an anti-tumoural M1-like phenotype to a pro-tumoural M2-like phenotype. During cancer progression, TAMs may shift to a more M2-like polarisation state, but the role of TAMs in CRC metastases is unclear. We conducted a comprehensive spatial and prognostic analysis of TAMs in CRC pulmonary metastases and corresponding primary tumours using multiplexed immunohistochemistry and machine learning-based image analysis.

Results of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus thoracotomy for lung cancer in a mixed practice medium-volume hospital: a propensity-matched study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the short- and long-term results of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and thoracotomy for non-small-cell lung cancer in a medium-volume centre, where cardiothoracic surgeons perform both cardiac and general thoracic surgery. The primary outcome of interest was 5-year overall survival and disease-specific survival. Secondary outcomes were short-term postoperative complications, length of hospital stay and lymph node yield.

Results of intention-to-treat pulmonary metastasectomies in northern Finland revealing significant number of new lung primary carcinomas: time to move on from wedge resections?

Background: A considerable proportion of intended pulmonary metastasectomies is known to turn out as new incidental primary lung cancers in final pathology. We aimed to analyse the trends and results of pulmonary metastasectomies using the intention-to-treat approach with an emphasis on final histopathological findings.

Methods: All intention-to-treat pulmonary metastasectomies performed in Oulu University Hospital between 2000 and 2020 were included in the study.

Tertiary lymphoid structures in pulmonary metastases of microsatellite stable colorectal cancer.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are ectopic lymphoid aggregates located at sites of chronic inflammation and recognized as prognosticators in several cancers. We aimed to analyse the prognostic effect of TLSs in colorectal cancer (CRC) pulmonary metastases and primary tumours, with a comparison to the CD3 and CD8 cell density-based immune cell score (ICS). For TLS density and TLS maximum diameter analysis, 67 pulmonary metastases and 63 primary tumours were stained with haematoxylin and eosin.

The prognostic role of tumor budding and tumor-stroma ratio in pulmonary metastasis of colorectal carcinoma.

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of tumor budding and tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) in resected pulmonary metastases of colorectal carcinoma (CRC).

Methods: In total, 106 pulmonary metastasectomies were performed to 74 patients in two study hospitals during 2000-2020. All relevant clinical data were retrospectively collected.

CD3 and CD8 T-Cell-Based Immune Cell Score and PD-(L)1 Expression in Pulmonary Metastases of Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancer.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of CD3 and CD8 based immune cell score (ICS), programmed death -1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand -1 (PD-L1) in pulmonary metastases of proficient mismatch repair colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. A total of 101 pulmonary metastases and 62 primary CRC tumours were stained for CD3, CD8, PD-1 and PD-L1 expression. The prognostic value of ICS, PD-1/PD-L1 expression in 67 first pulmonary metastases and 61 primary CRC tumour was analysed.

52-year follow-up of a birth cohort reveals a high pneumonia incidence among young men.

Background: Knowledge of pneumonia incidence and risk factors in adults is mainly based on clinical studies of selected patient data and registers with ageing populations. Prospective population-based investigations, such as birth cohort studies, are needed to understand pneumonia incidence and risk factors among young and working-age populations.

Methods: Northern Finland Birth Cohort (NFBC) 1966 data (n=6750) were analysed for pneumonia incidence and risk factors.

Detrimental impacts of climate change may be exacerbated by density-dependent population regulation in blue mussels.

The climate on our planet is changing and the range distributions of organisms are shifting in response. In aquatic environments, species might not be able to redistribute poleward or into deeper water when temperatures rise because of barriers, reduced light availability, altered water chemistry or any combination of these. How species respond to climate change may depend on physiological adaptability, but also on the population dynamics of the species.

Trophic overlap between expanding and contracting fish predators in a range margin undergoing change.

Climate change is predicted to cause a freshening of the Baltic Sea, facilitating range expansions of freshwater species and contractions of marine. Resident marine flounders (Platichthys flesus) and expansive freshwater roach (Rutilus rutilus) are dominant consumers in the Baltic Sea sublittoral where they occur in partial sympatry. By comparing patterns of resource use by flounders and roach along a declining resource gradient of blue mussels (Mytilus trossulus) our aim was to explore predator functional responses and the degree of trophic overlap.

Analysis of nodularin-R in eider (Somateria mollissima), roach (Rutilus rutilus L.), and flounder (Platichthys flesus L.) liver and muscle samples from the western Gulf of Finland, northern Baltic Sea.

Nodularin (NODLN) is a cyanobacterial hepatotoxin that may cause toxic effects at very low exposure levels. The NODLN-producing cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena forms massive blooms in the northern Baltic Sea, especially during the summer. We analyzed liver and muscle (edible meat) samples from common eider (Somateria mollissima), roach (Rutilus rutilus L.